OncoHost to Present New Research on Early Detection of Immunotherapy Resistance Using Plasma Proteomics at ISLB 2026

New data demonstrates the potential of longitudinal plasma proteomics to detect disease progression ahead of radiologic assessment and predict overall survival in advanced NSCLC

BINYAMINA, Israel and CARY, N.C., Nov. 5, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- OncoHost, a technology company transforming precision oncology through proteomics-based biomarker development, today announced that it will present new research at the International Society of Liquid Biopsy (ISLB) meeting occurring November 7-9 in Madrid, Spain. The findings highlight the potential of longitudinal plasma proteomic profiling to monitor immunotherapy response, identify emerging treatment resistance, and detect disease progression before conventional radiologic assessment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The abstract, titled 'Longitudinal plasma proteomic profiling predicts immunotherapy response dynamics and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC,' presents the validation of a 22-protein plasma signature designed to monitor changes in treatment response over time. By analyzing serial blood samples collected during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, the study explores how circulating protein patterns reflect treatment response, emerging resistance, and clinical outcomes.

"Plasma proteomics offers a unique opportunity to monitor the biological changes that occur throughout cancer treatment," said Michal Harel, Ph.D., VP Translational Medicine at OncoHost. "Our findings demonstrate that longitudinal protein signatures can reflect treatment response, identify emerging resistance, and provide clinically meaningful information beyond conventional imaging. This brings us closer to using a blood test to continuously assess how patients are responding to therapy."

The study analyzed 440 serial plasma samples from 109 patients with advanced NSCLC across two independent cohorts. Patients received ICI monotherapy, ICI combined with chemotherapy, or dual ICI therapy. Researchers evaluated the association between the 22-protein signature and radiologic response according to RECIST criteria, as well as the relationship between longitudinal proteomic patterns and overall survival.

The proteomic score was significantly associated with radiologic response in both independent cohorts and across ICI monotherapy and chemo-immunotherapy treatment groups. Importantly, among patients who developed acquired resistance, proteomic score-based progression was detected a median of 170 days (approximately 5.6 months) before radiologically identified progression, highlighting the potential of plasma proteomics to provide earlier indications of treatment resistance.

Longitudinal analysis also identified distinct proteomic trajectories associated with clinical outcomes. Increasing or decrease–increase score patterns, consistent with primary and acquired resistance, were observed in 72% of patients who developed progressive disease. Furthermore, patients exhibiting decreasing proteomic scores had significantly longer overall survival compared with those showing increasing, decrease–increase, or stable trajectories (HR=0.26, p=0.0012).

Beyond its clinical associations, the study provided insights into the biological basis of the signature. A strong correlation between the proteomic score and an alveolar protein signal suggests that the signature captures lung-related biological processes, supporting its potential relevance for monitoring disease-associated changes during treatment.

"Our vision is to make plasma proteomics an integral part of personalized cancer care, not only to guide treatment selection but also to monitor patients throughout their treatment journey," said Ofer Sharon, MD, CEO of OncoHost. "These findings highlight the potential of proteomic monitoring to provide physicians with earlier insights into treatment response and emerging resistance, ultimately supporting more timely and informed clinical decisions."

Poster Presentation Details

Title: Longitudinal plasma proteomic profiling predicts immunotherapy response dynamics and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC
Session: Poster Tour
Poster Number: PT01.02
Abstract Number: 265
Date & Time: Saturday, November 7, 2026, 3:15–4:00 PM

The findings are investigational, and further prospective validation is required to establish the clinical utility of the longitudinal monitoring signature.

About OncoHost
OncoHost is a technology company headquartered in Binyamina, Israel, and Cary, North Carolina, transforming the approach to precision medicine for improved patient outcomes. OncoHost's proprietary platform, PROphet®, is a plasma-based, proteomic pattern analysis tool whose initial offering in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) uses a single blood sample to guide first-line immunotherapy decision-making. The PROphetNSCLC® test provides clear clinical utility by offering physicians crucial guidance on the optimal first-line immunotherapy treatment plan for each individual patient, with a significant effect on overall survival.

Led by an experienced team of entrepreneurs and industry experts and supported by a large-scale prospective clinical trial with over 40 sites and 1,700 patients recruited worldwide, OncoHost is well-positioned to lead precision diagnostics and biomarker development to the next stage.

For more information, visit www.oncohost.com, or follow OncoHost on LinkedIn, X (Twitter), Facebook, and YouTube.

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