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Biólogo Michael W. Young da Universidade Rockefeller homenageado com o Prêmio Nobel por seus estudos pioneiros sobre ritmo circadiano
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News provided by

The Rockefeller University

Oct 02, 2017, 03:42 ET

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NOVA YORK, 2 de outubro de 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- O biólogo Michael W. Young da Universidade Rockefeller, que descobriu o mecanismo molecular do ritmo circadiano, que governa os relógios biológicos que regulam o sono, comportamento alimentar e metabolismo, é o recipiente deste ano do Prêmio Nobel de Fisiologia ou Medicina, segundo anunciou hoje a Fundação Nobel, em Estocolmo, Suécia. Ele compartilha o prêmio com Jeffrey C. Hall e Michael Rosbash da Universidade Brandeis.

Michael Young
Michael Young

Young usou a genética para identificar mutações dos genes que descontrolam a capacidade da mosca-das-frutas Drosophila melanogaster de ajustar apropriadamente seu relógio interno em resposta a mudanças no ambiente e, mais que isso, definiu seus mecanismos bioquímicos. Esse relógio encontrado nas moscas-das-frutas mostrou-se conservado em todo o reino animal e fornece percepções sobre como o cérebro traduz estímulos ambientais em comportamento alterado. Seu trabalho tem implicações diretas no entendimento dos distúrbios do sono humanos, nos mecanismos da descompensação horária (jet lag) e nas dificuldades de trabalhar em horários noturnos.

O laboratório de Young está trabalhando atualmente para avaliar como as atividades do gene rítmico e das proteínas são estabelecidas nas células derivadas de pacientes com distúrbios do sono ou transtornos depressivos. Entre outras descobertas, esse trabalho identificou recentemente uma mutação comum que atrasa o relógio biológico humano. Pessoas com a variante "coruja noturna" desse gene tem um ciclo circadiano longo, tornando difícil para elas manter um ciclo normal de 24 horas.

"Estou muito satisfeito por a Fundação Nobel haver decidido homenagear Mike por seu trabalho pioneiro sobre o ritmo circadiano", diz o presidente da Universidade Rockefeller, Richard P. Lifton. "As descobertas feitas por Mike e seus colegas forneceram percepções fundamentais sobre os mecanismos moleculares pelo quais o cérebro responde a estímulos ambientais, o que é um avanço profundo. O Prêmio Nobel é o apogeu do reconhecimento científico e não consigo pensar em alguém mais merecedor do que Mike para receber esse prêmio".

Young, professor e chefe do Laboratório de Genética da Richard e Jeanne Fisher, é o 25º cientista associado à Universidade Rockefeller a ser homenageado com o Prêmio Nobel. Além de Young, outros cinco ganhadores do Prêmio Nobel fazem parte do atual corpo docente da Rockefeller: Roderick MacKinnon (2003), Paul Nurse (2001), Paul Greengard (2000), Günter Blobel (1999) e Torsten Wiesel (1981).

Young se formou em biologia em 1971 e fez doutorado (Ph.D.) em genética em 1975, ambos na Universidade do Texas, em Austin. Após seu trabalho de pós-doutorado em bioquímica na Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Stanford, ele foi nomeado professor assistente da Rockefeller em 1978, como parte do Programa de Fellows da Universidade Rockefeller. Young foi nomeado professor associado em 1984 e professor em 1988. Em 2004, ele foi nomeado vice-presidente para assuntos acadêmicos da universidade e professor da Richard and Jeanne Fisher.

Young foi pesquisador do Instituto Médico Howard Hughes de 1987 a 1996. Ele é membro da Academia Nacional de Ciências e fellow da Academia Americana de Microbiologia. Young ganhou o Prêmio Shaw em Ciência da Vida e Medicina de 2013, o Prêmio Wiley em Ciências Biomédicas de 2013, o Prêmio Massry de 2012, o Prêmio Internacional Gairdner Canadá de 2012, o Prêmio Louisa Gross Horwitz de 2011 e o Prêmio de Neurociência da Fundação Peter and Patricia Gruber de 2009.

Sobre a Universidade Rockefeller (The Rockefeller University)

A Universidade Rockefeller é a instituição de ensino líder mundial em pesquisa biomédica, que se dedica a conduzir pesquisas inovadoras, de alta qualidade, para melhorar o entendimento da vida, em benefício da humanidade. Os 82 laboratórios da universidade conduzem pesquisas em neurociência, imunologia, bioquímica, genômica e em muitas outras áreas. Uma comunidade de 1.800 professores, estudantes, doutores, técnicos, clínicos e pessoal administrativo trabalha em seu campus de 14 acres em Manhattan. Sua abordagem única à ciência gerou as mais revolucionárias e transformadoras contribuições à biologia e à medicina. Durante a história de 115 anos da Rockefeller, 25 dos cientistas da instituição receberam Prêmios Nobel, 22 ganharam os Prêmios de Pesquisa Médica Albert Lasker e 20 receberam a Medalha Nacional de Ciência, a mais alta condecoração concedida pelos Estados Unidos na área de ciência.

Contato com a imprensa:  Katherine Fenz
[email protected]
+1 212-327-7900
www.rockefeller.edu

Foto - http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/565717/The_Rockefeller_University_Michael_Young_Nobel_Prize.jpg

FONTE The Rockefeller University

Related Links

http://www.rockefeller.edu

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