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Día Mundial de la Lucha Contra el SIDA: La inocuidad alimentaria es importante para las personas con VIH o SIDA
  • USA - English

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News provided by

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Dec 01, 2019, 10:00 ET

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SILVER SPRING, Maryland, 1 de diciembre de 2019 /PRNewswire-HISPANIC PR WIRE/ -- El primero de diciembre es el Día Mundial Contra el SIDA y la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de EE.UU. (FDA, por sus siglas en inglés) quiere recordarles a las personas que viven con el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) o el Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA) acerca de la guía de recursos de la FDA sobre cómo protegerse de las enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos y el manejo seguro de los mismos.

Puede descargar una copia del folleto Food Safety for People with HIV/AIDS en: https://www.fda.gov/media/103667/download. También puede solicitar una copia impresa en la Biblioteca de Recursos Educativos de CFSA: https://epublication.fda.gov/epub/.  

Para las personas con VIH o SIDA, la práctica de la inocuidad alimentaria es fundamental porque sus sistemas inmunológicos pueden resultar dañados o destruidos, lo que los hace susceptibles a las enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos o la "intoxicación alimentaria". Una persona con VIH o SIDA que contrae una enfermedad transmitida por los alimentos tiene más probabilidades de padecer una enfermedad más prolongada, de ser hospitalizada o incluso de morir.

Conozca los riesgos relacionados con los alimentos

Algunos alimentos son más riesgosos para las personas con VIH o SIDA porque son más propensos a contener bacterias o virus dañinos. En general, estos alimentos se dividen en dos categorías:

  • Frutas y verduras frescas no cocidas.
  • Algunos productos de origen animal, como la leche cruda sin pasteurizar, los quesos blandos elaborados con leche cruda, los huevos crudos o poco cocidos, la carne cruda, las aves de corral crudas, el pescado crudo, los mariscos crudos y sus jugos, y los fiambres o carnes frías y las ensaladas de delicatessen (sin conservantes añadidos) preparadas en el sitio de un establecimiento tipo delicatessen.

Siga los cuatro pasos para la inocuidad alimentaria

Cualquier persona que prepare alimentos también debe seguir los siguientes pasos para reducir el riesgo de contraer enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos:

  1. LAVAR: Lávese las manos y lave las superficies con frecuencia. Las bacterias se pueden esparcir por toda la cocina y llegar a las manos, las tablas para cortar, los utensilios, las encimeras y los alimentos.
  2. SEPARAR: Mantenga la carne cruda, las aves de corral crudas, los mariscos y sus jugos crudos, y los huevos crudos lejos de los alimentos listos para el consumo.
  3. COCINAR a la temperatura adecuada. Use un termómetro para alimentos para asegurarse de que la carne, las aves, los mariscos y los productos de huevo estén cocidos hasta que alcancen una temperatura interna mínima segura para destruir cualquier bacteria dañina. Consulte la tabla en https://www.fda.gov/media/107010/download 
  4. ENFRÍE los alimentos en seguida. Las temperaturas frías retardan el crecimiento de bacterias dañinas. Use un termómetro para electrodomésticos para asegurarse de que la temperatura del refrigerador sea de 40º F o menos y la del congelador de 0º F o menos.

Conozca los síntomas

El consumo de bacterias peligrosas transmitidas por los alimentos generalmente causa enfermedad en un plazo de 1 a 3 días después de haber ingerido el alimento contaminado. Sin embargo, la enfermedad también puede ocurrir después de 20 minutos y hasta 6 semanas posteriormente. Los síntomas de las enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos incluyen: vómitos, diarrea, dolor abdominal y síntomas similares a los de la gripe (como fiebre, dolor de cabeza y dolor corporal). Estos síntomas pueden ser peores para alguien con un sistema inmunológico debilitado y afectar la salud a largo plazo o incluso causar la muerte.

Tome medidas

Si cree que ha contraído una enfermedad transmitida por los alimentos, comuníquese con su proveedor de atención médica inmediatamente. Además, informe a la FDA poniéndose en contacto con:

  • El Coordinador de Quejas del Consumidor en su área: https://www.fda.gov/safety/report-problem/consumer-complaint-coordinators (en inglés)
  • MedWatch, www.fda.gov/MedWatchEnEspanol o 1-800-FDA-1088.

Nadie tiene que revelar su estatus de VIH a la FDA cuando presenta una queja.  

Contacto:  Prensa: 1-301-796-4540 Consumidores: 1-888-SAFEFOOD (línea telefónica gratuita)

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