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El crecimiento del PIB de China en 2021 alcanzará el 8%, según un informe del grupo de reflexión de PHBS
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News provided by

Peking University HSBC Business School

Jan 06, 2022, 09:54 ET

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SHENZHEN, China, 6 de enero, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Es probable que la tasa de crecimiento del PIB de China en 2021 sea del 8%, con un crecimiento proyectado del 3,7% en el cuarto trimestre, según un informe publicado recientemente por la Universidad de Pekín, grupo de reflexión de HSBC Business School (PHBS). Aunque China fue la única economía importante que registró un crecimiento en 2020, ha estado lidiando con múltiples desafíos para su expansión en 2021, y la economía real sigue siendo lenta, según el informe.

El grupo de reflexión de PHBS ve que la presión a la baja sobre la economía real de China sigue siendo alta en el cuarto trimestre, lo que apunta a un consumo débil, una disminución significativa de la inversión en infraestructura y bienes inmuebles, y una presión al alza del IPC. Dado que los precios de algunas materias primas aún se encuentran en niveles altos, el aumento de los precios ha comenzado a transmitirse a los productos intermedios y posteriores.

Debido a la triple presión de la contracción de la demanda, los choques de oferta y el debilitamiento de las expectativas, se espera que la tasa de crecimiento anual del PIB de China sea del 5,0% en 2022, según el grupo de reflexión de PHBS. Se espera que la desaceleración del mercado inmobiliario y del consumo continúe actuando como vientos en contra del crecimiento de la segunda economía más grande del mundo. Basado en su modelo DSGE, el grupo de reflexión estima que una disminución del 10% en la inversión inmobiliaria conducirá a una disminución del 2,1% en el crecimiento del PIB, lo que provocará la pérdida de 6,85 millones de puestos de trabajo en los sectores relacionados.

Dado que la variante Ómicron, las interrupciones persistentes de la cadena de suministro y las presiones inflacionarias están limitando la recuperación de la economía mundial de la pandemia, se espera que algunos de los factores que respaldan las exportaciones de China se debiliten en 2022. El informe incluye los resultados de pronóstico de que la contribución al PIB de China del consumo, la inversión y las exportaciones netas serán de 1,9 puntos porcentuales, 1,7 puntos porcentuales y 1,4 puntos porcentuales, respectivamente.

El grupo de reflexión de PHBS sugiere que se deben implementar políticas más proactivas en 2022. Aconseja que el gobierno fortalezca la política fiscal para aumentar el consumo interno y la inversión en infraestructura y garantizar el suministro de materias primas. Además, el informe concluye que se necesitan políticas eficaces de concesión y financiación de préstamos para evitar el aterrizaje forzoso de la industria inmobiliaria.

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