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El ordeño del cordón umbilical parece ser seguro en niños prematuros nacidos después de 28 semanas
  • USA - English


News provided by

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Nov 09, 2023, 09:00 ET

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Los resultados de un estudio financiado por los NIH sugieren que la técnica puede permitir una respuesta más rápida que el procedimiento estándar

BETHESDA, Maryland, 9 de noviembre de 2023 /PRNewswire-HISPANIC PR WIRE/ --

QUÉ:
Un tratamiento para trasladar la sangre del cordón umbilical al cuerpo del bebé puede constituir una opción segura para los niños prematuros nacidos después de 28 semanas que necesitan una asistencia rápida, según sugiere un estudio apoyado por los Institutos Nacionales de Salud. El procedimiento, denominado ordeño del cordón umbilical, consiste en apretar suavemente el cordón entre el pulgar y el índice y empujar la sangre hacia el abdomen del recién nacido. Los nuevos hallazgos sugieren que las preocupaciones suscitadas por un estudio de 2019 sobre bebés nacidos antes de las 28 semanas (que concluyó que el ordeño del cordón umbilical podría aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia dentro del cerebro) no se aplican a los bebés prematuros nacidos después de las 28 semanas. El estudio actual aparece en Pediatrics.

El procedimiento estándar, que retrasa el pinzamiento del cordón umbilical mientras la sangre fluye de forma natural hacia el cuerpo del bebé, dura entre 30 y 180 segundos. Sin embargo, el ordeño del cordón tarda unos 20 segundos, lo que reduce el retraso para los bebés que necesitan asistencia inmediata, como asistencia respiratoria. Ambos procedimientos permiten que la sangre del cordón umbilical llegue al cuerpo del bebé antes del pinzamiento, lo que reduce el riesgo de anemia y otras complicaciones observadas entre los bebés a los que se les pinza y corta el cordón inmediatamente.

El estudio fue realizado por el doctor Anup Katheria, del Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns de San Diego, y colegas de Estados Unidos, Canadá y Europa. Contó con el apoyo del Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development de los NIH.

Más de 1,000 bebés fueron asignados aleatoriamente al ordeño del cordón umbilical o al pinzamiento retrasado del cordón. Las tasas de hemorragia intraventricular grave (sangrado dentro del cerebro) y/o muerte no difirieron significativamente entre los dos grupos (solo un poco más del 1 %). Además, las tasas de hemorragia intraventricular general también fueron similares entre los grupos (aproximadamente el 12 %). Los investigadores harán un seguimiento de todos los bebés del estudio durante dos años para observar los resultados a más largo plazo.

QUIÉN:
La Dra. Nahida Chakhtoura, jefa de la sección de Embarazo y Perinatología del NICHD, está disponible para hacer comentarios.

ARTÍCULO:
Katheria, Ordeño del cordón umbilical vs. pinzamiento retrasado del cordón en bebés de 28 a 32 semanas:
un ensayo aleatorio. Pediatrics.2023.

Acerca del Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health nd Human Development (NICHD): El NICHD lidera la investigación y la capacitación para comprender el desarrollo humano, mejorar la salud reproductiva, mejorar la vida de los niños y adolescentes y optimizar las capacidades de todos. Para obtener más información, visite https://www.nichd.nih.gov.

Acerca de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIH): Los NIH, la agencia de investigación médica del país, incluyen 27 institutos y centros y forman parte del Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de EE. UU. NIH es la principal agencia federal que lleva a cabo y apoya la investigación médica básica, clínica y traslacional, e investiga las causas, tratamientos y curas tanto de enfermedades comunes como de enfermedades raras. Para obtener más información sobre NIH y sus programas, visite https://www.nih.gov.

FUENTE Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

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