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Es probable que el crecimiento del PIB de China en 2021 alcance el 8 %: Informe del centro de pensamiento de PHBS
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News provided by

Peking University HSBC Business School

Jan 06, 2022, 09:59 ET

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SHENZHEN, China, 6 de enero de 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- La tasa de crecimiento del PIB de China en 2021 será probablemente del 8 %, con un crecimiento proyectado del 3,7 % en el cuarto trimestre, según un informe publicado recientemente por la Universidad de Pekín y el centro de pensamiento de HSBC Business School (PHBS). Si bien China fue la única economía importante en registrar crecimiento en 2020, ha estado enfrentando diversos desafíos para su expansión en 2021 y la economía real sigue siendo lenta, según el informe.

El centro de pensamiento de PHBS observa que la presión a la baja en la economía real de China permanece alta en el cuarto trimestre, lo que apunta a un consumo débil, una disminución significativa de la inversión en infraestructura y bienes raíces, y una presión ascendente del IPC. Dado que los precios de algunas materias primas de fase inicial siguen altos, el aumento de los precios ha comenzado a transmitirse a los productos de fase media y final.

Según el centro de pensamiento de PHBS, se espera que la tasa anual de crecimiento del PIB de China sea del 5,0 % en 2022 debido a la presión triple causada por la contracción de la demanda, las conmociones en la oferta y el debilitamiento de las expectativas. Se espera que la desaceleración del mercado inmobiliario y el consumo sigan actuando como factores desfavorables para el crecimiento de la segunda economía más grande del mundo. Con base en su modelo de equilibrio general dinámico estocástico (EGDE), el centro de pensamiento estima que una disminución del 10 % en la inversión inmobiliaria llevará a una disminución del 2,1 % en el crecimiento del PIB, lo que causará la pérdida de 6,85 millones de puestos de trabajo en los sectores relacionados.

Debido a que la variante ómicron, las constantes interrupciones en la cadena de suministro y las presiones inflacionarias están limitando la recuperación de la economía global tras la pandemia, se espera que algunos de los factores que apoyan las exportaciones de China se debiliten en 2022. El informe incluye los resultados previstos de que la contribución del consumo, la inversión y las exportaciones netas al PIB de China será de 1,9, 1,7 y 1,4 puntos porcentuales, respectivamente.

El centro de pensamiento de PHBS advierte que es necesario implementar políticas más proactivas en 2022. Sugiere que el gobierno fortalezca la política fiscal para aumentar el consumo interno y la inversión en infraestructura, además de garantizar el suministro de materias primas de fase inicial. Además, en el informe se llega a la conclusión de que se necesitan políticas eficaces de concesión de préstamos y financiamiento para evitar el duro aterrizaje de la industria inmobiliaria.

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