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IMD Business School divulga o ranking do Anuário Mundial de Competitividade de 2014

Os EUA lideram, a Europa se recupera e grandes mercados emergentes lutam para melhorar


News provided by

IMD International

May 21, 2014, 11:01 ET

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LAUSANNE, Suíça, 22 de maio de 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- O IMD, uma das melhores escolas de negócios do mundo, sediada na Suíça, divulgou hoje seu ranking anual de competitividade em nível mundial. Como parte do ranking de 60 economias em 2014, o IMD World Competitiveness Center (Centro Mundial de Competitividade do IMD) também examina as percepções de cada país como um lugar para se fazer negócios.

"A história da competitividade geral de 2014 registra um sucesso continuado nos EUA, uma recuperação parcial na Europa e de lutas para melhorar em alguns mercados emergentes", disse o diretor do IMD World Competitiveness Center, professor Arturo Bris. "Não há uma receita única para um país subir nos rankings de competitividade e muito depende de contexto local", afirmou.

Destaques do ranking de 2014

Os EUA retiveram o primeiro lugar em 2014, refletindo a resiliência de sua economia, melhores números de emprego e seu domínio em tecnologia e infraestrutura.

Não há grandes mudanças entre os dez primeiros lugares. Pequenas economias, como a da Suíça (2), Cingapura (3) e Hong Kong (4), continuaram a prosperar, graças às exportações e à eficiência empresarial e à inovação.

A Europa se saiu melhor do que no ano passado, graças a sua recuperação gradual da economia. A Dinamarca (9) ingressou no grupo das dez melhores economias, se juntando à Suíça, Suécia (5), Alemanha (6) e Noruega (10). Entre as economias periféricas da Europa, a Irlanda (15), Espanha (39) e Portugal (43) melhoraram suas posições, enquanto a Itália (46) e Grécia (57) pioraram.

O Japão (21) continua a subir nos rankings, ajudado por uma moeda mais fraca, o que tem melhorado sua competitividade no exterior. Na Ásia, a Malásia (12) e a Indonésia (37) subiram de posições, enquanto a Tailândia (29) caiu, em meio às incertezas políticas.

A maioria dos grandes mercados emergentes declinou nos rankings, porque o crescimento econômico e os investimentos estrangeiros desaceleraram e a infraestrutura permanece inadequada. A China (23) caiu, devido, principalmente, a preocupações sobre o ambiente empresarial, enquanto a Índia (44) e o Brasil (54) sofrem com mercados de trabalho ineficientes e administração de negócios ineficaz. A Turquia (40), o México (41), as Filipinas (42) e o Peru (50) também caíram.

Uma questão de percepção: imagens dos países no exterior

Sete entre os 10 países mais bem posicionados no ranking geral de 2014 também estão entre os 10 com melhores imagens no exterior, o que encoraja o desenvolvimento de negócios, de acordo com uma pesquisa do IMD com executivos baseados em cada um desses países. Em geral, há uma forte correlação entre o ranking de competitividade geral de um país e sua imagem internacional como um lugar para se fazer negócios (ver tabela).

Os executivos de Cingapura são os mais obstinados sobre a imagem de seu país no exterior, enquanto os da Irlanda, Chile, Catar e Coreia do Sul estão muito melhores nesse critério do que no ranking em geral.

Em contraste, executivos dos EUA, França, Taiwan e Polônia estão muito mais pessimistas sobre a imagem internacional de seus países. Os resultados nos EUA podem refletir os conflitos internacionais e a paralisia política, domesticamente, enquanto as percepções da França continuam a ser pintadas por reformas vagarosas e as atitudes negativas do país em relação à globalização.

"Enquanto o desempenho econômico muda de um ano para outro, as percepções são mais de longo prazo e mudam mais gradualmente. Elas podem também levar a uma boa reação em cadeia de melhor imagem com melhor desempenho econômico", disse Bris. "Assim, como os executivos sentem que seu país está sendo percebido é um guia potencialmente útil para desenvolvimentos futuros de competitividade", afirmou.

O ranking do Anuário Mundial de Competitividade (World Competitiveness Yearbook) do IMD reflete mais de 300 critérios, baseados em indicadores estatísticos e em uma pesquisa do IMD com 4.300 executivos internacionais. Publicado desde 1989, o Anuário Mundial de Competitividade é reconhecido como o principal relatório anual sobre a competitividade das nações.

CONTATO

Matthew Mortellaro, +41-21-618-0352 [email protected] 

FONTE IMD International

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