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Las pérdidas del desastre de Chernóbil serán de unos 180.000 millones de dólares estadounidenses en 2015
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Worldwide News Ukraine

Apr 27, 2013, 08:00 ET

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KIEV, Ucrania, April 27, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --

- Las pérdidas del desastre de Chernóbil se aproximarán a los 180.000 millones de dólares estadounidenses para el año 2015 según el presidente de Ucrania

Con el fin de minimizar las pérdidas económicas del desastre, que podrían llegar a los 180.000 millones de dólares estadounidenses para el año 2015, es importante llegar a un programa de desarrollo completo para las regiones afectadas por la explosión de la central energética nuclear de Chernóbil en el año 1986. Esta es la declaración que realizó el presidente de Ucrania, Viktor Yanukovych, durante su visita a la planta de Chernóbil en el 27 aniversario del desastre nuclear. La construcción de un aislamiento nuevo y más seguro es uno de los aspectos centrales de la conversión de la zona en un área ecológicamente segura, reiteró el presidente Yanukovych.

En la central de energía nuclear de Chernóbil hay trabajando unas 2.700 personas a pesar del hecho de que el último reactor se apagó en el año 2000. El Parlamento de Ucrania adoptó un programa de decomisionado de planta, que incluía cuatro fases: extracción del combustible nuclear (2010-2013), conservación de los sistemas del reactor (2013-2022), descenso de la radioactividad de los sistemas (2022-2045) y desmantelamiento de los mismos (2045-2065).

El 26 de abril de 2013, el Primer Ministro de Ucrania, Mykola Azarov, informó que los trabajos del aislamiento nuevo y seguro para el cuarto reactor de la planta de Chernóbil estaban en marcha, y que se terminarían en el año 2015. El proyecto del aislamiento nuevo y seguro, que cuenta con el apoyo de más de 40 naciones donantes, dispone de los fondos del Chornobyl Shelter Fund, creado en diciembre de 1997.

En la actualidad, el reactor está integrado en el sarcófago original, construido de forma apresurada al tiempo que los bomberos y trabajadores del equipo de rescate apagaban el incendio del reactor. Se usaron más de 400.000 m3 de hormigón y 7.300 toneladas de metal para encerrar las toneladas de uranio, plutonio, corio radioactivo y polvo contaminado. Arriesgando su salud y sus vidas, unas 600.000 personas participaron en las labores de rescate de Chernóbil durante un periodo de siete años después del desastre.

Como resultado de la explosión en el cuarto reactor de la central energética nuclear de Chernóbil, situada a unos 100 kilómetros al norte de Kiev, la capital de Ucrania, las sustancias radioactivas contaminaron un área de unos 145.000 kilómetros cuadrados, incluyendo los territorios de Ucrania, Bielorrusia y Rusia. Casi 5 millones de personas se vieron afectadas por el desastre. El área, con un radio de 30 kilómetros en torno a la central, oficialmente sigue estando inhabitada.

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