HOUSTON, Sept. 4, 2013 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- During September, Houston area residents might notice a large white and blue airplane flying at low altitude occasionally making low spirals. You might be able to see the NASA logo on the aircraft tail.
(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20081007/38461LOGO )
The 117-foot-long NASA P-3B research aircraft is equipped with instruments studying air pollution as part of a mission to help scientists better understand how to measure and forecast air quality from space.
Starting Sept. 4, NASA will conduct the field study throughout September, based at NASA Johnson Space Center's Ellington Field. The four-engine P-3B turboprop from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va., will carry eight instruments. A two-engine B200 King Air aircraft from NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., will carry two instruments.
The flights are part of NASA's larger, five-year Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) study, which uses a network of observations including high-flying aircraft and ground sites.
Researchers are working to improve the ability of satellites to consistently observe air quality in the lowest part of the atmosphere. If scientists can better observe pollution from space, they will be able to improve air quality forecasts and better, determine where pollution is coming from and why emissions vary. A fundamental challenge for space-based instruments monitoring air quality is to distinguish between pollution high in the atmosphere and pollution near the surface.
"DISCOVER-AQ is collecting data that will prepare us to make better observations from space, as well as determine the best mix of observations to have at the surface when we have new satellite instruments in geostationary orbit," said NASA Langley's James Crawford, the mission's principal investigator. "NASA is planning to launch such an instrument, called TEMPO, in 2019."
Because many countries, including the U.S., have large gaps in ground-based networks of air pollution monitors, experts hope satellites can provide a more complete geographic perspective on the distribution of pollutants.
A fleet of Earth-observing satellites, called the Afternoon Constellation or "A-train," will pass over the DISCOVER-AQ study area early each afternoon. The satellites' data, especially from NASA's Aqua and Aura spacecraft, will allow scientists to compare the view from space with that from the ground and aircraft.
"It's been useful in giving us a broader view of air pollution than we've ever had before," said Kenneth Pickering, DISCOVER-AQ project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "DISCOVER-AQ will help scientists interpret that data to improve air-quality analysis and regional air quality models."
The DISCOVER-AQ mission is a partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Academic partners include the National Center for Atmospheric Research; the University of Maryland in College Park and Baltimore County; University of Colorado, Boulder; University of California-Berkeley; Pennsylvania State University, State College; University of Innsbruck in Austria; and Millersville University, Millersville, Penn.
Texas partners for the Houston campaign include the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, the City of Houston, University of Houston, University of Texas, Rice University, Baylor University, and Aerodyne Research Inc.
DISCOVER-AQ is an Earth Venture mission, part of the Earth System Science Pathfinder program managed at Langley for the Earth Science Division of NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
For a description and map of the flight paths, visit:
For a photo of the DISCOVER-AQ aircraft, visit:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/larc-science/8475283125/in/set-72157632528954391
For more information about DISCOVER-AQ, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/discover-aq/
SOURCE NASA
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