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Neue Technologien stellen laut neuem SIPRI-Bericht eine Herausforderung für die Rüstungskontrolle im Bereich biologischer Waffen dar
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News provided by

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

Mar 14, 2019, 05:00 ET

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BERLIN und STOCKHOLM, 14. März 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Fortschritte bei additiven Herstellungsverfahren, künstlicher Intelligenz und Robotik könnten die Möglichkeiten zur Entwicklung, Produktion und Anwendung von biologischen Waffen ausweiten. Die bestehenden Maßnahmen der Rüstungskontrolle und Nichtverbreitung im Bereich der biologischen Waffen müssen angepasst werden, um diesen Sicherheitsrisiken zu begegnen – so ein neuer Bericht des Stockholmer Friedensforschungsinstitut SIPRI.

Der SIPRI-Bericht „Bio Plus X: Arms Control and the Convergence of Biology and Emerging Technologies" wird am 15. März 2019 im Rahmen der internationalen Konferenz „2019. Capturing technology. Rethinking arms control" im Auswärtigen Amt in Berlin vorgestellt.

Neue Technologien könnten die Entwicklung, Produktion und Anwendung von biologischen Waffen erleichtern

Der Bericht untersucht die Risiken und Herausforderungen, welche sich durch die Interaktion von biotechnologischen Entwicklungen und Fortschritten in drei aufkommenden Technologien ergeben: additive Herstellungsverfahren (sogenannter 3D-Druck), künstliche Intelligenz und Robotik. „Jede dieser Technologien könnte auf ihre eigene Weise die Entwicklung, Produktion und Anwendung von biologischen Waffen erleichtern und sie noch gefährlicher machen", so Kolja Brockmann, Researcher bei SIPRI und Hauptautor des Berichts. „Der vermehrte Einsatz von Robotern in Laboren könnte zu einem signifikanten Produktivitätsgewinn während des Entwicklungs-, Bau- und Test-Zyklus biologischer Waffen führen. Künstliche Intelligenz hingegen könnte eingesetzt werden, um neue Wege zur Optimierung der Übertragbarkeit oder Virulenz eines biologischen Wirkstoffs zu finden", erklärt Dr. Vincent Boulanin, Senior Researcher zu neuen Technologien bei SIPRI.

Die Regulierungsebenen müssen gestärkt und neu ausgerichtet werden

Alle drei Technologien sind schwierig zu kontrollieren, vor allem aufgrund ihrer Digitalisierung und ihrer Verwendbarkeit sowohl für zivile als auch militärische Zwecke. „Eine der wichtigsten Herausforderungen für eine effektive Kontrolle biologischer Waffen, ist, dass internationale Verträge und institutionelle Strukturen in Ministerien und staatlichen Behörden oft nicht mehr den heutigen technischen Realitäten entsprechen", meint Dr. Sibylle Bauer, Direktorin des SIPRI-Programms zu Rüstung und Abrüstung.

Neue Handlungsempfehlungen könnten zur Lösung der Regulierungsprobleme beitragen

Der Bericht empfiehlt, dass nationale Regierungen auf systematischere Weise die Entwicklungen in Wissenschaft und Technik verfolgen und beurteilen sollten, um die Herausforderungen für die Rüstungskontrolle in Angriff zu nehmen, die durch neue Technologien entstehen. Dabei sollten auch die internationalen Bemühungen zur Förderung der Sensibilisierung für verantwortungsvolle Wissenschaft und Biosicherheit gestärkt werden. Zusätzlich mahnt der Bericht an, dass die Privatwirtschaft die Selbstregulierung und Compliance-Standards verstärken sollte.

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
www.sipri.org 

Kontakt: 
Alexandra Manolache
[email protected]  
+46-766-286-133

Stephanie Blenckner
[email protected]  
+46-8-655-97-47

Related Links

http://www.sipri.org

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