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Nuove argomentazioni scientifiche a favore dell'uso industriale delle colture alimentari


News provided by

European Bioplastics

Aug 13, 2013, 06:00 ET

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BERLINO, August 13, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --

- Scelta delle materie prime che dipende esclusivamente dall'efficienza e dalla sostenibilità

L'Istituto Nova ha recentemente pubblicato un saggio sull'uso delle materie prime di natura vegetale nelle applicazioni industriali, ed ha chiarito l'attuale polemico dibattito relativo all'uso industriale delle colture alimentari, chiamate anche materie prime di prima generazione. Gli esiti principali sottolineano come l'efficienza e la sostenibilità, valutate caso per caso, debbano essere i criteri esclusivi di giudizio quando si deve scegliere quali materie prime usare. Inoltre, l'Istituto ribadisce che la vera questione riguarda la disponibilità del terreno per la crescita di biomassa a fini diversi.

     (Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130813/633945-INFO )
 

Il saggio si basa su studi che hanno evidenziato come, perfino dopo aver soddisfatto la domanda di cibo della popolazione mondiale in rapida crescita, una quantità sufficiente di terreno arabile rimarrebbe disponibile per fini non alimentari. L'utilizzo migliore di queste aree può avvenire prendendo in considerazione l'efficienza del terreno di colture diverse. Gli studi dimostrano che molte colture alimentari sono più efficienti, dal punto di vista del terreno, delle colture non alimentari. In base al saggio in oggetto, tali colture richiedono terreni di dimensioni inferiori per produrre la stessa quantità di zucchero fermentescibile (impiegato comunemente nei processi biotecnologici), rispetto alle colture non alimentari o alle materie prime di seconda generazione (come le lignocellulose).

"L'efficienza e la sostenibilità devono essere i criteri guida nella selezione di materie prime rinnovabili a fini industriali, come la produzione di bioplastica," ha affermato Hasso von Pogrell, Managing Director di European Bioplastics, che considera il saggio un valido contributo alla discussione. "Qualora il settore trascurasse l'uso di materie prime di prima generazione in questo momento, ciò costituirebbe un disservizio nei confronti della società e dell'ambiente," ha aggiunto. "Oltre a dimostrare attualmente una maggiore efficienza, l'impiego di colture alimentari a fini industriali offre di fatto un vantaggio ulteriore in un momento di crisi alimentare, in quanto queste colture potrebbero essere riassegnate ad usi alimentari".

European Bioplastics è favorevole alla promozione dell'uso di materie prime di seconda o perfino terza generazione a fini industriali. Tuttavia, fintantoché le colture alimentari continueranno, in molti casi, a rappresentare la materia prima di gran lunga più efficiente, screditarne l'uso sarebbe fuorviante e rappresenterebbe un passo nella direzione sbagliata, per quanto riguarda il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di sostenibilità della Commissione Europea. "Questa discussione, spesso molto emotiva, deve essere guidata in una direzione più basata sui fatti," ha continuato von Pogrell. "Soltanto il due percento dell'area agricola internazionale è effettivamente usata per la crescita di materie prime per la produzione di materiali, mentre soltanto lo 0,006% è usato per la produzione di bioplastica, rispetto al 98% usato per il cibo, il foraggio e i pascoli," ha concluso.

Questi risultati fanno eco alle conclusioni raggiunte da uno studio di recente pubblicazione della World Bank, in base al quale l'aumento del costo degli alimenti è ampiamente influenzato dal prezzo del petrolio. I biocombustibili e, di conseguenza, la bioplastica, non rappresentano un fattore rilevante in questa equazione. Lo studio ha esaminato beni alimentari come il mais, il grano, il riso, i fagioli di soia e l'olio di palma, ed ha confrontato i prezzi dei beni ai prezzi dell'energia, ai tassi di cambio, ai tassi di interesse, all'inflazione, al reddito e al rapporto di utilizzazione in comune, per stabilire quali di questi fattori chiave abbia il maggiore impatto sui prezzi degli alimenti.

Per ulteriori informazioni, fare riferimento all'opuscolo "fatti e cifre" di European Bioplastics reperibile sul sito web http://ots.de/5uDDQ

Informazioni sull'uso del terreno sono anche presentate sotto forma di grafico stampabile sul sito web.

http://en.european-bioplastics.org/download/labelling/EuBP_Land_use_2013.jpg

Il saggio dell'Istituto Nova dal titolo "Cibo o non cibo: quali materie prime di natura vegetale sono ideali per gli usi industriali?" è disponibile sul sito web http://www.bio-based.eu/policy/index.php

European Bioplastics è un'associazione che rappresenta gli interessi del settore bioplastico in Europa lungo l'intera catena di valore. I suoi membri si occupano della produzione, della raffinazione e della distribuzione di bioplastica, ovvero di plastica di base biologica, biodegradabile o con entrambe le caratteristiche. Altre informazioni sono disponibili sul sito web http://www.european-bioplastics.org

Contatto per la stampa:                                                  

Kristy-Barbara Lange, Head of Communications, European Bioplastics, Marienstr. 19/20, 10117 Berlin, Tel.: +49(0)30-28482-356, Fax: +49(0)30-284-82-359, [email protected]

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