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O algoritmo da Cambridge Quantum resolve problemas de otimização de forma significativamente mais rápida, superando os métodos quânticos atuais
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Algoritmo de otimização combinatória inovador estabelece um novo padrão de computação quântica no centro da economia moderna


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Cambridge Quantum

Jul 22, 2021, 13:48 ET

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CAMBRIDGE, Inglaterra, 22 de julho de 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Com um desenvolvimento que provavelmente estabelecerá um novo padrão no setor, os cientistas da Cambridge Quantum (CQ) criaram um novo algoritmo para resolver problemas de otimização combinatória que são amplamente utilizados nas áreas comercial e industrial, como vendedores viajantes, roteirização de veículos ou programação de job shop, utilizando computadores quânticos de curto prazo.

Enigmas matemáticos como esses estão no centro de uma ampla gama de desafios de otimização do mundo real, como desenvolvimento de processos de fabricação, organização da carga de caminhões de entrega ou roteamento de aviões de passageiros. Como o nível de automação nas empresas globais modernas aumenta ano após ano, os algoritmos de otimização executados até mesmo nos computadores convencionais mais potentes são forçados a trocar precisão por velocidade.

Nesse artigo publicado no repositório pré-impresso arXiv, cientistas da CQ apresentam o Filtering Variational Quantum Eigensolver (F-VQE) para tornar a otimização combinatória mais eficiente. Utilizando o computador quântico Honeywell System Model H1, a nova abordagem superou os algoritmos "padrão ouro" existentes, como o Algoritmo de Otimização Quântica Aproximada (QAOA) e o VQE original, conseguindo uma boa solução de dez a cem vezes mais rápida.

O artigo é de autoria da equipe de pesquisa da CQ, que é formada por Michael Lubasch, Ph.D., David Amaro, Ph.D., Carlo Modica, Ph.D., Matthias Rosenkranz, Ph.D. e Marcello Benedetti, Ph.D. Os cientistas fazem parte da equipe de aprendizado de máquina e algoritmos quânticos da CQ liderada pelo Dr. Mattia Fiorentini.

O F-VQE utiliza um método publicado nesse artigo da CQ de setembro de 2020, que demonstrou como um circuito quântico pode ser decomposto em circuitos menores e funcionar usando menos qubits sem perder vantagem quântica. Como resultado, um problema de 23 qubit foi resolvido utilizando apenas seis qubits de hardware ao mesmo tempo. Os cientistas da CQ também demonstraram que a nova abordagem é altamente adaptável para uso com máquinas quânticas de escala intermediária ruidosa (NISQ). Esses avanços aumentam a escala dos problemas de otimização que estão ao alcance dos computadores NISQ atuais.

"Nossos cientistas estão aprimorando uma variedade de métodos funcionais para os computadores quânticos atuais. Queremos que empresas e governos obtenham vantagem quântica para tarefas de uso geral mais rapidamente, e nossa experiência em trabalhar com grandes parceiros industriais facilita o profundo entendimento das necessidades dos médicos hoje", disse Fiorentini. "O F-VQE tem vantagens especiais em relação aos algoritmos quânticos anteriores: ele encontra boas soluções candidatas mais rapidamente e utiliza hardware quântico de forma muito mais eficiente. O F-VQE pode ter um impacto transformador, ajudando a resolver problemas antes muito complexos nas empresas e na indústria."

Ilyas Khan, CEO da CQ, disse: "Nossa equipe de cientistas se empenha incessantemente em preencher a lacuna entre os limites do mundo real da computação convencional e a vantagem quântica que estará disponível na era NISQ. Eles estão estabelecendo novos padrões na computação quântica, e suas pesquisas inspirarão um progresso ainda mais rápido."

Tony Uttley, presidente da Honeywell Quantum Solutions, disse: "Esse projeto ilustra os avanços interessantes que estão acontecendo na computação quântica. Ao desenvolver algoritmos que façam mais com menos qubits e executá-los no melhor hardware possível, estamos fazendo progressos significativos para resolver problemas do mundo real antes do que se esperava."

Sobre a Cambridge Quantum 

Fundada em 2014 e com o respaldo de algumas das principais empresas de computação quântica do mundo, a CQ é líder global em software quântico e algoritmos quânticos, possibilitando que seus clientes aproveitem o máximo dos hardwares de computação quântica, que estão em rápida evolução. A CQ tem escritórios na Europa, nos EUA e no Japão. Em 8 de junho de 2021, a CQ anunciou uma fusão com a Honeywell Quantum Solutions, que deverá ser concluída no terceiro trimestre de 2021. Para mais informações, visite a CQ em http://www.cambridgequantum.com e no LinkedIn. Acesse o módulo tket Python no GitHub.

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