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Рост ВВП Китая в 2021 году может достичь 8%: доклад аналитического центра PHBS
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News provided by

Peking University HSBC Business School

Jan 07, 2022, 07:13 ET

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ШЭНЬЧЖЭНЬ (Китай), 7 января 2022 г. /PRNewswire/ -- Согласно докладу, недавно опубликованному аналитическим центром HSBC Business School (PHBS) при Пекинском университете, темпы роста ВВП Китая за 2021 год, по всей вероятности, составят 8%, а за IV квартал — 3,7%. В том же докладе сообщается, что хотя в 2020 году Китай был единственной из крупнейших экономических держав, продемонстрировавшей рост, в 2021 году страна столкнулась с многочисленными трудностями на пути своего расширения, а реальная экономика по-прежнему находится в состоянии застоя.

По мнению аналитического центра PHBS, в четвертом квартале давление на реальную экономику Китая все еще остается высоким, что обусловлено слабым потреблением, значительным сокращением инвестиций в инфраструктуру и недвижимость, а также тенденцией к повышению ИПЦ. Поскольку цены на некоторые виды сырья верхних звеньев все еще находятся на высоких уровнях, рост цен начал переноситься на продукцию средних и нижних звеньев.

По данным аналитического центра PHBS, в связи с тройным давлением, обусловленным сокращением спроса, избытком предложения и ослаблением ожиданий, годовой темп роста ВВП Китая в 2022 году составит 5,0%. Как ожидается, снижение темпов роста рынка недвижимости и потребления на нем будет по-прежнему препятствовать росту второй по величине экономики мира. Основываясь на своей динамической стохастической модели общего равновесия (DSGE), аналитический центр считает, что сокращение инвестиций в недвижимость на 10% вызовет снижение роста ВВП на 2,1%, что приведет к потере 6,85 млн рабочих мест в смежных секторах.

Поскольку вариант омикрон, непрекращающиеся сбои в работе логистических цепей и инфляционное давление сдерживают восстановление мировой экономики от пандемии, некоторые факторы поддержки китайского экспорта предположительно будут ослаблены в 2022 году. В докладе содержится прогноз, согласно которому доли потребления, инвестиций и чистого экспорта в ВВП Китая составят 1,9, 1,7 и 1,4 процентных пункта соответственно.

Специалисты аналитического центра PHBS полагают, что в 2022 году необходимо внедрить более продуманные меры экономической политики. Правительству рекомендуется укрепить финансово-бюджетную политику в целях увеличения внутреннего потребления и инфраструктурных инвестиций и обеспечить предложение сырья в верхних звеньях. Кроме того, в докладе делается вывод о том, что во избежание резкого снижения показателей в секторе недвижимости необходимы эффективные меры в сфере кредитования и финансирования.

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