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Selon le FMI l'Ukraine affiche une amélioration, mais des défis subsistent


News provided by

Worldwide News Ukraine

Nov 05, 2013, 11:38 ET

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KIEV, Ukraine, November 5, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --

L'économie ukrainienne donne des signes de reprise, a déclaré le chef de la mission du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) en Ukraine, Nikolay Gueorguiev, dans un rapport faisant suite au travail de la mission à Kiev du 17 au 29 octobre, a rapporté Ukrinform. Toutefois, le rapport mentionne également les défis qui subsistent, notamment la flexibilité limitée du taux de change, le déficit budgétaire important et les pertes significatives dans le secteur de l'énergie. La principale faiblesse de l'Ukraine est son besoin de financement externe significatif.

Durant deux semaines, la mission a examiné la situation du pays d'Europe orientale et les membres de la mission se sont entretenus avec des représentants clés du gouvernement ainsi qu'avec des représentants du secteur privé et de la société civile. En conclusion, la mission a proposé une liste de recommandations et de réformes visant à stimuler l'économie, à améliorer le potentiel d'investissement et à accroître la productivité. Tout particulièrement, la mission a encouragé l'Ukraine à accroître la flexibilité du taux d'échange, à augmenter les tarifs de l'énergie intérieure et à introduire des réformes visant à améliorer le climat commercial.

La mission a fait remarquer une confiance accrue dans le système bancaire grâce au niveau moyen élevé du ratio d'adéquation des fonds propres et aux positions de change diminuées. Afin d'améliorer la situation, le FMI a recommandé d'effectuer des audits bancaires indépendants pour vérifier la qualité et l'adéquation de la classification des emprunts, du provisionnement et de la couverture bancaire, selon le site internet de l'organisme.

Le FMI a également proposé de réduire le personnel et les salaires dans le secteur public, de diminuer les subventions ainsi que les dépenses publiques pour les marchandises et services. En outre, la mission a conseillé l'augmentation des tarifs du gaz et du chauffage pour les ménages afin d'atteindre le niveau de recouvrement des coûts. Pour atténuer les conséquences de l'augmentation des tarifs sur les individus à faible revenu, la suggestion de la mission consiste à élargir l'assistance sociale prévue à environ 40 pour cent de la population.

Malgré les difficultés subsistantes, l'Ukraine se concentre sur des réformes et des améliorations depuis un bon moment. En octobre 2013, des experts de la Banque mondiale et de la Société financière internationale (SFI) ont reconnu les progrès remarquables enregistrés par l'Ukraine afin de faciliter les activités commerciales. L'Ukraine a avancé de 25 rangs depuis l'année dernière pour se classer maintenant en 112e position parmi 189 économies dans le rapport Doing Business 2014. L'Ukraine a mis en œuvre des réformes de la réglementation pour les entrepreneurs locaux dans huit des dix régions entre juin 2012 et juin 2013.

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