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Somente a ciência pode dar uma resposta exata sobre a origem do novo coronavírus
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News provided by

Science and Technology Daily

Apr 28, 2020, 14:02 ET

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PEQUIM, 28 de abril de 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Uma reportagem de Liu Haiying da Science and Technology Daily:

Em 20 de abril, o diretor geral da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus emitiu um alerta em uma coletiva de imprensa em Genebra, dizendo que a falta de solidariedade internacional está agravando a atual pandemia.

"Não aproveitem desse vírus como uma oportunidade para lutarem uns com os outros ou marcarem pontos na política. Isso é perigoso. É como brincar com fogo", ele disse, destacando que sem unidade nacional e solidariedade global, o pior ainda está "a frente de nós".

Durante toda a história da humanidade, vários vírus sempre se ocultaram. Apesar de o nível de ciência humana e tecnologias estar melhorando constantemente, algumas vezes ainda somos indefesos em face aos vírus. O surto da COVID-19 provou ser um feroz inimigo. É até raro uma vez em cada século surgir uma pandemia com disseminação tão rápida, ampla transmissão e impacto profundo.

De onde esse atual vírus veio? Por qual evolução ele passou? Todos querem saber as respostas. Apesar de que talvez não as tenhamos tão cedo, a verdade irá eventualmente se revelar.

Deixem os profissionais fazerem seu trabalho. Problemas científicos sempre necessitarão ser resolvidos por cientistas. Isso é bom senso. É por isso que o Gabinete de Ciência e Política Tecnológica da Casa Branca enviou uma carta para as Academias Nacionais de Ciências, Engenharia e Medicina (NASEM) tão cedo quanto fevereiro, requisitando que elas solicitassem rapidamente opiniões dos cientistas em relação à procura pela origem do vírus.

É responsabilidade dos cientistas buscarem pela origem do vírus, e isso não pode ser transferido para os outros. Ainda assim, os cientistas não são onipotentes e a pesquisa sobre a procura da origem do vírus não pode ser feita da noite para o dia.

O Dr. Richard Y. Zhao, membro da Academia Americana de Microbiologia e virologista na Universidade de Maryland, destacou que a pesquisa sobre a procura da origem do vírus é um desafio científico repleto de grande incerteza. Os cientistas precisam realizar uma pesquisa epidemiológica, análise genômica, análise (hospedeiro intermediário e hospedeiro natural) do hospedeiro e identificação, amostragem em campo, homologia, pesquisa em estirpes isoladas do vírus, e análise e identificação bioinformática final. Somente depois que todos esses passos forem completados eles podem rastrear de volta até a origem de um vírus.

Portanto, é justo dizer que a pesquisa sobre a procura da origem do vírus é um processo longo e demorado e os cientistas devem ter tempo suficiente para realizarem suas funções. Atualmente, há muitos cientistas em todo o mundo conduzindo pesquisas científicas sobre esse vírus, e a pesquisa sobre a procura da origem do vírus é, naturalmente, uma tarefa-chave. Mesmo assim, a pesquisa ainda está em seus estágios iniciais.

Existe uma recente atualização de uma significante realização de pesquisa: a COVID-19 não pode ser feita em laboratório, mas é um produto da evolução natural. É possível que esta seja uma seleção natural do vírus para hospedeiros humanos ou animais. Em 17 de março, as descobertas publicadas na revista Nature Medicine por seis cientistas dos Estados Unidos, Reino Unido e Austrália, incluindo W. Ian Lipkin, mundialmente renomado "caçador de vírus" e professor da Universidade Columbia e Kristian Andersen, professor associado de imunologia e microbiologia da Scripps Research, Robert F. Garry da Universidade Tulane e membro do Comitê Permanente Sobre Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Ameaças à Saúde do Século 21. Eles são considerados como autoridades em academia, portanto suas realizações sobre a procura da origem do vírus devem receber alta atenção.

Porém, há ainda um longo caminho a seguir em termos de procura pela origem do vírus a partir da perspectiva científica. As realizações atuais conhecidas do público ainda estão muito distantes da resposta verdadeira.

Na medida em que a pandemia global piora, é muito importante tomar medidas científicas e decisivas para prevenir e controlar o vírus com uma atitude científica. Explorar o vírus e a pandemia como ferramentas políticas não somente não ajuda a prevenção e o controle da pandemia, mas também será contraproducente, causando consequências mais sérias.

Por esse motivo, muitos cientistas de todo o mundo foram convocados a tratarem da pandemia com uma atitude científica, para promover demonstração científica, e para promover cooperação internacional. Na circunstância de que muitas atividades de pesquisa científica normais no mundo foram gravemente afetadas, a cooperação entre diferentes países, e seus cientistas, é ainda mais preciosa.

Conforme declarado na resposta da NASEM à solicitação do Gabinete de Ciência e Política Tecnológica da Casa Branca, a colaboração científica internacional, a qual já está ocorrendo, é mais importante do que nunca para tratar dessas questões sobre a pesquisa e superar desafios globais trazidos pela atual pandemia.

FONTE Science and Technology Daily

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