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Ukraine zahlt weltweit höchsten Gaspreis


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Worldwide News Ukraine

Jan 20, 2012, 00:23 ET

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KIEW, Ukraine, January 20, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --

Heute vor drei Jahren unterzeichneten die Ukraine und Russland den berühmt-berüchtigten Gas-Vertrag. Gemäß der durch die ehemalige Regierungschefin Julia Timoschenko getroffenen vertraglichen Vereinbarungen bezahlt die Ukraine derzeit für russisches Erdgas 516 US-Dollar pro tausend Kubikmeter - mehr als jedes andere europäische Land.

Ukrainische Politiker betonen immer wieder, welche enorme Belastung dieser Preis für die Wirtschaft des Landes darstellt. Trotz des beachtlichen Rabatts bezahlt die Ukraine jährlich etwa vier bis fünf Milliarden US-Dollar zu viel. Die ukrainische Parlamentsabgeordnete Inna Bogoslovskaya hat jüngst behauptet, dass die Ukraine seit Unterzeichnung des Gas-Vertrags mit Russland Haushaltseinbußen in Höhe von zwölf Milliarden US-Dollar verzeichnen musste. Expertenschätzungen zufolge hätte die Ukraine mit dieser Summe 44 Krankenhäuser bauen können.

Zum Vergleich: Das Vereinigte Königreich bezahlt lediglich 380 US-Dollar pro tausend Kubikmeter. Den Niederlanden werden 360 US-Dollar berechnet, während die USA 99 US-Dollar für Gas bezahlen.

2010 erhielt die Ukraine im Rahmen einer Vereinbarung, welche es der russischen Schwarzmeerflotte erlaubt, die Halbinsel Krim weiterhin als Stützpunkt zu nutzen, einen Nachlass von 100 US-Dollar. Dennoch muss das Land für 2012 fast 27 Prozent seines geschätzten Haushaltseinkommen für russisches Gas aufwenden.

Und das Problem ist nicht allein der Preis: Das im 2009 abgeschlossenen Vertrag vereinbarte "Take-or-Pay"-System verhindert es, dass die Ukraine weniger Gas kaufen kann, um Kosten zu sparen. Kürzlich gab die Ukraine ihre Absicht bekannt, dieses Jahr lediglich 27 Milliarden Kubikmeter Gas einzukaufen, anstelle der über 50 Milliarden im Jahr 2011. Russland besteht jedoch nach wie vor darauf, dass die Ukraine auch für das nicht abgenommene Gas bezahlt.

In Anbetracht der oben erwähnten Fakten erscheint das Vorhaben der ukrainischen Regierung, eine Herabsetzung der Gaspreise zu erreichen, angemessen. Doch während die Gazprom bereit war, die Gaspreise für Österreich, Frankreich, Deutschland, Italien und die Slowakei zu senken, gibt der staatliche russische Gasbetrieb der ukrainische Bitte um eine Reduzierung der Preise für Gasimporte nicht nach. Die Verhandlungen zwischen der Ukraine und Russland laufen nun bereits seit über 21 Monaten, und die Ukraine muss nach wie vor den hohen Preis für den bestehenden Vertrag bezahlen.

Da eine Überbezahlung für die ukrainische Wirtschaft derzeit nicht durchführbar scheint, überlegen ukrainische Regierungsvertreter, als letzte Instanz für die Durchsetzung fairer Preise internationale Gerichte einzuschalten. Selbst die EU hatte den Wunsch geäußert, die Gastransit-Verhandlungen zwischen der Ukraine und Russland zu unterstützen.

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