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Un nuevo estudio identifica un posible tratamiento para afrontar el mayor índice de partos prematuros entre las mujeres afroamericanas
  • USA - English

March of Dimes Foundation Logo

News provided by

March of Dimes

Mar 25, 2019, 14:11 ET

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ARLINGTON, Virginia, 25 de marzo de 2019 /PRNewswire-HISPANIC PR WIRE/ -- Puede que sea posible reducir el alto riesgo de parto prematuro entre las mujeres afroamericanas mediante ciertos factores inmunológicos y bacterianos en el microbioma del cuello uterino y la vagina que parecen modular este riesgo, según una nueva investigación publicada en Nature Communications. March of Dimes, la principal organización sin fines de lucro dedicada a la salud de madres y bebés, patrocinó el estudio de investigación en su Centro de Investigación de la Prematuridad de la Escuela de Medicina Perelman de University of Pennsylvania, el cual ayudó a sentar las bases para estos hallazgos recientemente reportados. 

"Si se confirma este estudio, podría significar que suplementar con factores inmunológicos y bacterianos combinados podría ayudar a superar las perturbadoras disparidades raciales en los nacimientos prematuros, en los cuales las mamás y los bebés afroamericanos son los que padecen más", dijo la Dra. Kelle H. Moley, MD, jefa de asuntos científicos en March of Dimes. "Esperamos que este método de diagnosticar y moderar el microbioma para crear un efecto protector se convierta en un nuevo tratamiento para las mujeres afroamericanas en el futuro inmediato".

Los comentarios de March of Dimes surgieron en respuesta al nuevo estudio de la Escuela de Medicina Perelman de University of Pennsylvania y la Escuela de Medicina de University of Maryland, que encontró que siete tipos de bacterias y ciertos factores inmunológicos en la vagina y el cuello del útero de la mujer podrían ser responsables de aumentar el riesgo de un parto prematuro espontáneo o de protegerse contra él. Los autores sugieren que esta información podría ayudar a los médicos a predecir mejor el nacimiento prematuro, especialmente para las mujeres afroamericanas en las primeras etapas del embarazo.

La publicación de hoy sigue a otros estudios mecanicistas sobre el microbioma vaginal y el parto prematuro realizados en el Centro de Investigación de la Prematuridad de March of Dimes de la Escuela de Medicina Perelman de University of Pennsylvania, en donde el autor principal, Michal Elovitz, MD, profesor de obstetricia y ginecología en Penn Medicine, también es coinvestigador.

"March of Dimes, la principal organización sin fines de lucro dedicada a la salud de madres y bebés, se complace en apoyar el trabajo del Centro de Investigación de la Prematuridad de March of Dimes en University of Pennsylvania, incluyendo el patrocinio de investigaciones que ayudaron a sentar las bases para estos últimos hallazgos", dijo la Dra. Moley.

Se conoce que la presencia o ausencia de ciertas bacterias en el cuello uterino y en el microbioma vaginal de una mujer –la comunidad de organismos tales como las bacterias y los virus que normalmente habitan en el cuerpo– afecta el riesgo de parto prematuro. Algunas bacterias están asociadas con un índice de nacimientos prematuros significativamente más alto entre las mujeres afroamericanas en los Estados Unidos.

El índice de nacimientos prematuros (definido como el nacimiento antes de las 37 semanas de embarazo) entre las mujeres negras en los Estados Unidos es un 49 por ciento más alto que el índice entre todas las demás mujeres. Más del 20 por ciento de los bebés prematuros nacen de mujeres negras, es decir, uno de cada cinco bebés estadounidenses. El nacimiento prematuro y sus complicaciones son el factor que más contribuye a la muerte en el primer año de vida en los Estados Unidos, y la causa principal de muerte entre los niños menores de 5 años en todo el mundo.

El estudio, titulado "La microbiota cervicovaginal y la respuesta inmunitaria local modulan el riesgo de parto prematuro espontáneo", por Michal A. Elovitz, Jacques Ravel, et al., apareció en la edición del 21 de marzo de Nature Communications. El estudio fue apoyado por el National Institute for Nursing Research (Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Enfermería) de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIH).

March of Dimes lidera la lucha por la salud de todas las madres y sus bebés. Apoyamos la investigación, dirigimos programas y proporcionamos educación y defensa para que cada bebé pueda tener el mejor comienzo posible. Basándonos en un exitoso legado de 80 años de impacto e innovación, empoderamos a cada madre y a cada familia. Visite marchofdimes.org o nacersano.org para obtener más información. Visite shareyourstory.org para recibir consuelo y apoyo. Búsquenos en Facebook y síganos en Instagram y Twitter.

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FUENTE March of Dimes

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