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Un Submarino de 8 millones de Tripulantes by Iway Magazine.


News provided by

IWay Magazine

Jun 17, 2016, 04:00 ET

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CIUDAD DE MÉXICO, 17 de junio de 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Pocas veces volteamos a ver las maravillas tecnológicas que nos rodean. Una de ellas es el metro de la ciudad de México, el cual cuando fue planeado en 1950, fue rechazado en repetidas ocasiones por lo costoso y complejo que era.

Excavar en el centro de la Ciudad de México significaba encontrarse con el antiguo lago de Texcoco a sólo 2 metros de profundidad; aunque casi seco, es altamente inestable.

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El tren tendría que circular por un túnel debajo del nivel del agua que podría inundarse en cualquier momento. Se agregaría mantener integro el túnel de concreto en la zona sísmica de la Ciudad de México como dificultad. Asimismo el túnel del metro podría hundirse lentamente o bien flotar hacia la superficie debido a la continua extracción de agua de los mantos acuíferos. Aunque se hundiera o flotara sólo unos centímetros por año, esto obligaría a hacer costosas nivelaciones.

Sin embargo, en 1967 la construcción del metro inicio con ayuda de un préstamo francés. La tecnología para crearlo ya existía, pero nunca antes se había usado en espacios tan estrechos como las calles del centro de la Ciudad de México.

Para controlar los taludes altamente inestables de terreno arcilloso, se usó la técnica de excavación de Muros Milán. Se hicieron zanjas de más de 20 metros de profundidad, se rellenaron con bentonita, que es un gel mineral que podía sostener las paredes de la excavación de 1 metro de grosor y 20 metros de profundidad, las cuales se reforzarían con una parrilla de acero.

Posteriormente el concreto se vaciaba en esta cavidad y se creaba un muro que al ir vaciando la excavación contenía la presión del terreno adjunto.

Esta era una operación muy delicada, pues a muy corta distancia había edificios de vivienda. Algunos de estos edificios como quedaría demostrado en el terremoto de 1985, padecían graves deficiencias estructurales. Sin embargo, no fueron daños durante las obras del metro. Finalmente después de todos los esfuerzos, el metro se logró construir.

Si usted tuviera que diseñar una línea del metro, podría hacerlo de manera rápida y sencilla con el curso en video de Cálculo de Excavaciones Profundas en Autodesk Robot SAP de Editorial Viadas. Con este curso podrá simular un sismo, una inundación y todos los posibles percances y escenarios antes de iniciar su obra para que ésta termine sin percances.

Vídeo: https://vzaar.com/videos/5980561

Más Información:

www.viadaseditorial.com

www.editorialviadastienda.com

For more information:
Mail: [email protected]  
http://iwaymagazine.com/  
Phone: 5343 0792

(Foto - http://www2.prnewswire.com.br/imgs/pub/2016-06-17/original/3126.jpg)

(Foto - http://www2.prnewswire.com.br/imgs/pub/2016-06-17/original/3127.jpg)

(Foto - http://www2.prnewswire.com.br/imgs/pub/2016-06-17/original/3128.jpg)

FUENTE IWay Magazine

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