Vitamin D and Calcium Supplements Do Not Improve Menopausal Symptoms

PORTLAND, Ore., June 1, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Women who took vitamin D and calcium supplements had the same number of menopausal symptoms as women who did not take the supplements, according to a study published today in Maturitas, the official journal of the European Menopause and Andropause Society.

The study, which involved 34,157 women ages 50-79, is part of the Women's Health Initiative, one of the largest clinical trials ever undertaken to address the most common causes of death, disability and impaired quality of life in menopausal women.

"Our study suggests that women should not rely on vitamin D and calcium supplements to relieve menopausal symptoms, but there are important caveats," said Erin S. LeBlanc, MD, MPH, lead author and investigator with the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research in Portland, Oregon. "The average age of the women at the start of our study was 64, but the average age of menopause is 51, and it's around that time that the most severe symptoms usually occur.

"If we want to understand vitamin D's effects on the most severe symptoms of menopause, we need to do a study in younger women," added Dr. LeBlanc.

For this study, researchers followed the women for an average of 5.7 years, from the mid-1990s to 2005, and asked them about more than 20 menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes, emotional well-being, fatigue and sleep disturbances. All women in the study were menopausal, which is defined as not having had a period for over a year. While symptoms tend to be most acute in a woman's early 50's, they can last for more than a decade. 

Study participants were enrolled via 40 clinical trial sites throughout the United States, where they had yearly office visits and filled out extensive health questionnaires at the beginning and end of the study.

Half of the women took daily calcium/vitamin D supplements; the other half received placebo pills. Over the course of the study, women in the intervention experienced an average of 6.26 menopausal symptoms compared to an average of 6.32 symptoms for women who received the placebo pills. There were also no differences on overall measures of emotional well-being, fatigue and sleep disturbances between the two groups. 

This study builds on earlier work by Dr. LeBlanc, which found no significant connection between menopausal symptoms and low levels of vitamin D in women's blood. That study was published in Menopause in 2014.

Dr. LeBlanc has conducted extensive research on vitamin D, including a study that found the potency of over-the-counter vitamin D can vary widely, and an evidence review for the US Preventive Services Task Force that examined screening for vitamin D deficiency.  

In addition to Dr. LeBlanc, authors of the current study are: Nancy Perrin, PhD, from the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research in Portland, Oregon; Haley Hedlin, PhD, FeiFei Qin, MPH, Manisha Desai, PhD, and Marcia L. Stefanick, PhD, from Stanford University in Palo Alto, California; Jean Wactawski-Wende, PhD, from the University of Buffalo in New York; JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH, from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston; Karen C. Johnson, MD, MPH, and Frances A. Tylavsky, DrPH, from the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis; and Kamal Masaki, MD, from the University of Hawaii in Honolulu.

Funding for the study came from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. (HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C)

About the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
The Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, founded in 1964, is a nonprofit research institution dedicated to advancing knowledge to improve health. It has research sites in Portland, Oregon, and Honolulu. Find out more at www.kpchr.org.

About Kaiser Permanente
Kaiser Permanente is committed to helping shape the future of health care. We are recognized as one of America's leading health care providers and not-for-profit health plans. Founded in 1945, Kaiser Permanente has a mission to provide high-quality, affordable health care services and to improve the health of our members and the communities we serve. We currently serve more than 10 million members in eight states and the District of Columbia. Care for members and patients is focused on their total health and guided by their personal physicians, specialists and team of caregivers. Our expert and caring medical teams are empowered and supported by industry-leading technology advances and tools for health promotion, disease prevention, state-of-the-art care delivery and world-class chronic disease management. Kaiser Permanente is dedicated to care innovations, clinical research, health education and the support of community health. For more information, go to kp.org/share.

For more information, contact:
Navneet Miller, [email protected], 415.262.5972
Mary Sawyers, [email protected], 503.335.6602

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SOURCE Kaiser Permanente