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新报告强调了退役女兵在退役后面临的特殊挑战
  • USA - English
  • USA - Traditional Chinese
  • USA - español

Wounded Warrior Project(R)

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Wounded Warrior Project

Sep 20, 2023, 22:35 ET

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~ Wounded Warrior Project《2023 年女兵报告》强调了一直存在的性别差异,并提出了政策和研究解决方案 ~

华盛顿2023年9月20日 /美通社/ -- Wounded Warrior Project®(WWP) 今日发布了 《2023 年女兵报告》,该报告强调了退役女兵在退役后所面临的特殊经历和挑战,其中包括与退役男兵相比,退役女兵在获得医疗服务以及重返平民生活的过程中更加艰难。

WWP 是一个致力于提高受伤军人生活质量的组织,其发布该报告是为了帮助决策者为退役女兵提供更加充分的支持。调查者根据与女兵进行的九次焦点小组讨论中的定性数据,以及 WWP 2022 年度士兵调查中的定量数据,得出了该报告所述的结论。

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Wounded Warrior Project 发布 2023 年《女兵报告》
Wounded Warrior Project 发布 2023 年《女兵报告》
Wounded Warrior Project 发布 2023 年《女兵报告》
Wounded Warrior Project 发布 2023 年《女兵报告》

该报告全面描绘了女兵退役后必须面对的现实环境,包括退役男兵与女兵之间持续存在的差异,重点关注了五个关键领域:

  • 获得医疗
  • 财务健康
  • 心理健康
  • 退伍转业
  • 社交健康

报告还包括其他来源的数据,涉及女性必须应对和克服的挑战,包括军内性侵创伤、接触毒素、身体健康和慢性疼痛。

WWP 首席项目官 Jen Silva 表示:"需要我们集中精力解决的问题并不只有一个,女兵在整体健康和身心健康方面面临着各种特殊挑战,而这些问题都是相互关联的。" "这些发现尤其令人担忧,因为退役女兵是退役军人中增长最快的群体,而作为一个国家,要满足她们的需求任重而道远。"

报告提出了一系列重要建议,供国会、退伍军人事务部 (VA)、志愿服务组织和其他机构开展更多研究并制定新政策,以为女兵提供进一步的支持。Silva 补充道:"WWP 的目的不仅仅是公布这些数据,而是希望提供解决方案。" "这份报告以全面综合的方式指明了前进的方向,强调了加强合作和统一行动以支持退役女兵群体的必要性。"

南卡罗来纳州众议员 Nancy Mace (R-SC) 表示:"Wounded Warrior Project 的《2023 年女兵报告》揭示了退役女兵在退役后面临的严峻挑战。" "这些勇敢的女性为国家做出了巨大牺牲,但在向平民生活过渡的过程中,她们往往会遇到特殊的障碍。我们有责任确保她们得到应有的支持。通过提供全面的支持系统、医疗服务、教育机会和职业资源,我们可以使这些杰出的退伍军人能够掌控自己的生活,让她们在服役期满后仍能持续发展。在接下来的几个月中,我们将致力于与 Wounded Warrior Project 和其他利益相关者密切合作,制定有效的政策和计划,以提高退役女兵的地位和自主权。现在是我们向她们的牺牲表示敬意的时候了,我们要确保她们得到应有的照顾、资源和机会。"

尽管报告中提到了一些挑战,但女兵仍认为参军有很多益处并建议大家踊跃参军,其中包括一揽子福利计划,如《美国军人权利法案 (GI Bill)》中规定了退伍军人可享受教育福利;基于与其他军人的共同经历和联系而形成的更强大的社会网络;在拥有稳定经济来源的同时发展独立技能;以及能够在全国范围内旅行和流动,某些情况下甚至能前往国外。

Silva 表示:"这项研究表明,女兵的复原力和对创伤的反应比男兵更强,她们希望拥有强烈的认同感和社区归属感。"我们期待着与 Mace 等国会议员、退伍军人事务部和其他部门通力协作,根据报告中的建议推进政策提案和立法工作。"

主要发现

获得医疗

  • 女兵在退伍军人事务部内获得医疗服务时面临障碍。半数以上 (55.2%) 使用非退伍军人医疗服务提供者。报告显示,选择非退伍军人医疗服务提供者的最常见原因包括 "更容易获得医疗服务"、"预约时间更方便"和"医疗服务质量更好"。
  • 半数以上 (53%) 的 WWP 女兵表示,她们因身体受伤或出现问题而难以或推迟接收所需的医疗服务,这一比例高于男兵 (42%)。

财务健康

  • 尽管接受高等教育的比例较高,但女兵的失业率 (10%) 高于男兵 (6%)。
  • 65% 的女兵在过去 12 个月中没有足够的资金来维持生计。

心理健康

  • 与男兵相比,WWP 女兵更有可能出现中重度创伤后应激障碍 (50.7%)、抑郁 (58.7%) 和焦虑 (49.3%) 症状。
  • 女兵的自杀念头出现率 (29.1%) 和至少一次自杀未遂发生率 (33.2%) 均高于男兵。

退伍转业

  • 在焦点小组中,退伍女兵们谈到了:退役女兵和退役男兵在观念上的差异,缺乏对转业的支持和准备,以及军旅生涯对其心理/生理准备和平民生活准备的影响。
  • 与同等的退伍男兵相比,WWP 女兵认为她们受到了不良的看法或评价。例如,有时其他人会因为她们是女性,而不在家中把她们视作军人。

社交健康

  • 据报告,女兵的孤独程度 (73%) 明显高于男兵 (64.9%)。
  • 据报告,退役女兵的身份严重影响了她们的社交健康,她们常常把军人朋友和平民朋友分开,不与平民朋友谈论从军经历。

《2023 年女兵报告》的数据来自 2022 年 6 月至 8 月的 WWP 2022 年度士兵调查,这项调查研究了在 WWP 登记的 9/11 事件后负伤、生病和受伤的退伍军人(简称"士兵")。有关调查方法的更多信息,请点击 此处。

###

关于 Wounded Warrior Project
自 2003 年以来,Wounded Warrior Project® (WWP) 一直致力于满足战士、其家人和护理人员日益增长的需求,帮助他们实现自己的最高志向。了解更多内容。

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