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报告显示有更多成人金融文盲,危及金融健康
  • USA - Traditional Chinese
  • USA - English
  • USA - español

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News provided by

TIAA Institute

Apr 12, 2022, 16:05 ET

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第6次年度P-Fin指数显示,金融文盲更可能遇到像难以维持生计、无法偿还债务这样的财务挑战。 

纽约2022年4月12日 /美通社/ -- 自2017年个人金融(P-Fin)指数的头一年起,这次美国的成人金融文盲人数比以往任何一年都多。P-Fin指数是由TIAA Institute和乔治华盛顿大学商学院的全球金融扫盲卓越中心(GFLEC)联合发起的项目。

P-Fin指数是基于28道题的问卷调查,成为金融扫盲的晴雨表。今年的主要研究结果包括:

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  • 平均来说,这些问题成人只答对了一半,这个难堪的数据丝毫没有任何进展。
  • 在本次问卷调查中,有23%的成人(比之前任何一年都多)答对的题不超过7道(共28道)。
  • 对风险认识这一块的基本常识还是回答不上来,只有约三分之一的问题回答正确。

2022年的指数是在一月份出炉的,包括来自四个种族人群、五代人的3500多份答卷。除了黑人和西班牙裔美国人外,2022年的P-Fin指数还首次采样了亚裔美国人。新数据显示,亚裔美国人和白人的金融知识水平趋于相等,两个群体都正确回答了约55%的问题。黑人和西班牙裔美国人都正确回答了约35%的问题。

TIAA Institute高级经济学家Paul Yakoboski表示:“虽然今年的个人财务指数令人担忧,但必须指出,系统性因素和问题使得太多美国人的经济竞争环境不平衡, 在我们为大家普及金融知识的时候,我们还了解到一些人口统计学上的差异(如年龄、总体教育水平和收入分配等),会有助于或有碍于人们对金融健康的实现。

按年龄对金融知识的测评显示,特别是那些刚成年的人金融知识非常少。Z世代和Y世代仅正确回答了调查问卷约45%的问题。

乔治华盛顿大学教授兼GFLEC学术总监Annamaria Lusardi表示:“美国成年人,特别是最弱势人口亚群,他们的金融知识水平一直很低,令人担忧。这些研究结果是在呼吁采取行动! 当下正是‘金融扫盲月’,我想邀请大家加入我们的行列,努力为所有人提高金融知识和金融福利。”

P-Fin指数强调金融扫盲对金融健康的重要性,该指数显示金融知识水平低的人(与非常高的人相比):

  • 有6倍的可能无法维持生计。
  • 有3倍的可能挣扎于债务。 
  • 有3倍的可能无法承受2000美元的财务冲击。 
  • 有4倍的可能一周要花10多个小时处理与个人财务相关的问题。

金融扫盲像控制其他因素(如收入)一样重要。总之,虽然不是一副灵丹妙药,但金融知识的不断提高可以促进金融实践的发展,从而能让即使资源平平或资源有限的人也能从中受益。

报告全文请见此处。

关于TIAA Institute
TIAA Institute帮助推动个人和机构为财务安全和组织效能制定计划的方式。该研究所进行深入研究,提供思想领袖网络的访问机会,并使其服务的人员能够预测趋势、规划未来战略并最大程度地增加成功机会。有关TIAA Institute的更多信息,请访问www.tiaainstitute.org。

关于TIAA
TIAA是一家领先的提供商,为数百万人和数千家机构提供安全退休和结果为主的投资解决方案。这是一家排名第一的非营利性退休市场提供商[1],在2020年向已退休客户支付了36亿多美元,管理的资产有1.4万亿美元(截至2021年12月31日)。[2]

关于GFLEC
全球财务知识卓越中心(GFLEC)致力于推进普及财务知识的研究和解决方案。本着这一使命,GFLEC将自己定位为全球领先的金融知识研究、政策和解决方案孵化机构。2011年,
GFLEC在华盛顿特区乔治华盛顿大学商学院启动。自那以来,它率先推出了衡量财务知识的突破性工具,制定了教育方案并提供了咨询意见,并制定了旨在提高美国和世界各地财务知识的政策指导方针。有关GFLEC的更多信息,请访问www.gflec.org。

[1] 截至2020年12月31日。根据2021年8月发布的《PLANSPONSOR's 403(b)市场调查》数据
[2],截至2021年12月31日,Nuveen Investments子公司和TIAA投资管理团队管理的资产为1.375万亿美元。

TIAA Institute

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