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年度報告顯示,更多成年人的金融素養水平很低,不利於財務福祉
  • USA - English
  • USA - español
  • USA - Chinese

第6屆年度 P-Fin指數顯示,低金融素養人士更有可能面臨財務挑戰,例如難以負擔生活開支和解決債務問題。

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News provided by

TIAA Institute

Apr 12, 2022, 09:55 ET

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紐約2022年4月12日 /美通社/ -- 美國成人的金融素養水平比自 2017 年以來任何一年都更低。2017 年是首年推出喬治華盛頓大學商學院全球金融素養水平卓越中心 (GFLEC) 與 TIAA 研究所聯合舉辦的個人理財 (P-Fin) 指數計劃。

P-Fin 指數是一個基於 28 項問題調查的年度金融素養晴雨錶。本年的主要結果包括:

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  • 成年人平均只正確回答了一半問題,而這個令人不安的數字隨著時間的推移一直停滯不前。
  • 比起任何一年的調查,更多的成年人 (23%) 不能正確回答 28 個問題中的 7 個以上。
  • 理解風險仍然是功能性知識最低的領域,只有大約三分之一的問題得到了正確回答。

2022 年的指數在 1 月進行,其中包括來自四個種族和民族群體的 3,500 多個回應,並覆蓋五個世代。在 2022 年的 P-Fin 指數中,亞裔美國人首次獲過度採樣調查,繼而為黑人和西班牙裔美國人。新數據顯示,亞裔美國人和白人的金融素養水平往往相同,兩個群體都正確回答約 55% 問題。黑人和西班牙裔美國人各自正確回答約 35%。

TIAA 研究所資深經濟學家 Paul Yakoboski 表示:「雖然今年的個人財務指數令人擔憂,但必須注意系統性因素和問題,仍然令許多美國人未能獲得平等的經濟競爭環境。隨著我們努力改善所有人的金融素養水平,我們知道也有人口差異,這可能有助或阻礙希望實現財務健康的人,例如年齡、整體教育水平和收入分佈。」

對不同年齡段的金融素養進行的研究表明,在成年早期的人群中,金融素養的水平往往特別低。Z 世代和 Y 世代只答對大約 45% 調查問題。

GW 大學教授兼 GFLEC 學術總監 Annamaria Lusardi 表示:「美國成人的金融素養水平始終很低,其中特別是最脆弱的人口群體,這令人不安。這些發現正呼籲採取行動! 隨著金融素養水平月即將來臨,我希望邀請大家加入我們,共同努力改善所有人的金融素養和金融福祉。」

P-Fin 指數強調金融素養對財務福祉的重要性,顯示具有非常低水平(與高水平人士相比)的人士:

  • 6 倍更有可能難以負擔生活開支;
  • 3 倍更有可能債務纏身; 
  • 3 倍更有可能無法應付 2,000 美元的財務衝擊; 
  • 4 倍更有可能每星期花超過 10 小時處理個人財務相關問題。

金融素養水平甚至重大影響其他因素(如收入)。總體而言,提高金融素養水平雖然並非可以解決所有問題,但卻可以改善金融實踐,即使資源一般或有限的人仍然可以受益。

報告全文載於此處。

關於 TIAA 研究所
TIAA 研究所 (TIAA Institute) 幫助推進個人和機構為財務安全和組織效能的方式。該研究所進行深入的研究,提供與思想領袖網絡的聯繫,並使其能夠預測趨勢、計劃未來策略並盡力爭取獲得成功。有關 TIAA 研究所的更多資訊,請瀏覽 www.tiaainstitute.org。

關於 TIAA
TIAA 是安全退休和成果為本投資解決方案的領先供應商,為數百萬人和數千家機構服務。它是首屈一指的非牟利退休市場供應商,[1]在 2020 年向退休客戶支付了超過 36 億美元,其管理的資產為 1.4 萬億美元(截至 2021 年 12 月 31 日)。[2]

關於 GFLEC
全球金融素養知識卓越中心 (GFLEC) 致力推進研究和解決方案,為普及金融素養打開大門。為了實現這個使命,GFLEC 將自己定位為全球領先的金融素養研究、政策及解決方案孵化器。
GFLEC 於 2011 年在華盛頓特區的喬治華盛頓大學商學院 (George Washington University School of Business) 成立,自此開創了衡量金融素養的突破性工具,開發及為教育計劃提供諮詢,並制定旨在促進美國和世界各地金融素養發展的政策指南。如欲了解更多關於 GFLEC 的資訊,請瀏覽 www.gflec.org。

[1] 截至 2020 年 12 月 31 日。基於 PLANSPONSOR 在 2021 年 8 月發表的 403(b) 市場調查的數據。
[2] 截至 2021 年 12 月 31 日,Nuveen Investments 關聯公司和 TIAA 投資管理團隊管理的資產為 1.375 萬億美元。

TIAA Institute

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