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El equipo iHuman de la Universidad ShanghaiTech descifra la primera estructura humana frizzled
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The iHuman Institute of ShanghaiTech University

Aug 22, 2018, 13:00 ET

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SHANGHÁI, 22 de agosto de 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- El laboratorio Xu  del iHuman Institute de la Universidad ShanghaiTech ha descifrado la estructura en cristal y alta resolución del primer receptor humano frizzled. Como proteína de filtro a la hora de regular la señalización Wnt en el desarrollo embrionario y la oncogénesis, los receptores frizzled (FZD) llevan décadas siendo el objetivo de los tratamientos oncológicos sin éxito. No obstante, estos resultados, que ilustran la singular arquitectura de los frizzled 4 sin ligandos y explican el prolongado obstáculo a la hora de identificar ligandos potentes para esta familia de receptores, serán beneficiosos para las investigaciones básicas y terapéuticas que puedan llevar al descubrimiento de importantes nuevos fármacos. Estos nuevos hallazgos se publican hoy en la edición digital avanzada de la revista Nature, bajo el título "Crystal structure of Frizzled 4 receptor in ligand-free state" (Estructura en cristal de receptores frizzled 4 sin ligandos) de Yang et al.

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Overall structure of Frizzled4 and highlight of the narrow pocket.
Overall structure of Frizzled4 and highlight of the narrow pocket.

"Para comprender por qué nadie ha podido desarrollar buenos ligandos o moléculas farmacológicas para los FZD, hemos resuelto la estructura de dominio de transmembrana intacta del receptor frizzled 4 (FZD4) a una resolución de 2,4 ángstrom", afirmó la Sra. Fei Xu, profesora adjunta del iHuman Institute de la Facultad de Ciencias Biosanitarias y Tecnología de la Universidad ShanghaiTech y autora correspondiente del estudio.

Para los autores resultó sorprendente la observación de que la zona de fijación ortostérica tradicional del ligando sea muy estrecha e hidrofílica, con lo que a las moléculas pequeñas les resulta difícil acceder o fijarse. "Estos descubrimientos mejoran nuestra comprensión del ligando y la señalización FZD y muestran que el diseño de los ligandos para este espacio podría requerir consideraciones especiales que esta estructura en cristal podría inspirar", afirmó la Sra. Fei Xu.

"Para generar una proteína FZD4 humana más estable para determinar la estructura a falta de un ligando, el equipo dedicó cuatro años a evaluar cientos de estructuras, optimizar procesos de purificación y probar miles de posibles condiciones de cristalización", afirmó la Sra. Shifan Yang, miembro postdoctorado del iHuman Institute y primera autora del documento.

Además del descubrimiento de un espacio vacante, esta obra también descubre un mecanismo de activación único de la familia frizzled. "Una estructura tan extraordinaria proporciona una plantilla más precisa a la que redirigir los esfuerzos dedicados al descubrimiento de fármacos frizzled", apuntó el Sr. Raymond Stevens, director del iHuman Institute de la Universidad ShanghaiTech.

El documento cuenta otros coautores procedentes de la Universidad ShanghaiTech, el Van Andel Research Institute y la Universidad del Sur de California.

Enlace para leer el texto completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0447-x

Imagen - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/733364/Frizzled4.jpg

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