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iHuman-Team an der ShanghaiTech University entziffert erstmals Struktur eines humanen Frizzled-Rezeptors
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The iHuman Institute of ShanghaiTech University

Aug 22, 2018, 15:23 ET

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SCHANGHAI, 22. August 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Das Xu-Labor am iHuman Institute der ShanghaiTech University hat die hochauflösende Kristallstruktur des ersten humanen Frizzled-Rezeptors entziffert. Die Frizzled-Rezeptoren (FZDs) dienen als Torwächter-Protein zur Regulierung des grundlegenden Wnt-Signalwegs bei der embryonalen Entwicklung und bei der Tumorgenese. Daher wird schon seit Jahrzehnten versucht, bei der Entwicklung von Krebsmedikamenten hier anzusetzen – bisher ohne Erfolg. Von den jetzt vorliegenden Ergebnissen, die den einzigartigen Aufbau des Rezeptors Frizzled-4 in einem Zustand ohne Liganden zeigen und die eine Erklärung für die lange Zeit bestehenden Hindernisse bei der Identifizierung von potenten Liganden für diese Rezeptorenfamilie liefern, werden allerdings die Grundlagenforschung und die Erforschung von Behandlungsansätzen, die zu wichtigen neuen Entdeckungen bei Medikamenten führen können, gleichermaßen profitieren. Diese neuen Erkenntnisse werden heute in der aktualisierten Online-Ausgabe des Magazins Nature unter dem Titel „Crystal structure of Frizzled 4 receptor in ligand-free state" (Kristallstruktur des Rezeptors Frizzled 4 im Liganden-freien Zustand) von Yang et al. veröffentlicht.

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Overall structure of Frizzled4 and highlight of the narrow pocket.
Overall structure of Frizzled4 and highlight of the narrow pocket.

„Um zu verstehen, warum bislang niemand in der Lage war, gute Hilfsliganden oder Wirkstoffmoleküle für FZDs zu entwickeln, haben wir die intakte Struktur der Transmembrandomäne des Frizzled4-Rezeptors (FZD4) bei einer Auflösung von 2,4 Ångström vergrößert", sagte Fei Xu, Assistant Professor am iHuman Institute und an der School of Life Science and Technology der ShanghaiTech University und Korrespondenzautor der Studie.

Für die Autoren war es eine Überraschung zu beobachten, dass die übliche Bindungsseite des orthosterischen Liganden sehr schmal und hydrophil ist, was es kleinen Molekülen schwer macht, einzudringen oder sich zu binden. „Diese Ergebnisse lassen uns die Eigenschaften der FZD-Liganden und die Signalwege besser verstehen und sie zeigen, dass man sich über das Liganden-Design für diese Molekültasche, das sich an dieser Kristallstruktur orientieren könnte, gesondert Gedanken machen muss", sagte Fei Xu.

„Das Team hat vier Jahre darauf verwendet, um ein stabileres humanes FZD4-Protein zu erzeugen, das auch ohne Liganden für eine Bestimmung der Struktur verwendbar ist, und es hat dafür Hunderte von Konstruktionen durchleuchtet, Reinigungsverfahren optimiert und Tausende von Bedingungen für die Kristallisation ausprobiert", sagte Shifan Yang, Postdoc-Stipendiat am iHuman Institute und Hauptautor des Artikels.

Neben der Entdeckung einer vakanten Molekültasche liefert diese Arbeit auch Einblicke in einen einmaligen Mechanismus zur Aktivierung der Frizzled-Familie. „Eine so bemerkenswerte Struktur liefert eine genauere Grundlage dafür, die Bemühungen zur Entdeckung von Frizzled-Medikamenten in die richtige Richtung zu lenken", sagte Raymond Stevens, Direktor des iHuman Institute an der ShanghaiTech University.

Die weiteren Co-Autoren des Artikels kommen von der ShanghaiTech University, vom Van Andel Research Institute und von der University of Southern California.

Der Link zum vollständigen Text: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0447-x

Foto - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/733364/Frizzled4.jpg

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