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LAFIS: Taxa de desocupação mantem estabilidade, mas população subutilizada preocupa


News provided by

Lafis

Apr 04, 2019, 14:15 ET

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SÃO PAULO, 4 de abril de 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- De acordo com os resultados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNADC), divulgada pelo IBGE na última sexta-feira (29/02), a taxa de desocupação no Brasil atingiu 12,4% no trimestre de dezembro a fevereiro/2019, somando um total de 13,1 milhões de desocupados. O resultado representou um crescimento de 7,3% ante o trimestre anterior (set-out-nov/2018), quando a taxa havia atingido 11,6%, isto é, um crescimento de 892 mil pessoas sem ocupação no país, movimento que reflete a sazonalidade do mercado de trabalho. Enquanto isso, na comparação com o mesmo trimestre de 2018, a taxa manteve-se relativamente estável (12,6%).

Em relação a população ocupada, essa atingiu 92,1 milhões de pessoas, e cresceu 1,1% em relação ao mesmo trimestre do ano passado, com um aumento de 1,0 milhão de pessoas ocupadas.

Embora a tendência de crescimento da taxa de desocupação na comparação interanual já tenha deixado de assombrar o país, é importante observar o aumento da taxa composta de subutilização da força de trabalho. Esta taxa abrange o percentual de pessoas desocupadas, subocupadas por insuficiência de horas trabalhadas e na força de trabalho potencial1. Neste trimestre, essa taxa atingiu 24,6%, com um total de 27,9 milhões de pessoas subutilizadas, um pouco acima da taxa verificada no mesmo período do ano passado, 24,2%, o que resultou em um aumento de 795 mil pessoas nessa população.

Neste trimestre, o volume de pessoas subocupadas, isto é, que trabalham geralmente menos de 40 horas semanais, mas estariam dispostas e disponíveis para trabalhar mais horas, atingiu 6,7 milhões, uma alta de 7,9% em relação ao mesmo trimestre de 2018, um aumento de 491 mil pessoas. Isso decorre, de uma precarização do trabalho, uma vez que, o crescimento da população ocupada deveu-se em sua maior parte pela expansão de 644 mil trabalhadores por conta própria e 367 mil trabalhadores empregados sem carteira.

Junto a isso, entre a população subutilizada, observa-se o crescimento das pessoas desalentadas. Neste trimestre, o volume de pessoas desalentadas atingiu 4,9 milhões, um aumento de 6% em relação ao mesmo trimestre do ano passado, um diferencial de 275 mil pessoas. O desalento compreende as pessoas que embora estejam desempregas, acabaram por esmorecer na busca por emprego, e são excluídas das estatísticas que compõe a taxa de desocupação2, uma vez que, são consideradas população fora da força de trabalho. Esse movimento é expressão de diversas variáveis, entre elas, a dificuldade de reinserção no mercado de trabalho, principalmente pela população de menor qualificação, o que leva a desistência da procura contínua.

A população na força de trabalho é composta pela soma da população ocupada e a população desocupada. Vale relembrar que, a população desocupada é composta apenas pelas pessoas sem trabalho que buscaram de forma efetiva um trabalho no último mês.

A partir dessas observações e a despeito da qualidade do trabalho, a Lafis estima uma tendência de queda da taxa de desocupação em 2019 para o mercado de trabalho brasileiro, findando o ano em 11,8%, 0,5 pontos percentuais abaixo da taxa observada em 2018.

Especialista Responsável:

Laís Soares: Analista Sênior. Graduação em Ciências Econômicas pela PUC-SP. Mestre em Economia Política pela PUC-SP. Iniciou as atividades na Lafis em 2013. É responsável pelos estudos e acompanhamento dos setores representantes da indústria automobilística (montadoras veículos leves, veículos pesados e carroçarias, pneus e autopeças), além dos setores de motocicletas e bicicletas, chocolates e balas e bebidas (cervejas, refrigerantes e água mineral, soft drinks).

Mais Informações:

Lafis Consultoria – www.lafis.com.br
Caique Rocha – [email protected]
(11) 3257-2952

1 Composta por pessoas de 14 anos ou mais de idade, que na semana de referência não estavam ocupadas nem desocupadas, mas possuíam um potencial de se transformarem em força de trabalho. As pessoas desalentadas é um subgrupo dessa população.

2 Taxa de Desocupação = População Desocupada/População na força de trabalho. 

FONTE Lafis

Related Links

http://www.lafis.com.br

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