Minimally invasive blood collection could advance health equity for people experiencing homelessness

Findings published in the Association for Diagnostics & Laboratory Medicine's (formerly AACC's) The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine

WASHINGTON, June 6, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- A new study demonstrates that minimally invasive blood collection devices could increase the participation of people experiencing homelessness (PEH) in public health studies and clinical research. This finding, which was presented today in the Association for Diagnostics & Laboratory Medicine's (formerly AACC's) The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine, may help improve medical care for this historically underrepresented and underserved population.

View the full study here: https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfae035

In public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases, studies known as seroprevalence studies are needed to better understand the disease in affected populations and inform targeted prevention measures. These studies typically test blood collected from participants' veins. However, this collection method, which is known as venipuncture, is invasive and sometimes unsuccessful in participants who are underweight or have damaged or difficult-to-visualize veins. This can result in the exclusion of PEH from seroprevalence studies. Compared to the general population, they are more commonly underweight and are more likely to have damaged veins due to intravenous drug use.

During the 2022-23 outbreak of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), PEH were disproportionately affected by severe mpox disease and mpox-related death. A team of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention researchers therefore set out to conduct a seroprevalence study in PEH. This team was led by Grace E. Marx, MD. Knowing that venipuncture is a barrier to PEH participating in public health studies, Marx's team also decided to simultaneously investigate how alternative methods of blood collection could promote the inclusion of PEH in mpox research.

In addition to venipuncture, they offered study participants, all of whom were PEH, the option to use a minimally invasive blood collection device that draws blood from capillaries rather than from veins. Blood collection was unsuccessful for almost a quarter of participants who chose venipuncture, but more than two-thirds of those same participants had successful blood collections when using the minimally invasive device. 94% of participants who used the device stated that they preferred it to venipuncture.

Overall, use of the device increased the total number of successful blood collections by 53%. This encouraging finding suggests that alternative, less-invasive methods of blood collection can help ensure the inclusion of people in public health research who otherwise might be excluded.

"We conclude that the microneedle blood collection device used in this study is an acceptable and useful supplemental method to venipuncture," the study's authors wrote. "These devices may increase representation of populations who could be reluctant or unable to participate, including PEH."

About the Association for Diagnostics & Laboratory Medicine (ADLM)

Dedicated to achieving better health through laboratory medicine, ADLM (formerly AACC) brings together more than 70,000 clinical laboratory professionals, physicians, research scientists, and business leaders from around the world focused on clinical chemistry, molecular diagnostics, mass spectrometry, translational medicine, lab management, and other areas of progressing laboratory science. Since 1948, ADLM has worked to advance the common interests of the field, providing programs that advance scientific collaboration, knowledge, expertise, and innovation. For more information, visit www.myadlm.org.

The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine (jalm.org) is published online by ADLM. This international, peer-reviewed publication showcases applied research on clinically relevant laboratory topics as well as commentary on the practice of clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine. 

Christine DeLong
ADLM
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Molly Polen
ADLM
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SOURCE Association for Diagnostics & Laboratory Medicine (ADLM)