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Novo estudo sobre o câncer primário de fígado pretende cadastrar 400 pacientes franceses
  • Latin America - español

'SARAH' - um estudo controlado, colaborativo, randomizado, francês, de nível nacional, de radioembolização com microesferas de resina de ítrio-90 em comparação com sorafenibe em carcinoma hepatocelular avançado está aceitando participantes


News provided by

Sirtex Medical Limited

Feb 03, 2012, 02:00 ET

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PARIS, 3 de fevereiro de 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- O início do SARAH, um novo estudo controlado, colaborativo, randomizado para comparar diretamente a eficácia da radioembolização com microesferas de resina de ítrio-90 (microesferas de SIR-Spheres®; Sirtex Medical Limited, Austrália) em comparação com sorafenibe (Nexavar®, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Alemanha), uma terapia sistêmica que é o padrão atual de tratamento para pacientes com carcinoma hepatocelular avançado não operável (CHC), foi anunciado hoje pela principal investigadora, professora Valérie Vilgrain, médica e PhD, do Departamento de Radiologia do Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique -  Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy e Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, França.

SARAH (em inglês, SorAfenib versus Radioembolization in Advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma) é um estudo prospectivo, aberto, randomizado e multicêntrico de Fase III cujo objetivo é recrutar 400 pacientes na França com CHC avançado (estágio C no Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer) com ou sem trombose da veia porta e sem invasão extra-hepática, que não se qualifiquem para ressecção cirúrgica, transplante de fígado ou ablação por radiofreqüência; ou cuja doença tenha progredido ou esteja recidiva) após tratamentos anteriores. [1]  

O principal objetivo do estudo será avaliar se a radioembolização com microesferas de resina de ítrio-90 fornece uma vantagem de aumento de sobrevida em comparação com o sorafenibe em pacientes com CHC avançado.  

A professora Vilgrain comentou: "Cerca de 20 centros especializados em câncer em toda a França estarão envolvidos neste estudo. As microesferas de SIR-Spheres foram escolhidas para o ramo de teste deste estudo colaborativo, que está sendo promovido pelo  'Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris'".

Em pacientes com CHC avançado, o sorafenibe é agora o tratamento padrão. Seu uso está associado a um aumento de sobrevida média (de 8 a 11 meses no estudo SHARP), mas 80% dos pacientes também apresentam eventos adversos relacionados ao tratamento.   

A SIRT (Selective Internal Radiation Therapy – Radioterapia Interna Seletiva), também conhecida como radioembolização, é um novo tratamento para o câncer de fígado inoperável em que são administradas altas doses de radiação diretamente no local dos tumores. É um tratamento minimamente invasivo, no qual milhões de microesferas SIR-Spheres (com 20 a 60 mícrons de diâmetro) são injetadas através de um cateter para dentro do fígado, onde se concentram seletivamente nos tumores de fígado com uma dose de radiação interna até 40 vezes maior que a radioterapia convencional, mas protegendo o tecido saudável. Há um interesse crescente na radioembolização que utiliza as microesferas de resina de ítrio-90 neste grupo de pacientes, com base em um número significativo de estudos abertos e grupo único, assim como uma grande análise europeia multicêntrica [2] dos resultados a longo prazo relacionados à sobrevida e segurança da radioembolização utilizando microesferas de SIR-Spheres em pacientes com CHC inoperável. Em 13 estudos abertos em um grupo único, com um total de 400 pacientes com CHC avançado, a estimativa combinada de sobrevida média geral após a radioembolização com microesferas de ítrio-90 foi de 15 meses (mín-máx: 7 a 27 meses).  

As microesferas de SIR-Spheres são aprovadas para utilização na Austrália, União Europeia (CE Mark), Nova Zelândia, Suíça, Turquia e vários outros países, inclusive na Ásia (por ex., Índia, Coreia, Cingapura e Hong Kong) para o tratamento de tumores de fígado inoperáveis. As microesferas de SIR-Spheres também são indicadas nos Estados Unidos para o tratamento de tumores de fígado metastáticos inoperáveis do câncer primário colorretal em combinação com quimioterapia de artéria intra-hepática usando-se floxuridina.  

A professora Vilgrain comentou: "O estudo SARAH está testando a hipótese de a radioembolização com uso de microesferas de resina de ítrio-90 poder aumentar a sobrevida geral média com menos efeitos colaterais e/ou uma melhor qualidade de vida em comparação com sorafenibe. Esperamos que os resultados deste estudo ajudem a melhorar o prognóstico para esses pacientes que são difíceis de tratar".  

Sobre o carcinoma hepatocelular  

O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) ocorre em pessoas cujo fígado tornou-se extremamente danificado ou cirrótico, devido a condições como hepatite e alcoolismo. Está entre os dez mais comuns tipos de câncer no mundo, com quase 750.000 casos diagnosticados anualmente, e é a terceira principal causa de mortes por câncer.[3] Ocorre com maior frequência em regiões em que as hepatites B ou C virais são mais frequentemente diagnosticadas, como na região Ásia-Pacífico ou sul da Europa.  

O câncer hepatocelular pode ser curado por cirurgia, seja operando-se as partes afetadas do fígado ou com o transplante de fígado de um doador saudável. Essas intervenções, porém, são inadequadas para a grande maioria dos pacientes, cuja sobrevida pode ir de alguns meses até dois anos ou mais, dependendo em grande parte do estado do seu fígado no momento do diagnóstico e da extensão da invasão do tumor.  

Referências:

  1. SorAfenib versus Radioembolization in Advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH): http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01482442.
  2. Sangro B, Carpanese L, Cianni R et al on behalf of European Network on Radioembolization with yttrium-90 resin microspheres (ENRY). Survival after [90]Y resin microsphere radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma across BCLC stages: A European evaluation. Hepatology 2011; 54: 868–878.
  3. GLOBOCAN.  Liver Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide in 2008.  http://globocan.iarc.fr/factsheets/cancers/liver.asp acessado em 28 de junho de 2011.  

FONTE  Sirtex Medical Limited

FONTE Sirtex Medical Limited

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