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UMIT - Universidade particular de tecnologia e informática médica para ciências da saúde: resultados de um estudo colaborativo em Campus Tyrol apresentam argumentos a favor de uma abordagem de rastreamento de câncer de próstata personalizada
  • Latin America - español


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UMIT - The Health & Life Sciences University

Jul 03, 2017, 08:00 ET

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HALL, Áustria, 3 de julho de 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Um estudo simulado publicado ne BMC Public Health por pesquisadores da Universidade de Ciências Biológicas e de Saúde de Tyrol UMIT, o centro de Oncotyrol, a Universidade Médica de Innsbruck e a Universidade de Toronto destacam o uso otimizado de rastreamento de câncer de próstata.

(Foto: http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/529873/UMIT_Dr_Uwe_Siebert.jpg )
(Foto: http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/529874/UMIT_Nikolai_Muhlberger.jpg )

"Como a maioria dos procedimentos médicos, o rastreamento também porta benefícios e riscos. Isso tem ganhado cada vez atenção pelo público", explica o prof. Dr. Uwe Siebert, presidente do departamento de saúde pública, pesquisa de serviços de saúde e avaliação de tecnologia de saúde na UMIT e presidente eleito da Sociedade para Tomada de Decisão Médica. "Um risco importante do rastreamento de câncer de próstata é o de excesso de diagnóstico e de tratamento. Isso se refere ao diagnóstico e tratamento de tumores clinicamente irrelevantes, que não causariam nenhum problema durante o tempo de vida dos homens e permaneceriam indetectáveis durante o rastreamento. Atualmente, não há método confiável para distinguir tumores clinicamente relevantes dos clinicamente irrelevantes. Consequentemente, os tumores clinicamente irrelevantes também podem ser tratados, o que expõem desnecessariamente os pacientes afetados a complicações de tratamento de longo prazo incomuns como disfunção erétil, incontinência e disfunção do trato intestinal."

O modelo de simulação desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores dentro de um projeto de pesquisa da ONCOTYROL para medicamentos personalizados simula os efeitos positivos e negativos do rastreamento na duração e qualidade de vida de participantes do rastreamento, além de analisar sob que circunstâncias os possíveis danos do rastreamento superar os possíveis benefícios. O prof. ass. e coordenador do projeto, Dr. Nikolai Mühlberger, resume as descobertas do estudo da seguinte maneira: "Os resultados do estudo sugerem que a participação em rastreamento reduz o risco de morte por câncer de próstata e prolonga a expectativa de vida dos homens participantes. No entanto, quando os efeitos da qualidade de vida forem bem considerados, demonstra-se que primariamente homens com riscos de câncer de próstata familiar elevado se beneficiam do rastreamento, enquanto que em homens com risco de câncer de próstata na média, em geral, os riscos do rastreamento prevalecem. Além disso, a simulação prevê que o benefício do rastreamento em homens com risco familiar elevado também depende fortemente de sua valorização individual de efeitos colaterais de longo prazo relacionados ao tratamento."

Os especialistas urológicos na equipe de pesquisa, o prof. Dr. Wolfgang Horninger e o prof. Dr. Helmut Klocker, veem o estudo como uma contribuição importante rumo a uma aplicação direcionada de rastreamento de câncer de próstata. Horninger, o reitor do departamento de urologia da Universidade Médica de Innsbruck, explica: "O estudo destaca o problema do diagnóstico excessivo e ilustra a dependência dos benefícios de rastreamento em preferências e fatores de risco individuais. Consequentemente, isso contribui à melhoria do aconselhamento ao paciente e corrobora com o uso individual de exames de rastreamento, que todos nós consideramos como questões importantes."

Contato: Prof. Dr. Uwe Siebert,  [email protected], +4350-8648-673930

FONTE UMIT - The Health & Life Sciences University

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