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耶鲁大学医学院获得2770万美元的自闭症研究补助金
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Yale School of Medicine

Jul 08, 2025, 20:28 ET

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康涅狄格州纽黑文2025年7月8日 /美通社/--  耶鲁大学医学院 ( YSM )从 对抗自闭症研究 ( ARIA )获得了2770万美元的赠款,用于开发一个跨学科研究项目,通过自闭症谱系障碍( ASD )的大规模脑建模来研究非侵入性功能沟通方法。

“我们感谢ARIA计划对这项变革性工作的愿景和慷慨支持。 它有可能从根本上改变我们治疗严重神经发育障碍儿童的方式, ”耶鲁大学医学院的Jean和David W. Wallace院长 Nancy J. Brown医学博士说。 “这凸显了合作伙伴在推动创新的解决方案和改变生活方面的实力。”

该跨学科研究项目由 神经外科系主任、Sterling神经外科教授、YSM遗传学和神经科学教授Murat Günel, MD 领导,旨在利用最先进的技术和跨部门专业知识开发大脑模型,作为个性化、基于电路的治疗的基础。

ASD影响了美国36名儿童中的1名和全球100名儿童中的1名,带来了无数挑战,包括语言和社交沟通困难、重复行为和感官处理问题。 自闭症通常与癫痫、情绪状况和睡眠障碍同时发生。 症状的可变性和大脑参与的复杂性使得治疗与自闭症相关的共同特征特别具有挑战性。 目前的治疗方法侧重于通过行为疗法、药物治疗和教育支持来管理症状,但对更有效和更个性化干预措施的需求仍未得到满足。

开创性新疗法
耶鲁大学试图通过确定负责与ASD相关的关键共同特征的大脑回路来解决这一治疗差距,并实时无创地修改这些回路,以造福自闭症患者。 这项研究最初将侧重于确定建立或改善语言和非语言交流的新方法,以及睡眠障碍和焦虑等共同发生的情况。 通过了解导致这些发病的神经回路,耶鲁大学旨在开发非侵入性神经调节技术来恢复其功能。

该项目的一个关键优势是整合了三个不同队列的数据: ASD患者、耐药性癫痫患者和Angelman综合征患者,其特征是严重的言语和语言障碍、睡眠障碍和单基因突变引起的焦虑。 该研究将收集用于多部位自闭症研究的非侵入性临床和行为评估,并与先进的神经和成像技术相结合。 特别是纳入癫痫患者,由于在癫痫监测和治疗过程中收集颅内记录,提供了显着的优势-这是耶鲁大学神经外科团队的专业领域。 这些记录允许对电路级功能进行详细检查,以其他方式不可能的方式为自闭症的理解提供信息。

Günel解释说: “我们的愿景是将我们对大脑回路的理解转化为恢复神经功能的实用治疗方法。” “这种综合方法不仅可以改善自闭症患者的结果,还可以为解决其他神经发育障碍铺平道路。”

大数据、数字孪生和人工智能
研究计划的核心是使用数学和计算机算法来解码复杂的神经信号并创建大脑模型。 通过整合来自成像、颅内脑电图(脑电图)记录和其他来源的患者数据,这些模型将代表患者大脑的虚拟复制品。 使用这些模型,研究人员可以精确定位干预的精确神经目标。 随着患者数据的不断更新,这些全面的模拟将提供深刻的见解,并促进个人和群体之间有意义的比较,从而提高治疗干预的精确度。

Günel解释说: “使用先进的人工智能和机器学习技术,我们可以创建个性化的大脑模型,模拟潜在的治疗方法,从而在临床应用之前改进我们的方法。”

A Fusion of Disciplines
该项目汇集了来自耶鲁大学许多部门、学校和中心的30多名个人,包括神经外科、神经学、精神病学、心理学、工程学、统计学和数据科学、应用数学、法律和数字伦理学。 这种合作努力确保了自闭症的每个方面-从神经回路到行为表现再到伦理-都通过多个镜头进行检查。

耶鲁儿童研究中心以其在儿童发育和神经发育障碍方面的工作而闻名,将在参与研究的患者的临床护理中发挥核心作用。 先进的成像技术将由耶鲁大学生物医学成像研究所和Wu Tsai研究所提供,以确保大脑结构和功能的精确映射。 工程与应用科学学院在计算建模和人工智能方面的专业知识将支持该计划的大脑建模方面。 最后, Günel指出,该计划的一个关键要素是与 Yale New Haven Health 的主要合作,确保临床转化项目拥有必要的基础设施和支持,促进研究结果与临床实践无缝整合。

布朗强调了耶鲁大学合作精神的重要性: “通过汇集来自全校的专家和资源,并与耶鲁大学纽黑文卫生系统合作,使患者能够获得这项工作,我们利用跨学科研究的力量,实现了不会孤立发生的突破。”

对齐研究与影响性自闭症
ARIA是一项科学计划,旨在通过对齐、合作和前沿研究,加速对自闭症和相关神经发育疾病的理解和治疗。 ARIA将来自各个科学领域的新兴研究、见解和有前途的技术联系起来,为深度自闭症患者和寻求额外支持的患者创造更多治疗机会。 其重点领域包括建立临床试验和转化研究网络,以快速开发和测试新疗法,资助前沿科学以及促进数据共享。 ARIA由 对齐科学联盟董事总经理Ekemini Riley博士和加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校科学总监Matthew State博士代表Sergey Brin家族基金会领导。

关于耶鲁大学医学院
耶鲁大学医学院培养医学和科学领域的领导者,培养好奇心和批判性探究。 它是生物医学研究、临床护理和医学教育领域的全球领军企业。 耶鲁大学拥有1700多名医生,为全球患者提供富有同情心的护理。 耶鲁医学教育系统强调批判性思维和独立研究,培养学术医学领域的领导者。

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