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A proposta de uma Organização Mundial para a Agricultura apoiada pela momagri
  • Latin America - español

Será apresentada na próxima Reunião de Cúpula do G8 pelo Presidente Abdoulaye Wade


News provided by

MOMAGRI

May 25, 2011, 08:00 ET

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PARIS, 25 de maio de 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Como um elemento-chave da Declaração de Dakar emitida após o Fórum Agrícola de Dakar, a criação de uma Organização Mundial para a Agricultura (WOA – World Organization for Agriculture) representaria um grande passo em direção a um sistema de governança global novo.

No fórum Agricola de Dakar realizado em 18 e 19 de abril e organizado em colaboração com a momagri, H. E., Abdoulaye Wade, presidente da República do Senegal, propôs que o objetivo primordial de tal Organização Mundial para a Agricultura seja a regulação dos mercados agrícolas e a coordenação das políticas agrícolas. O presidente Wade defendeu situar esta Organização no continente africano, lugar tal que terá de enfrentar os mais sérios desafios demográficos e de alimentos nos próximos anos.

Autoridades participando do Fórum Agrícola de Dakar afirmaram coletivamente que "aumentar a produção e regulação dos mercados agrícolas físicos e futuros é a única solução para resolver a hiper- volatilidade de preços das commodities agrícolas. Picos de preço estão afetando de solvência do consumidor, e quedas de preços estão comprometendo a capacidade de produção agrícola. Os agricultores precisam de estabilidade dos preços agrícolas e de visibilidade, de modo que o desenvolvimento da produção agrícola sustentável e a segurança alimentar mundial sejam alcançados. Os eventos dos anos passados recentes nos mostraram os limites -- até mesmo os perigos -- do 'all market' na agricultura."

Para o presidente da momagri, Pierre Pagesse, "o regulamento é bem provável, uma vez que seria aplicável ao comércio mundial de alguns produtos - como grãos ou leite - que formam a base da alimentação. Na verdade, o comércio agrícola internacional representa menos de 10 da produção agrícola global e envolve um máximo de 10 países exportadores."

"Mais precisamente, esta Organização esboçaria, para esses produtos-chave, canais de livre flutuação de preços por grandes zonas geográficas com base nos dados fornecidos por um órgão fiscalizador de preços de custo. Nenhuma intervenção seria necessária em tal canal. Se os preços das commodities agrícolas saíssem de seus respectivos canais, um 'Conselho de Segurança Alimentar Global' instigaria mecanismos de salvaguarda para regular os mercados agrícolas envolvidos com base em fatos econômicos observados em cada grande área do mundo."

Dois cursos de ação principais podem ser definidos e aplicados sob a égide desta Organização:

  • Trabalhar nas reservas de mercado de regulação construídas em grandes regiões de exportação, bem como nas reservas de emergência em países sujeitos à insegurança alimentar;
  • Garantir uma transparência maior nas operações do mercado financeiro e estabelecer normas para combater a especulação excessiva.

Qual seria a missão e a posição desta Organização?

Como um desdobramento do G20 – a expressão atual mais bem sucedida de cooperação global sobre as questões mundiais – esta Organização teria uma capacidade real de tomada de decisão através de um secretariado gerido pela FAO (Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação) ou pela WFP (Programa Mundial de Alimentos). Seria, portanto, responsável pelo acompanhamento dos mercados agrícolas com ferramentas adequadas, que permitiriam antecipar as crises e agir para regular os mercados  quando necessário.

"O conselho de consulta e de tomada de decisão da Organização seria o Conselho de Segurança Alimentar Global, estabelecido de acordo com uma lógica próxima a do Conselho de Segurança da ONU", acrescentou Jacques Carles, vice-presidente executivo da momagri.

Para a momagri, esta proposta deve ser considerada com seriedade, uma vez que estamos, provavelmente, na véspera de uma época em que a "sismicidade" dos preços agrícolas vai piorar, com conseqüências no equilíbrio mundial que poderiam ser ainda mais desastrosas do que a crise econômica e financeira.

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