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Agrarisch beleid: de Europese Unie schiet tekort


News provided by

Momagri

Nov 19, 2012, 09:38 ET

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PARIJS, November 19, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --

Zoals blijkt uit de resultaten van de SGPA (wereldwijde ondersteuning van landbouwproductie), indicator van devier grootste landbouwproducenten ter wereld (Brazilië, China, Verenigde Staten en de Europese Unie)*

Tussen 2005 en 2010 is de wereldwijde ondersteuning van de landbouwproductie (SGPA)[1] per hoofd van de bevolking aanzienlijk gestegen in China, Brazilië en de Verenigde Staten, met respectievelijk 130, 60 en 40 procent, terwijl deze in de Europese Unie nauwelijks op het niveau van 2005[2] is gebleven.

Klik op onderstaande link om het multimedia nieuwsbericht inclusief grafieken te bekijken:

http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri

Ondanks verklaringen over het behouden van het huidige CAP-budget, tonen deze resultaten echter dat Europa sinds 2005 een richting is ingeslagen, die in strijd is met die van andere grote wereldmachten die intensief investeren om de voedselzekerheid van hun bevolking te beschermen.

In absolute termen zet de 2010 SGPA-indicator de Verenigde Staten op de eerste plek met $163 miljard, gevolgd door China met $154 miljard, de Europese Unie met $101 miljard en Brazilië met $38 miljard. Uitgedrukt in percentage van de agrarische productiewaarde, stonden de Verenigde Staten weer op de eerste plaats met een agrarische ondersteuning van 48 procent, tegenover 24 procent voor de Europese Unie en Brazilië en 20 procent voor China.

Als cijfers buiten beschouwing gelaten worden, toont een beleidsanalyse gelijkenissen tussen Brazilië en de Verenigde Staten, die een beleid implementeren om concurrentie en binnenlandse vraag te ondersteunen:

  • In Brazilië: directe marktinterventies, reservebeleid en stimulans voor het ontwikkelen van biobrandstof (42 procent van de Braziliaanse SGPA);
  • In de Verenigde Staten: directe betalingen, anticyclische betalingen aangevuld door verzekeringsmechanismes en een vrij groot systeem van binnenlandse voedselhulp.

Wat China betreft, voert de regering een beleid uit gebaseerd op interventie en bescherming van de landbouwproductie dat onder anderebestaat uit gegarandeerde minimumprijzen ($258/ton voor tarwe en $291/ton voor rijst in 2010), directe inkomstenondersteuning, sociale beschermingsprogramma's en belastingverlaging…

De Europese Unie daarentegen heeft als enige een ondersteuningssysteem dat losgekoppeld is van productie, naast groene criteria, en hanteert dat als uitgangspunt van haar landbouwbeleid.

Het oordeel is duidelijk: zowel de lage mate van ondersteuning en de ongeschiktheid zorgen ervoor dat de Europese Unie tekort schiet. Een verontrustende situatie die verslechterd kan worden door de geplande CAP-hervorming.

--------------------------------------------------

1. In nationale valuta.

2. Bij constante euro nam de wereldwijde ondersteuning van de landbouwproductie met 3 procent af in de EU.

Grafiek 1: Per capita SGPA-vergelijking: EU, VS, Brazilië, China, 2005-2010, in nationale valuta.

Grafiek 2: SGPA-vergelijking: EU, VS, Brazilië, China, 2005-2010, in $ miljarden.

Grafiek 3: SGPA-vergelijking van nationale landbouwproductie, EU, VS, Brazilië, China, 2005-2010, in %.

Alle grafieken zijn te vinden op: http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri 

Video: http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri

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