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Agrarpolitik: Die Europäische Union verliert den Anschluss


News provided by

Momagri

Nov 19, 2012, 09:27 ET

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PARIS, November 19, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --

Dies zeigen die Ergebnisse des SGPA-Indikators (Globale Förderung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion) für die vier führenden landwirtschaftlichen Produzenten (Brasilien, China, USA und EU)*

Zwischen 2005 und 2010 ist die globale Pro-Kopf-Beihilfe für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe (Globale Förderung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion; SGPA)[1] in China, Brasilien und den USA deutlich gestiegen - um jeweils 130, 60 und 40 Prozent. In der Europäischen Union konnte währenddessen gerade einmal der Stand von 2005[2] aufrechterhalten werden.

Klicken Sie hier, um die Multimediapressemitteilung mit Diagrammen zu lesen:

http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri

Aussagen zur Einhaltung des aktuellen GAP-Haushalts zum Trotz, zeigen diese Ergebnisse, dass Europa seit 2005 eine andere Richtung einschlägt als andere Weltmächte, die massiv investieren, um eine Ernährungssicherheit für die Bevölkerung zu gewährleisten.

Rein zahlenmäßig sieht der SGPA-Indikator von 2010 die USA mit 163 Milliarden US-Dollar auf dem ersten Platz, gefolgt von China mit 154 Milliarden US-Dollar. In der Europäischen Union wurden 101 Milliarden US-Dollar und in Brasilien 38 Milliarden US-Dollar bereitgestellt. Als Prozentsatz vom landwirtschaftlichen Produktionswert ausgedrückt, belegte die USA abermals den ersten Platz, mit einer geleisteten Finanzhilfe für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe in Höhe von 48 %, im Vergleich zu 24 % in der Europäischen Union und Brasilien sowie 20 % in China.

Ganz von den Zahlen abgesehen, weist eine Analyse der Agrarpolitik Ähnlichkeiten zwischen Brasilien und den USA auf, da beide Länder Richtlinien einführen, um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu unterstützen und die Inlandsnachfrage anzukurbeln:

  • Brasilien: direkte Marktinterventionen, Rücklagenpolitik und Anreize für die Entwicklung von Biokraftstoffen (42 % des brasilianischen SGPA)
  • USA: Direktbeihilfen, antizyklische Investitionen, die durch Versicherungsmechanismen und ein umfassendes System der inländischen Nahrungsmittelhilfe ergänzt werden

In China verfolgt die Regierung eine Politik des Interventionismus und der Absicherung landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugnisse, darunter garantierte Mindestpreise (2010: 258 US-Dollar/Tonne für Weizen und 291 US-Dollar/Tonne für Reis), direkte Einkommensunterstützung, Sozialschutzprogramme und Steuervergünstigungen …

Einzig die Europäische Union erhebt, neben Begrünungskriterien, ihr von der Produktion entkoppeltes Subventionssystem zum Eckpfeilern ihrer Agrarpolitik.

Das Urteil steht fest: Durch die niedrigen Subventionen sowie deren Untauglichkeit gerät die EU ins Abseits. Eine Situation, die umso besorgniserregender ist, da sie durch die geplante GAP-Reform noch verschlimmert werden könnte.

--------------------------------------------------

  1. In Landeswährungen
  2. In Euro (konstant) sank die globale Förderung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion um 3 Prozent in der EU.

Diagramm 1: Pro Kopf SGPA-Vergleich: EU, USA, Brasilien, China, 2005-2010 in Landeswährung

Diagramm 2: SGPA-Vergleich: EU, USA, Brasilien, China, 2005-2010 in Milliarden US-Dollar

Diagramm 3: SGPA-Vergleich der nationalen landwirtschaftlichen Produktion, EU, USA, Brasilien, China, 2005-2010, in %

Die Diagramme finden Sie unter: http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri 


Video: http://www.multivu.com/mnr/58650-momagri

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