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CGTN: Čína prináša vitalitu do globálnej ochrany biodiverzity
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CGTN

Dec 16, 2022, 11:16 ET

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PEKING, 16. decembra 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Dôležitosť biodiverzity pri ľudskom rozvoji možno posúdiť na základe skutočnosti, že viac ako polovica svetového HDP pochádza z prírodných zdrojov a živobytie viac ako 3 miliárd ľudí závisí od morskej a pobrežnej biodiverzity. Ekosystém zeme je však ohrozený, pretože štatistiky OSN ukazujú, že 97 % tohto ekosystému bolo zničených.

Čínsky prezident Si Ťin-pching, počas svojho štvrtkového videoprejavu na otváracom ceremoniáli druhej časti 15. zasadnutia Konferencie zmluvných strán Dohovoru o biologickej diverzite alebo COP15, vyzval medzinárodné spoločenstvo, aby spoločne reagovalo na klimatické zmeny a stratu biodiverzity.

Si Ťin-pching povedal, že musíme spoločne pracovať na uzavretí globálneho rámca pre biodiverzitu po roku 2020 a určiť ciele a cesty globálnej ochrany biodiverzity.

Čína urobí všetko, čo bude v jej silách, aby podporila a pomohla rozvojovým krajinám prostredníctvom Medzinárodnej koalície pre ekologický rozvoj v rámci iniciatívy Jedno pásmo, jedna cesta (BRIGC) a pozdvihla globálne riadenie biodiverzity na novú úroveň, povedal Si Ťin-pching. 

Vo svojom prejave spomenul aj Kchun-mingský fond pre biodiverzitu, aby ukázal, že Čína urobí všetko pre to, aby pomohla rozvojovým krajinám s ochranou biodiverzity.

Na summite vedúcich predstaviteľov COP15 v Kchun-mingu v juhozápadnej čínskej provincii Jün-nan v októbri minulého roka Si Ťin- pching oznámil iniciatívu Číny na zriadenie Kchun-mingského fondu pre biodiverzitu a prevzatie vedenia investovaním 1,5 miliardy čínskych jüanov (približne 215 miliónov USD) na podporu ochrany biodiverzity v rozvojových krajinách. 

V priebehu rokov Čína podporila medzinárodné snahy o ochranu biodiverzity. Bola medzi prvými, ktorí podpísali a ratifikovali Dohovor o biologickej diverzite (CBD) a od roku 2019 sa stala najväčším prispievateľom do základného rozpočtu CBD a jej protokolov.

Podľa Bielej knihy Číny o ochrane biodiverzity krajina podporila v rámci spolupráce Juh-Juh viac ako 80 rozvojových krajín pri ochrane biodiverzity.

Na domácej pôde Čína v posledných rokoch zintenzívnila rozvoj systému prírodných rezervácií založených na národných parkoch, vypracovala celoštátne červené línie ekologickej ochrany a presadila integrovanú ochranu a systematickú obnovu hôr, riek, lesov, poľnohospodárskej pôdy, jazier, trávnatých porastov a púští.

V minulom roku bola zriadená prvá skupina národných parkov vrátane Národného parku tropického dažďového pralesa Chaj-nan a Národného parku pandy veľkej. Medzinárodné spoločenstvo tiež uznalo červené línie ekologickej ochrany ako inovatívny model ochrany prírody. Tieto línie pokrývajú zóny dôležité pre funkciu životného prostredia alebo ekologicky citlivé na ochranu veľkej väčšiny vzácnych a ohrozených druhov a ich biotopov.

V dôsledku toho sa podľa Bielej knihy s názvom „Ochrana biodiverzity v Číne", ktorú v roku 2021 zverejnila Informačná kancelária Štátnej rady, rozširujú biotopy voľne žijúcich živočíchov a ich populácie v Číne rastú.

Napríklad populácia pandy veľkej vo voľnej prírode za posledných 40 rokov vrástla z 1 114 na 1 864 kusov jedincov. Medzitým sa počet ibisov chochlatých zvýšil z iba siedmich kusov na viac ako 5 000 a počet gibonov hainských, najvzácnejších primátov na svete a najohrozenejších spomedzi všetkých druhov gibonov na svete, sa zvýšil z menej ako 10 kusov v 80. rokoch na v súčasnosti najmenej 36 kusov jedincov.

V Bielej knihe sa uvádza, že Čína zriadila takmer 10 000 prírodných rezervácií, čo predstavuje asi 18 % celkovej rozlohy krajiny. 

V budúcnosti bude Čína pokračovať v zlepšovaní rozmanitosti a udržateľnosti svojich ekosystémov.

https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-12-16/China-injects-vitality-into-global-biodiversity-protection-1fN8y6sz2r6/index.html

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