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Expertos internacionales cuestionan los procedimientos de arbitraje del Mar del Sur de China
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News provided by

Wuhan University

Jun 30, 2016, 06:02 ET

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LA HAYA, Países Bajos, 30 de junio de 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Un grupo de expertos sobre derecho internacional han mostrado sus dudas y preocupaciones sobre el arbitraje del Mar del Sur de China, advirtiendo que los procedimientos del caso son cuando menos cuestionables.

Expertos procedentes de Asia, África, Estados Unidos y Europa intercambiaron sus opiniones en relación al caso en un seminario organizado de forma conjunta por el Grotius Center for International Legal Studies, la Leiden University y el Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies de la Wuhan University (WUIBOS).

"Hemos escuchado las posiciones de expertos acerca de que el tribunal parecía estar manipulando las palabras acerca de esta decisión  (sobre la jurisdicción)", afirmó Sienho Yee, principal experto de WUIBOS, destacando que el tribunal no respetaba el derecho explícito de China de excluir las disputas territoriales y acerca de la delimitación escritas en la UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

Pemmaraju Sreenivasa Rao, antiguo presidente del UN International Law Commission, explicó que el tribunal se había puesto a sí mismo en una posición complicada.

"El tribunal comentó que no intentaría establecer las disputas sobre soberanía, sino solo determinar las características geográficas. Pese a ello, las demandas de Filipinas finalmente llevarán a la pregunta de quién es la propiedad, y el tribunal no cuenta con jurisdicción acerca de este tema", dijo Rao, que participó en la tercera conferencia de la ONU sobre la ley del Mar desde 1973 hasta 1982 que llevó a la adopción del UNCLOS.

La opinión de Rao se hizo eco de Abdul G. Koroma, antiguo juez del Tribunal de Justicia Internacional que formó parte de esta histórica conferencia.

"En la convención se ha indicado que un tribunal no tendrá permiso, no tendrá el derecho a pasar un juicio acerca de una disputa territorial y vinculante, ya que no está equipado; y no cuenta con competencia para hacerlo", explicó Koroma. "No se puede usar la jurisdicción de uno para determinar a otro".

"Es como si alguien tiene un tumor cerebral, va al médico, y le recetan un medicamento para la gripe. Todos sabemos que eso no va a curar su dolor de cabeza", comentó Michael Sheng-ti Gau, profesor de Ley Internacional Pública del Law of the Sea Institute de la Taiwan Ocean University.

"Las demandas de Filipinas solo rascan la superficie, pero no cubren la disputa principal, que es un tema de soberanía. Como tribunal, no podemos gobernar acerca de algo que no está presente en las demandas, por lo que el resultado del arbitraje es poco posible que tenga ningún efecto sobre la situación actual", destacó Gau.

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