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La Cumbre del G20 en Seúl: ¿De qué modo los desequilibrios monetarios y de divisas menoscaban la agricultura europea?
  • Brazil - Português

- Un análisis comparativo entre Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea muestra un beneficio económico equivalente a "50 Airbus A380" a favor de los agricultores estadounidenses


News provided by

momagri

Nov 09, 2010, 10:30 ET

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PARÍS, 9 de noviembre de 2010 /PRNewswire/ -- De acuerdo a momagri(c), un grupo de especialistas que aboga por una nueva visión de la agricultura global, la comunidad internacional no está tomando en cuenta completamente el impacto de los desequilibrios monetarios y de divisas en las actividades agrícolas.

Hasta el momento, en un ambiente de crisis alimentaria, financiera y presupuestaria, y en proporciones hasta ahora desconocidas, los tipos de cambio y las tasas base establecidas por los Bancos Centrales se han tornado en variables cruciales para la competitividad agrícola. Una comparación entre Europa y Estados Unidos ilustra este punto:

- En los últimos dos años, la baja cotización del dólar frente al Euro ha significado un apoyo financiero indirecto pero efectivo para la agricultura de Estados Unidos. Este apoyo ha sido evaluado en $17,800 millones en 2008 y $14,400 millones en 2009;

- Las tasas de interés más ventajosas de la Reserva Federal de EE.UU. (la Fed) en comparación con las del Banco Central Europeo (BCE) resultaron en un apoyo a los agricultores norteamericanos equivalente a $2,900 millones en 2008 y $106 millones en 2009.

Esto representa un total de $20,700 millones en 2008 y $14,500 millones en 2009, o 6.5% y 5.0% del valor de la producción agrícola de Estados Unidos.

Para Christian Pees, Vicepresidente de momagri(c), "Todos quienes experimentan estos desequilibrios están sujetos a imposiciones constantes que más se exacerban en períodos de alta volatilidad de los precios".

De acuerdo al Presidente de momagri(c) Pierre Pagesse, "Resulta esencial considerar estas variables monetarias y de tipos de cambio, comenzando en la próxima cumbre del G20, dado que los mercados agrícolas – actualmente más inestables a causa de la especulación – son precursores de una nueva crisis financiera y alimentaria. Sin mencionar que en la OMC todavía existe la amenaza de una liberalización no regulada del comercio agrícola internacional".

Este análisis, que involucra a la naturaleza genuina del apoyo ofrecido por los gobiernos a sus actividades agrícolas, fue conducido por momagri(c) en el marco de su proyecto para desarrollar una Agencia de Calificación para la agricultura y sus cuestiones más apremiantes.

A mediados de enero de 2011 se publicará un primer informe sobre las comparaciones entre Estados Unidos y Francia.

Dicho informe permitirá determinar las medidas de apoyo directas (presupuestos de políticas agrícolas) e indirectas (políticas financieras y monetarias, subsidios a los alimentos…) a la agricultura, que están implementadas en las dos mayores regiones productoras del mundo.

A tales efectos se ha diseñado una nueva terminología presupuestaria internacional para facilitar las comparaciones entre los presupuestos nacionales.

Los estudios comparativos de momagri(c) se continuarán realizando a lo largo de 2011 y abarcarán a Brasil, Canadá, China e India, antes de involucrar a todas las principales naciones productoras. Será entonces posible beneficiarse de datos útiles para negociaciones económicas y comerciales, dado que estarán basadas en políticas públicas indiscutibles.

El enfoque de momagri(c) apoya la necesidad de ordenar estándares comunes que estén adaptados a la realidad económica, lo cual es precisamente el tema del próximo Foro de Davos que se celebrará del 26 al 30 de enero de 2011.

   http://www.momagri.org

FUENTE  momagri

FUENTE momagri

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