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NUST MISIS : des scientifiques proposent une nouvelle méthode de désinfection des installations d'approvisionnement en eau
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The National University of Science and Technology MISiS

Nov 18, 2021, 02:05 ET

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MOSCOU, 18 novembre 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Des scientifiques du NUST MISIS et du KTH Royal Institute of Technology ont mis au point une nouvelle approche de la désinfection de surface des installations d'approvisionnement en eau telles que les puits, les filtres, les tuyaux et les réservoirs. Ils ont constaté que le traitement à l'ozone est plus efficace pour l'inactivation des virus et des micro-organismes que les traitements à l'hypochlorite couramment utilisés, du point de vue de la corrosion, de l'économie et de l'environnement. L'étude a été publiée dans Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Au moins une fois par an, les installations d'eau potable sont décontaminées par des traitements de désinfection des surfaces afin d'inactiver les agents pathogènes et les micro-organismes. La désinfection est généralement effectuée à l'aide de substances contenant du chlore, comme l'hypochlorite de sodium et de calcium. Une équipe de recherche russo-suédoise a découvert que les traitements au sodium et à l'hypochlorite peuvent entraîner une dégradation accélérée des matériaux, entraînant une corrosion accrue même après la période de traitement si les désinfectants sont piégés dans des micropores ou des fissures. La dégradation de la surface interne des tuyaux peut, à son tour, entraîner une augmentation du fer libéré dans l'eau du robinet, la rendant impropre à la consommation ou à la cuisson.

« L'ozone est de plus en plus utilisé pour la décontamination de l'eau. Cependant, il est rarement utilisé pour la désinfection des surfaces malgré ses nombreux avantages technologiques, économiques et environnementaux », a noté Valentin Romanovski, chercheur principal au Centre de recherche sur les nanomatériaux céramiques structuraux de NUST MISIS.

Des scientifiques de NUST MISIS et de l'Institut royal de technologie KTH ont découvert que l'utilisation de solutions d'ozone au lieu de désinfectants à base de chlore réduit considérablement le risque de corrosion, ce qui entraîne une réduction importante de la quantité de fer libérée dans l'eau du robinet. Il a été démontré que le traitement à l'ozone a le plus faible impact négatif sur l'environnement et la santé humaine. Un autre aspect important à considérer est le temps de traitement, qui en pratique signifie un arrêt de la production d'eau potable. S'il prend beaucoup de temps et nécessite la manipulation de produits chimiques, de chasses d'eau et d'effluents, le traitement de désinfection de surface sera plus souvent retardé et sera moins préféré. Les solutions d'ozone nécessitent le temps de traitement le plus court (30 min) comparativement à 6 à 24 heures pour les traitements à base de chlore.

Link: https://en.misis.ru/university/news/science/2021-11/7652/
Logo - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/955872/NUST_MISIS_Logo.jpg

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