PBF Energy Reports First Quarter 2019 Results, Announces Drop-down of Remaining 50% Interest in Torrance Valley Pipeline Company and Declares Dividend of $0.30 Per Share

PBF ENERGY INC. AND  SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited, in millions, except share and per share data)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2019

2018

Revenues

$

5,216.2

$

5,802.8

Cost and expenses:

Cost of products and other

4,209.2

5,132.1

Operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization expense as reflected below)

479.0

426.1

Depreciation and amortization expense 

103.0

83.3

Cost of sales

4,791.2

5,641.5

General and administrative expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization expense as reflected below)

57.6

62.8

Depreciation and amortization expense

2.8

2.7

Loss on sale of assets

—

0.1

Total cost and expenses

4,851.6

5,707.1

Income from operations

364.6

95.7

Other income (expense):

Change in fair value of catalyst leases

(3.1)

—

Interest expense, net

(39.5)

(43.2)

Other non-service components of net periodic benefit cost

(0.1)

0.3

Income before income taxes

321.9

52.8

Income tax expense 

80.5

11.0

Net income

241.4

41.8

Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

12.2

11.4

Net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders

$

229.2

$

30.4

Net income available to Class A common stock per share:

Basic

$

1.91

$

Diluted

$

1.89

$

0.27

Weighted-average shares outstanding-basic

119,880,915

110,820,379

Weighted-average shares outstanding-diluted

122,175,744

115,193,491

Dividends per common share

$

$

0.30

Adjusted fully-converted net income and adjusted fully-converted net income per fully exchanged, fully diluted shares outstanding (Note 1):

Adjusted fully-converted net income

$

231.4

$

31.1

Adjusted fully-converted net income per fully exchanged, fully diluted share 

$

1.89

$

0.27

Adjusted fully-converted shares outstanding - diluted (Note 6)

122,175,744

115,193,491

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP

(Unaudited, in millions, except share and per share data)

Three Months Ended

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO ADJUSTED FULLY-CONVERTED NET INCOME AND ADJUSTED FULLY-CONVERTED  NET INCOME (LOSS) EXCLUDING SPECIAL ITEMS (Note 1)

March 31,

2019

2018

Net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders

$

229.2

$

30.4

Less: Income allocated to participating securities

0.1

0.2

Income available to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders - basic

229.1

30.2

Add: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (Note 2)

3.1

1.3

Less:

Income tax expense (Note 3)

(0.8)

(0.4)

Adjusted fully-converted net income

$

231.4

$

31.1

Special Items (Note 4):

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment

(506.0)

(87.7)

Less: Recomputed income taxes on special items

131.6

23.2

Adjusted fully-converted net income (loss) excluding special items

$

(143.0)

$

(33.4)

Weighted-average shares outstanding of PBF Energy Inc.

119,880,915

110,820,379

Conversion of PBF LLC Series A Units (Note 5)

1,206,325

3,535,140

Common stock equivalents (Note 6)

1,088,504

837,972

Fully-converted shares outstanding - diluted

122,175,744

115,193,491

Adjusted fully-converted net income per fully exchanged, fully diluted shares outstanding

$

1.89

$

0.27

Adjusted fully-converted net loss excluding special items per fully exchanged, fully diluted shares outstanding (Note 4, 6)

$

(1.18)

$

(0.29)

Three Months Ended

RECONCILIATION OF INCOME FROM OPERATIONS TO INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS EXCLUDING SPECIAL ITEMS

March 31,

2019

2018

Income from operations

$

364.6

$

95.7

Special Items (Note 4):

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment

(506.0)

(87.7)

Income (loss) from operations excluding special items

$

(141.4)

$

8.0

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP

EBITDA RECONCILIATIONS (Note 7)

(Unaudited, in millions)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO EBITDA AND EBITDA EXCLUDING SPECIAL ITEMS

2019

2018

Net income

$

241.4

$

41.8

Add:  Depreciation and amortization expense

105.8

86.0

Add:  Interest expense, net

39.5

43.2

Add:  Income tax expense

80.5

11.0

EBITDA

$

467.2

$

182.0

Special Items (Note 4):

Add:  Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment

(506.0)

(87.7)

EBITDA excluding special items

$

(38.8)

$

94.3

Three Months Ended

March 31,

RECONCILIATION OF EBITDA TO ADJUSTED EBITDA

2019

2018

EBITDA

$

467.2

$

182.0

Add:  Stock-based compensation

8.0

5.1

Add:  Net non-cash change in fair value of catalyst leases

3.1

—

Add:  Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment (Note 4)

(506.0)

(87.7)

Adjusted EBITDA

$

(27.7)

$

99.4

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA

(Unaudited, in millions)

March 31,

December 31,

2019

2018

Balance Sheet Data:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

418.3

$

597.3

Inventories

2,566.5

1,865.8

Total assets

9,126.1

8,005.4

Total debt

2,191.0

1,933.7

Total equity

3,446.8

3,248.5

Total equity excluding special items (Note 4, 13)

$

3,375.6

$

3,551.7

Total debt to capitalization ratio (Note 13)

39

%

37

%

Total debt to capitalization ratio, excluding special items (Note 13)

39

%

35

%

Net debt to capitalization ratio (Note 13)

34

%

29

%

Net debt to capitalization ratio, excluding special items (Note 13)

34

%

27

%

SUMMARIZED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW DATA

(Unaudited, in millions)

Three Months Ended March 31,

2019

2018

Cash flows used in operating activities

$

(149.9)

$

(85.4)

Cash flows used in investing activities

(260.6)

(93.3)

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

231.5

(31.3)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

(179.0)

(210.0)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

597.3

573.0

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

$

418.3

$

363.0

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Note 8)

(Unaudited, in millions)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Revenues

$

5,208.7

$

78.8

$

—

$

(71.3)

$

5,216.2

Depreciation and amortization expense

94.3

8.7

2.8

—

105.8

Income (loss) from operations (Note 14)

389.5

34.2

(54.4)

(4.7)

364.6

Interest expense, net

0.5

12.1

26.9

—

39.5

Capital expenditures

247.1

11.2

2.3

—

260.6

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Revenues

$

5,799.1

$

64.7

$

—

$

(61.0)

$

5,802.8

Depreciation and amortization expense

76.7

6.6

2.7

—

86.0

Income (loss) from operations (Note 14)

127.0

33.9

(61.2)

(4.0)

95.7

Interest expense, net

1.9

9.9

31.4

—

43.2

Capital expenditures

88.3

4.0

1.0

—

93.3

Balance at March 31, 2019

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated
Total

Total Assets (Note 15)

$

8,158.2

$

957.2

$

54.6

$

(43.9)

$

9,126.1

Balance at December 31, 2018

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated
Total

Total Assets (Note 15)

$

6,988.0

$

956.4

$

98.1

$

(37.1)

$

8,005.4

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

MARKET INDICATORS AND KEY OPERATING INFORMATION

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

Market Indicators (dollars per barrel) (Note 9)

2019

2018

Dated Brent crude oil

$

63.26

$

66.90

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil

$

54.87

$

62.90

Light Louisiana Sweet (LLS) crude oil

$

62.38

$

65.84

Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil

$

64.39

$

67.20

Crack Spreads:

Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1

$

9.85

$

12.80

WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1

$

12.33

$

11.78

LLS (Gulf Coast) 2-1-1

$

9.89

$

12.84

ANS (West Coast) 4-3-1

$

13.54

$

16.42

Crude Oil Differentials:

Dated Brent (foreign) less WTI

$

8.39

$

4.00

Dated Brent less Maya (heavy, sour)

$

4.50

$

9.15

Dated Brent less WTS (sour)

$

9.55

$

5.40

Dated Brent less ASCI (sour)

$

2.35

$

4.57

WTI less WCS (heavy, sour)

$

9.96

$

26.06

WTI less Bakken (light, sweet)

$

(0.25)

$

1.04

WTI less Syncrude (light, sweet)

$

(0.04)

$

0.30

WTI less LLS (light, sweet)

$

(7.51)

$

(2.94)

WTI less ANS (light, sweet)

$

(9.52)

$

(4.30)

Natural gas (dollars per MMBTU)

$

2.87

$

2.79

Key Operating Information

Production (barrels per day ("bpd") in thousands)

737.7

803.0

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

743.1

799.6

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

66.9

72.0

Consolidated gross margin per barrel of throughput

$

6.35

$

2.26

Gross refining margin, excluding special items, per barrel of throughput (Note 4, Note 10)

$

6.38

$

7.26

Refinery operating expense, per barrel of throughput (Note 11)

$

6.78

$

5.72

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (Note 12)

Heavy

32

%

34

%

Medium

32

%

35

%

Light

24

%

20

%

Other feedstocks and blends

12

%

11

%

Total throughput

100

%

100

%

Yield (% of total throughput)

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

46

%

51

%

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

32

%

31

%

Lubes

1

%

1

%

Chemicals

2

%

2

%

Other

18

%

15

%

Total yield

99

%

100

%

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATING INFORMATION

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2019

2018

Supplemental Operating Information - East Coast (Delaware City and Paulsboro)

Production (bpd in thousands)

299.7

329.6

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

305.0

332.9

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

27.5

30.0

Gross margin per barrel of throughput

$

1.16

$

1.23

Gross refining margin, excluding special items, per barrel of throughput (Note 4, Note 10)

$

3.35

$

6.47

Refinery operating expense, per barrel of throughput (Note 11)

$

6.37

$

5.16

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (Note 12):

Heavy

25

%

23

%

Medium

52

%

52

%

Light

4

%

10

%

Other feedstocks and blends

19

%

15

%

Total throughput

100

%

100

%

Yield (% of total throughput):

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

43

%

48

%

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

31

%

32

%

Lubes

3

%

3

%

Chemicals

1

%

1

%

Other

20

%

15

%

Total yield

98

%

99

%

Supplemental Operating Information - Mid-Continent (Toledo)

Production (bpd in thousands)

150.2

125.0

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

148.0

122.9

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

13.3

11.1

Gross margin per barrel of throughput

$

15.22

$

0.12

Gross refining margin, excluding special items, per barrel of throughput (Note 4, Note 10)

$

12.28

$

8.22

Refinery operating expense, per barrel of throughput (Note 11)

$

5.55

$

6.19

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (Note 12):

Medium

29

%

37

%

Light

70

%

62

%

Other feedstocks and blends

1

%

1

%

Total throughput

100

%

100

%

Yield (% of total throughput):

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

53

%

60

%

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

36

%

32

%

Chemicals

6

%

5

%

Other

6

%

5

%

Total yield

101

%

102

%

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

 SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATING INFORMATION

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2019

2018

Supplemental Operating Information - Gulf Coast (Chalmette)

Production (bpd in thousands)

165.0

167.1

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

164.6

169.2

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

14.8

15.2

Gross margin per barrel of throughput

$

4.48

$

0.06

Gross refining margin, excluding special items, per barrel of throughput (Note 4, Note 10)

$

3.33

$

4.45

Refinery operating expense, per barrel of throughput (Note 11)

$

5.89

$

5.01

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (Note 12):

Heavy

34

%

41

%

Medium

16

%

19

%

Light

37

%

32

%

Other feedstocks and blends

13

%

8

%

Total throughput

100

%

100

%

Yield (% of total throughput):

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

40

%

40

%

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

35

%

33

%

Chemicals

2

%

1

%

Other

23

%

25

%

Total yield

100

%

99

%

Supplemental Operating Information - West Coast (Torrance)

Production (bpd in thousands)

122.8

181.3

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

125.5

174.6

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

11.3

15.7

Gross margin per barrel of throughput

$

7.42

$

5.26

Gross refining margin, excluding special items, per barrel of throughput (Note 4, Note 10)

$

10.76

$

10.81

Refinery operating expense, per barrel of throughput (Note 11)

$

10.40

$

7.13

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (Note 12):

Heavy

82

%

80

%

Medium

8

%

4

%

Other feedstocks and blends

10

%

16

%

Total throughput

100

%

100

%

Yield (% of total throughput):

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

51

%

60

%

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

24

%

28

%

Other

23

%

16

%

Total yield

98

%

104

%

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP

GROSS REFINING MARGIN / GROSS REFINING MARGIN PER BARREL OF THROUGHPUT (Note 10)

(Unaudited, in millions, except per barrel amounts)

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

March 31, 2019

March 31, 2018

RECONCILIATION OF CONSOLIDATED GROSS MARGIN TO GROSS REFINING MARGIN AND GROSS REFINING MARGIN EXCLUDING SPECIAL ITEMS

$

per barrel
of
throughput

$

per barrel
of
throughput

Calculation of consolidated gross margin:

Revenues

$

5,216.2

$

77.99

$

5,802.8

$

80.64

Less: Cost of Sales

4,791.2

71.64

5,641.5

78.38

Consolidated gross margin

$

425.0

$

6.35

$

161.3

$

2.26

Reconciliation of consolidated gross margin to gross refining margin:

Consolidated gross margin

$

425.0

$

6.35

$

161.3

$

2.26

Add: PBFX operating expense

29.9

0.45

18.0

0.25

Add: PBFX depreciation expense

8.7

0.13

6.5

0.08

Less: Revenues of PBFX

(78.8)

(1.18)

(64.0)

(0.89)

Add: Refinery operating expense

453.4

6.78

411.4

5.72

Add: Refinery depreciation expense

94.3

1.41

76.8

1.07

Gross refining margin

$

932.5

$

13.94

$

610.0

$

8.49

   Special Items (Note 4):

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment

(506.0)

(7.56)

(87.7)

(1.23)

Gross refining margin excluding special items

$

426.5

$

6.38

$

522.3

$

7.26

See Footnotes to Earnings Release Tables

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

FOOTNOTES TO EARNINGS RELEASE TABLES

(1) Adjusted fully-converted information is presented in this table as management believes that these Non-GAAP measures, when presented in conjunction with comparable GAAP measures, are useful to investors to compare our results across the periods presented and facilitates an understanding of our operating results. We also use these measures to evaluate our operating performance. These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. The differences between adjusted fully-converted and GAAP results are explained in footnotes 2 through 6.

(2) Represents the elimination of the noncontrolling interest associated with the ownership by the members of PBF Energy Company LLC ("PBF LLC") other than PBF Energy Inc., as if such members had fully exchanged their PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of PBF Energy's Class A common stock.

(3) Represents an adjustment to reflect our estimated annualized statutory corporate tax rate of approximately 26.0% and 26.4% for the 2019 and 2018 periods, respectively, applied to net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for all periods presented. The adjustment assumes the full exchange of existing PBF LLC Series A Units as described in footnote 2.

(4) The Non-GAAP measures presented include adjusted fully-converted net income (loss) excluding special items, income (loss) from operations excluding special items, EBITDA excluding special items and gross refining margin excluding special items. Special items presented for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 relate to a lower of cost or market ("LCM") inventory adjustment, as discussed further below. Additionally, the cumulative effects of all prior period special items on equity are shown in footnote 13.

Although we believe that Non-GAAP financial measures excluding the impact of special items provide useful supplemental information to investors regarding the results and performance of our business and allow for useful period-over-period comparisons, such Non-GAAP measures should only be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Special Items:

LCM inventory adjustment - LCM is a GAAP requirement related to inventory valuation that mandates inventory to be stated at the lower of cost or market. Our inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using last-in, first-out ("LIFO") inventory valuation methodology, in which the most recently incurred costs are charged to cost of sales and inventories are valued at base layer acquisition costs. Market is determined based on an assessment of the current estimated replacement cost and net realizable selling price of the inventory. In periods where the market price of our inventory declines substantially, cost values of inventory may exceed market values. In such instances, we record an adjustment to write down the value of inventory to market value in accordance with GAAP. In subsequent periods, the value of inventory is reassessed and an LCM inventory adjustment is recorded to reflect the net change in the LCM inventory reserve between the prior period and the current period.

The following table includes the LCM inventory reserve as of each date presented (in millions):

2019

2018

January 1,

$

651.8

$

300.5

March 31,

145.8

212.8

The following table includes the corresponding impact of changes in the LCM inventory reserve on income from operations and net income for the periods presented (in millions):

Three Months Ended
 March 31,

2019

2018

Net LCM inventory adjustment benefit in income from operations

$

506.0

$

87.7

Net LCM inventory adjustment benefit in net income

374.4

64.5

(5) Represents an adjustment to weighted-average diluted shares outstanding to assume the full exchange of existing PBF LLC Series A Units as described in footnote 2 above.

(6) Represents weighted-average diluted shares outstanding assuming the conversion of all common stock equivalents, including options and warrants for PBF LLC Series A Units and performance share units and options for shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock as calculated under the treasury stock method (to the extent the impact of such exchange would not be anti-dilutive) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Common stock equivalents exclude the effects of options and warrants to purchase 5,111,617 and 3,982,000 shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock and PBF LLC Series A Units because they are anti-dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For periods showing a net loss, all common stock equivalents are considered anti-dilutive.

(7) EBITDA (Earnings before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and Adjusted EBITDA are supplemental measures of performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA before adjustments for items such as stock-based compensation expense, the non-cash change in the fair value of catalyst leases, the write down of inventory to the LCM, changes in the liability for Tax Receivable Agreement due to factors out of PBF Energy's control such as changes in tax rates, debt extinguishment costs related to refinancing activities, and certain other non-cash items. We use these Non-GAAP financial measures as a supplement to our GAAP results in order to provide additional metrics on factors and trends affecting our business. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are measures of operating performance that are not defined by GAAP and should not be considered substitutes for net income as determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not calculated in the same manner by all companies, they are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have their limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.

(8) We operate in two reportable segments: Refining and Logistics. Our operations that are not included in the Refining and Logistics segments are included in Corporate. As of March 31, 2019, the Refining segment includes the operations of our oil refineries and related facilities in Delaware City, Delaware, Paulsboro, New Jersey, Toledo, Ohio, New Orleans, Louisiana and Torrance, California. The Logistics segment includes the operations of PBF Logistics LP ("PBFX"), a growth-oriented master limited partnership which owns or leases, operates, develops and acquires crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, storage facilities and similar logistics assets. PBFX's assets primarily consist of rail and truck terminals and unloading racks, storage facilities and pipelines, a substantial portion of which were acquired from or contributed by PBF LLC and are located at, or nearby, our refineries. PBFX provides various rail, truck and marine terminaling services, pipeline transportation services and storage services to PBF Holding and/or its subsidiaries and third party customers through fee-based commercial agreements.

PBFX currently does not generate significant third party revenue and intersegment related-party revenues are eliminated in consolidation. From a PBF Energy perspective, our chief operating decision maker evaluates the Logistics segment as a whole without regard to any of PBFX's individual operating segments.

(9) As reported by Platts.

(10) Gross refining margin and gross refining margin per barrel of throughput are Non-GAAP measures because they exclude refinery operating expenses, depreciation and amortization and gross margin of PBFX. Gross refining margin per barrel is gross refining margin, divided by total crude and feedstocks throughput. We believe they are important measures of operating performance and provide useful information to investors because gross refining margin per barrel is a helpful metric comparison to the industry refining margin benchmarks shown in the Market Indicators Tables, as the industry benchmarks do not include a charge for refinery operating expenses and depreciation. Other companies in our industry may not calculate gross refining margin and gross refining margin per barrel in the same manner. Gross refining margin and gross refining margin per barrel of throughput have their limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.

(11) Represents refinery operating expenses, including corporate-owned logistics assets, excluding depreciation and amortization, divided by total crude oil and feedstocks throughput.

(12) We define heavy crude oil as crude oil with American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity less than 24 degrees. We define medium crude oil as crude oil with API gravity between 24 and 35 degrees. We define light crude oil as crude oil with API gravity higher than 35 degrees.

(13) The total debt to capitalization ratio is calculated by dividing total debt by the sum of total debt and total equity. This ratio is a measurement that management believes is useful to investors in analyzing our leverage. Net debt and the net debt to capitalization ratio are Non-GAAP measures. Net debt is calculated by subtracting cash and cash equivalents from total debt. We believe these measurements are also useful to investors since we have the ability to and may decide to use a portion of our cash and cash equivalents to retire or pay down our debt. Additionally, we have also presented the total debt to capitalization and net debt to capitalization ratios excluding the cumulative effects of special items on equity.

March 31,

December 31,

2019

2018

(in millions)

Total debt

$

2,191.0

$

1,933.7

Total equity

3,446.8

3,248.5

Total capitalization

$

5,637.8

$

5,182.2

Total debt

$

2,191.0

$

1,933.7

Total equity excluding special items

3,375.6

3,551.7

Total capitalization excluding special items

$

5,566.6

$

5,485.4

Total equity

$

3,446.8

$

3,248.5

  Special Items (Note 4)

    Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment

145.8

651.8

    Add: Change in Tax Receivable Agreement liability

(290.4)

(290.4)

    Add: Debt extinguishment costs

25.5

25.5

    Add: Gain on Torrance land sale

(43.8)

(43.8)

    Add: Early railcar return expense

52.3

52.3

    Less: Recomputed income taxes on special items

19.2

(112.4)

    Add: Net tax expense on TCJA related special items

20.2

20.2

       Net impact of special items to equity

(71.2)

303.2

Total equity excluding special items

$

3,375.6

$

3,551.7

Total debt

$

2,191.0

$

1,933.7

    Less: Cash and cash equivalents

418.3

597.3

Net Debt

$

1,772.7

$

1,336.4

Total debt to capitalization ratio

39

%

37

%

Total debt to capitalization ratio, excluding special items

39

%

35

%

Net debt to capitalization ratio

34

%

29

%

Net debt to capitalization ratio, excluding special items

34

%

27

%

(14) The Logistics segment includes 100% of the income from operations of the Torrance Valley Pipeline Company LLC ("TVPC"), as TVPC is consolidated by PBFX. PBFX records net income attributable to noncontrolling interest for the 50% equity interest in TVPC held by PBF Holding. PBF Holding (included in the Refining segment) records equity income in investee related to its 50% noncontrolling ownership interest in TVPC. For the purposes of the consolidated PBF Energy financial statements, PBF Holding's equity income in investee and PBFX's net income attributable to noncontrolling interest eliminate in consolidation.

(15) The Logistics segment includes 100% of the assets of TVPC as TVPC is consolidated by PBFX. PBFX records a noncontrolling interest for the 50% equity interest in TVPC held by PBF Holding. PBF Holding (included in the Refining segment) records an equity investment in TVPC reflecting its noncontrolling ownership interest. For the purposes of the consolidated PBF Energy financial statements, PBFX's noncontrolling interest in TVPC and PBF Holding's equity investment in TVPC eliminate in consolidation.