Petrochemical Industry - Key Geographies Experiencing Change in Feedstock Scenario

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Petrochemical Industry - Key Geographies Experiencing Change in Feedstock Scenario

The petrochemicals feedstock supply trend in the major geographies has change in the recent past. While the Middle East countries and Canada are facing lower ethane supplies, the US and Brazil have benefited from the discovery of shale gas and pre-salt reserves respectively. The petrochemicals industry in the Middle East is concentrated in Saudi Arabia, Iran and Qatar and use ethane as the petrochemicals feedstock. Securing new ethane supply contract in the Middle East has become increasingly difficult due to high demand from existing petrochemical plants and the power sector. Due to this many planned petrochemical plants in the region are based on naphtha feedstock.

The natural gas production in Saudi Arabia, Iran and Qatar is increasing at a rapid pace but it is not sufficient o fulfill the requirement from petrochemicals industry. The natural gas production in Saudi Arabia and Iran increased at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.4% and 8.7% respectively. However ethylene capacity in Saudi Arabia and Iran increased at CAGR of 8.1% and 23.1% respectively. Qatar has already imposed a moratorium on its North Dome gas field which has restricted ethane production. Canada is also facing lower ethane production due to lower natural gas supply from Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). The Canadian petroleum industry, however, has also discovered bituminous oil reserve which accounted for more than 50% of its crude oil production in 2010. The Canadian petrochemical industry is now focusing on meeting its future feedstock requirement from these bituminous reserves.

Contrary to the Middle East, where ethane feedstock is becoming scarcer, the US, Brazil and a few European countries have discovered new feedstock sources. The US holds a huge natural gas reserve in the shale rocks which has increased the natural gas supply in the country in the last five years. Many of these reserves contain wet natural gas which would enhance the ethane supply in the country. Brazil has also started the crude oil production from the newly discovered pre-salt reserves and expects to become one of the largest producers of crude oil in the future. Increased crude oil supply will simultaneously enhance naphtha production from Brazil. Shale reserves have been identified in Europe also but there is not significant progress in developing these reserves except in Poland where the commercial production is expected to start in 2015.

Scope

The report provides an in-depth analysis, market opportunities and challenges for manufacturers of petrochemicals, worldwide. It contains detailed information about major feedstock used for petrochemical production and their advantage. Its scope includes - - Feedstock used in various petrochemical industries including Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Middle East and, South and Central America- Historical and forecasted basic petrochemical capacity in the Middle East- Basic petrochemical capacity share by region- Natural gas production in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar and the US- Ethylene capacity growth and ethane supply scenario in major Middle East countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Qatar- Crude oil production in Canada and share of bituminous reserve in total crude oil production- Crude oil production forecast from the Brazilian pre salt reserves- Details of Europe shale gas development

Reasons to buy

The report will enhance your decision making capability in a more rapid and time sensitive manner. It will allow you to - - Understand the impact of feedstock usage on the petrochemicals production in various geographies- Develop business strategies with the help of specific insights on feedstock supply scenario in the global petrochemicals industry - Identify opportunities in the Middle East, European, the US, Canadian and Brazilian petrochemical industries - Identify prospective investment targets through updates on petrochemicals feedstock usage and discussion on newer feedstock sources- Increase future revenue and profitability with the help of insights on the future opportunities and critical success factors in the global petrochemical industry 1 Table of Contents1 Table of Contents 31.1 List of Tables 51.2 List of Figures 62 Introduction 72.1 Overview 72.2 GlobalData Report Guidance 83 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Fractions are the Major Source of Petrochemicals and Control the Feedstock Supply Dynamics 93.1 Steam Cracking is the Dominant Technology Used for the Production of Basic Petrochemicals Worldwide 93.2 Naphtha Derived Petrochemicals are Sensitive to Crude Oil Price Fluctuations 113.3 Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs) are Fractionated from Natural Gas and Used as Feedstock 113.4 Coal Usage as Petrochemical Feedstock is Concentrated in China 124 The Global Petrochemical Industry is Dominated by Naphtha Followed by Natural Gas 134.1 Development of Crude Oil Refineries Resulted in Naphtha-Based Petrochemical Industry in Asia Pacific 144.2 Natural Gas Reserves in North America Provide Ethane Feedstock for the Petrochemical Industry 154.3 Europe Petrochemical Industry Relies on Crude Oil Imports for Naphtha Feedstock 164.4 Natural Gas is a Dominant Feedstock in the Middle East Due to its Easy Availability and Lower Cost 174.5 The South and Central American Petrochemical Industry Uses Diversified Feedstock Slate 195 Middle East Petrochemical Industry is Losing the Cheaper Ethane Feedstock Advantage and Shifting to Naphtha Feedstock 205.1 Cheaper Ethane Feedstock Led to Rapid Development of the Middle East Petrochemical Industry in the Last Decade 205.2 Middle East is Facing Feedstock Supply Constraint due to Inadequate Natural Gas 245.3 Increased Ethylene Capacity, OPEC Quota and Underdeveloped Non-Associated Gas Reserves are Creating Scarcity of Ethane in Saudi Arabia 245.3.1 OPEC Quota is Limiting the Natural Gas Production in Saudi Arabia 245.3.2 Ethane Production is Limited from Non-Associated Gas Reserves Due to High Cost of Production 265.3.3 Ethylene Crackers are Driving the Demand for Ethane in Saudi Arabia 275.3.4 Increase in the Domestic Demand has Brought Down Saudi Arabia's Ethane Exports 295.4 Natural Gas Production is Unable to Support the Flourishing Petrochemical Industry in Iran 315.4.1 Cracker Capacity has Increased at a Faster Pace than Natural Gas Production 315.4.2 Mega Petrochemical Complexes in Iran Utilize Gaseous Feedstock 325.5 Qatar Natural Gas Production is Restricted Due to Moratorium on Gas-based Industrial Projects 345.6 Increasing Demand from Power Sector is Creating Short Supply of Natural Gas for Petrochemical Industry in the Region 365.6.1 Power Sector Account for Bulk of the Natural Gas Consumption in the Middle East 365.6.2 Increase in Power Consumption is Creating Shortage for Petrochemical Feedstock 375.7 Many of the Planned Projects are Utilizing Naphtha as a Major Feedstock Due to Uncertainty over Ethane Supply 416 North America Petrochemical Industry is Aligning Itself to Utilize Newer Feedstock Sources 446.1 The US Petrochemicals Industry is Anticipating Cheaper Feedstock Supply from Shale Gas Development 446.1.1 Natural gas Production in the US is Driven by the Addition of Capacity from Shale Gas Reserves 446.1.2 Ethane Rich Shale Formations are Useful from Petrochemicals Industry's Perspective 466.1.3 Marcellus Shale is Emerging as a Petrochemical Feedstock Source 466.2 Declining Ethane Production from Traditional Gas Reserves is Forcing Canada to Explore Oil Sand Reserves 476.2.1 Lower Price Made Ethane the Dominant Petrochemical Feedstock in Canada 476.2.2 Ethane Availability has Declined in the Recent Past due to Lower Natural Gas Production from Western Canada 476.2.3 Canada Petrochemical Industry is Awaiting to Utilize Bituminous Reserves as a Feedstock Source 487 Discovery of Pre-Salt Reserves in Brazil is Expected to Provide More Economically Available Petrochemical Feedstock 537.1 Brazilian Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry is Set to Expand with the Increased Oil Production 537.2 Government is Promoting the Development of Pre-Salt Reserve by Implementing Regulatory Reform 548 Europe is Making Strides in Shale Gas Exploration and Reducing the Dependancy on Russian Gas Reserves 558.1 Europe is Making Efforts to Develop its Shale Gas Resources Aiming to Decrease its Dependence on Russian Gas 558.2 Higher Cost and Lower Water Availability is Delaying the European Shale Gas Development 558.3 Quality of Gas will Decide the Feedstock Supply Scenario in Europe 559 Appendix 569.1 Definitions 569.1.1 Installed Plant Capacity 569.1.2 Key Feedstock 569.1.3 Process 569.1.4 Technology 569.2 Abbreviations 569.3 GlobalData's Research Methodology 569.3.1 Coverage 579.3.2 Secondary Research 579.3.3 Primary Research 579.3.4 Expert Panel Validation 589.4 Contact Us 589.5 Disclaimer 58

List of Tables

Table 1: Basic Petrochemicals Output from Naphtha, % 11Table 2: Basic Petrochemicals Output from Natural Gas, % 11Table 3: Basic Petrochemical Industry, Global, Coal Based Capacity by Country, %, 2010 12Table 4: Global Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemical Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 13Table 5: Asia Pacific Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 14Table 6: North America Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 15Table 7: Europe Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 16Table 8: Global Petroleum Industry, Countries with Largest Natural Gas Reserves, tcf, 2011 17Table 9: Middle East and Africa Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 18Table 10: South and Central America Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 19Table 11: Petrochemical Industry, the Middle East, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity, MMtpa, 2000-2015 21Table 12: Global Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity Share by Region, 2000-2010 22Table 13: The Middle East Basic Petrochemicals Industry, Major Plants Start up, 2005-2010 23Table 14: Saudi Arabia Petroleum Industry, Proven Gas Reserves, %, 2010 25Table 15: Saudi Arabia Natural Gas Industry, Production, bcf/d, 2000-2010 26Table 16: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production and Ethylene Capacity, 2002-2010 28Table 17: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production and Exports, Trillion BTU, 2002-2010 29Table 18: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, NGLs Production and Exports, MMbbl, 2000-2010 30Table 19: Iran Petrochemical Industry, Ethylene Capacity and Natural Gas Production, 2000-2010 32Table 20: Iran Ethylene Industry, Ethane Based Ethylene Plant Details, 2010 32Table 21: Iran Petrochemical Industry, Major Ethane Plant Details, 2010 33Table 22: Qatar Petrochemical Industry, Ethylene Capacity and Natural Gas Production, 2000-2010 35Table 23: Middle East Natural Gas Industry, Consumption Split by Sectors, %, 2008 36Table 24: Middle East Power Industry, Consumption by Country, Gigawatt Hour, 2000-2010 37Table 25: The Middle East Power Industry, Generation Capacity by Key Countries, MW, 2010 38Table 26: The Middle East Power Industry, Major Gas-Based Active Plant Details in Key Countries, 2010 39Table 27: The Middle East Power Industry, Major Gas-Based Active Plant Details in Key Countries, 2010 (Contd.) 40Table 28: Middle East Petrochemical Industry, Planned Projects Based on Naphtha, 2012-2016 42Table 29: Middle East Petrochemical Industry, Planned Projects Based on Naphtha, 2012-2016 (Contd.) 43Table 30: The US Natural Gas Industry, Production, bcf/d, 2000-2010 45Table 31: The US Petrochemical Industry, Companies Utilising Ethane from Marcellus Shale 46Table 32: Canada Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production, MMcf/d, 2000-2010 48Table 33: Canada Petroleum Industry, Crude Oil Production, MMbbl/d, 2010-2025 48Table 34: Canada Oil Sand Industry, Major Bituminous Fields Details, 2010 49Table 35: Canada Oil Sand Industry, Major Bituminous Fields Details, 2010 (Contd.) 50Table 36: Canada Oil Sand Industry, Major Bituminous Fields Details, 2010 (Contd.) 51Table 37: Canada Oil Sand Industry, Major Bituminous Fields Details, 2010 (Contd.) 52Table 38: Petrobras, Crude Oil Production Forecast, MMbbl/d, 2011–2020 54

List of Figures

Figure 1: Basic Petrochemical Industry, Production Process 10Figure 2: Basic Petrochemical Industry, Global, Coal-Based Capacity by Country, %, 2010 12Figure 3: Global Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemical Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 13Figure 4: Asia Pacific Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 14Figure 5: North America Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 15Figure 6: Europe Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 16Figure 7: Middle East Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 18Figure 8: South and Central America Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity by Feedstock, %, 2010 19Figure 9: Petrochemical Industry, the Middle East, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity, MMtpa, 2000-2015 20Figure 10: Global Petrochemical Industry, Basic Petrochemicals Capacity Share by Region, 2000-2010 22Figure 11: Saudi Arabia Petroleum Industry, Proven Gas Reserves, %, 2010 25Figure 12: Saudi Arabia Natural Gas Industry, Production, bcf/d, 2000-2010 26Figure 13: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production and Ethylene Capacity, 2002-2010 27Figure 14: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production and Exports, Trillion BTU, 2002-2010 29Figure 15: Saudi Arabia Petrochemical Industry, NGLs Production and Exports, MMbbl, 2000-2010 30Figure 16: Iran Petrochemical Industry, Ethylene Capacity and Natural Gas Production, 2000-2010 31Figure 17: Qatar Petrochemical Industry, Ethylene Capacity and Natural Gas Production, 2000-2010 34Figure 18: Middle East Natural Gas Industry, Consumption Split by Sectors, %, 2008 36Figure 19: Middle East Power Industry, Consumption by Country, Gigawatt Hour, 2000-2010 37Figure 20: The US Natural Gas Industry, Production, bcf/d, 2000-2010 45Figure 21: Canada Petrochemical Industry, Ethane Production, MMcf/d, 2000-2010 47Figure 22: Petrobras, Crude Oil Production Forecast, MMbbl/d, 2011–2020 53

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