Pharmacy Automation: Technologies and Global Markets
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REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
-The global market for pharmacy automation increased from $2.1 billion in 2006 to $2.3 billion in 2007. It should reach $3.6 billion by 2012, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.4%.-By 2012, the inpatient pharmacy automation market is expected to be worth nearly $2.9 billion, a CAGR of 9.8%.-The outpatient pharmacy automation segment will continue to experience moderate growth through 2012, with a CAGR of 7.8% over the next 5 years.
INTRODUCTION
Although pharmacy automation dates back to the 1970s with the introduction of pill counting machines, the pharmacy automation market is anticipated to make generous strides in technology and efficiency through the forecast period outlined in this study. The continually increasing demand for accuracy, safety, industry standards, and competency in the pharmacy environment by regulatory authorities, manufacturers, healthcare professionals, and consumers has forced the growth of this market.
New opportunities in various settings will continue to surface-from small, private, family-owned pharmacies to large hospital and mail-order service facilities, such as Medco Health Solutions, Inc. Many small, private pharmacies are still conducting operations through manual and semi-manual methods, particularly in regions outside the United States. The opportunity to fully automate these pharmacies surfaces more often each year, and with a growing compliance with bar coding standards, this trend will continue to increase at a rapid rate. A large portion of inpatient facilities are already highly automated; however, there are advancements in technology and performance improvements every year, and these pharmacies will continue to seek out the most efficient system to upgrade to. In order to remain competitive in the pharmaceutical dispensing business, organizations will be highly dependent on efficient automation systems. Therefore, upgrades are likely to be an ongoing process.
SCOPE OF STUDY
This report contains:-The current global market status for pharmacy automation, with trends and forecasts for growth over the next 5 years
-Analysis of the pharmacy automation industry on a worldwide basis, both from market and application perspectives
-The latest technological advancements along with a thorough patent analysis
-Profiles of leading companies in pharmacy automation including Pyxis Corp, Parata Systems, McKesson and ScriptPro.
METHODOLOGYAll market data pertains the global market at the manufacturers' level. Data is expressed in current U.S. dollars. The base year of the report is 2007, with historical data provided for 2005 and 2006, and forecast data provided for 2012. Historical base year and forecast data are provided for each market segment of the report. Competitor market share estimates are provided for each market segment for the 2007 base year.
Although this study provides information on a variety of pharmacy automation equipment, it does not include a comprehensive list of products available. Many companies offer products to a variety of industry types, including but not limited to the following industries:
ANALYST CREDENTIALS Melissa Elder-Appliance industry
-Aircraft industry
-Automotive industry
-Electrical and electronics industry
-Communications industry
-Food production industry
Some systems not covered in this study include those that are primarily used in other industry types, but are, however, designed to accommodate other settings, including the medical and pharmacy industries.
TABLE OF CONTENTSSTUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY 1
SCOPE AND FORMAT 1
METHODOLOGY 2
ABOUT THE AUTHOR 2
RELATED BCC REPORTS 2
BCC ON-LINE SERVICES 3
DISCLAIMER 3
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 5
MAJOR WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKETS 5
SUMMARY TABLE WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION
MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5
SUMMARY FIGURE WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION
MARKET BY SEGMENT, 2009-2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5
KEY TRENDS 6
LEADING MANUFACTURERS 6
CHAPTER 3 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 9
PHARMACY AUTOMATION INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 9
BACKGROUND, HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET 9
EMPLOYING AUTOMATION TO IMPROVE CURRENT MEDICATION DELIVERY
SYSTEMS 10
Areas for Improvement 11
REGULATORY AUTHORITIES 12
Joint Commission of Accredited Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) 12
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 13
European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) 13
European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) 13
Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) 13
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (RPSGB) 14
National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) 14
Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) 14
Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) 14
Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 14
State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) 15
Federal Trade Commission 15
Drug Enforcement Administration 15
National Association of Boards of Pharmacy 15
CHAPTER 4 ISSUES AFFECTING THE MARKET 18
BAR CODING AND ELECTRONIC MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION 18
TABLE 1 ELECTRONIC HEALTHCARE "MEANINGFUL USE" STAGES ESTABLISHED BY CMS 18
STANDARDIZATION OF BAR CODING 19
TRENDS IN RADIOFREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION DEVICES (RFID) 20
E-Pedigree Systems and RFID 22
HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL TRENDS 22
Pharmacy Personnel 22
Pharmacists 22
Pharmacy Technicians 23
Direct Care Providers 24
INCREASING NUMBER OF PHARAMCISTS IN SELECT REGIONS 25
CONSUMER ISSUES 25
Safety 25
Accuracy and Accountability 26
SAFETY ISSUES 26
FDA Reform Bill 26
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) 27
Medication Administration Errors 27
TABLE 2 AVERAGE ANNUAL ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND MEDICATION
ADMINISTRATION ERRORS 28
TABLE 3 WIDELY REPORTED TYPES OF MEDICATION ERRORS 29
Organizational Structure and Its Effect on Errors 29
COMPLIANCE ISSUES 30
PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT‘NEW REQUIREMENTS
FOR LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES 30
IMPACT OF TELEPHARMACY 31
RETAIL PHARMACY ISSUES 31
IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES 33
BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTATION 34
COST-EFFECTIVENESS IN PHARMACY AUTOMATION 34
Rising Healthcare Costs 35
TABLE 4 HEALTH EXPENDITURES AS PERCENTAGE OF GDP BY COUNTRY, 1980-2010 (%) 35
FIGURE 1 HEALTH EXPENDITURES AS PERCENT OF GDP BY COUNTRY, 1980-2010 (%) 35
Pharmaceutical Expenditures 36
TABLE 5 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENTAGE OF HEALTH
EXPENDITURES AND PER CAPITA BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 37
FIGURE 2 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENTAGE OF HEALTH
EXPENDITURES BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 (%) 38
FIGURE 3 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 ($) 38
DEMOGRAPHICS AND AGING POPULATIONS 38
Global Demographics 38
TABLE 6 ESTIMATED GLOBAL POPULATION AND ANNUAL GROWTH BY SELECTED AGE
GROUP AND SELECTED YEARS, THROUGH 2030 (MILLIONS) 39
FIGURE 4 ESTIMATED GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED AGE GROUP AND SELECTED
YEARS, 2000-2030 (MILLIONS) 39
TABLE 7 GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED COUNTRY, THROUGH 2015 (MILLIONS) 40
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 2010 AND PROJECTED 2015 ($
MILLIONS) 41
Global Life Expectancy 41
TABLE 8 GLOBAL LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 1980 AND 2010
(YEARS) 41
FIGURE 6 GLOBAL LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 1980 AND 2010
(YEARS) 42
U.S. Demographics 42
TABLE 9 U.S. POPULATION ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY AGE GROUP, 1900-2050
(THOUSANDS) 43
FIGURE 7 U.S. POPULATION ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY AGE GROUP, 1900-2050
(THOUSANDS) 43
Gender, Age and Life Expectancy 43
TABLE 10 ESTIMATES OF EXPECTED U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH WITH PROJECTIONS
BY SEX, 2000 AND 2020 (YRS) 44
FIGURE 8 ESTIMATES OF EXPECTED U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH WITH PROJECTIONS
BY SEX, 2000 AND 2020 (YRS) 44
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM USAGE 45
Inpatient Admissions/Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Residents 45
TABLE 11 AVERAGE YEARLY ADMISSIONS AND CURRENT RESIDENTS BY TYPE OF
HEALTHCARE FACILITY IN THE U.S., 2010 45
TABLE 12 NURSING HOMES RESIDENTS BY SELECTED U.S. STATE, 2009 (NO/%) 45
Trends in Hospital Length of Stay 46
TABLE 13 AVERAGE HOSPITAL USAGE STATISTICS, 2000-2010 46
FIGURE 9 HOSPITAL USAGE STATISTICS, 2000-2010 (DAYS) 47
GLOBAL TRENDS 47
Mexico 47
Europe 47
Australia and New Zealand 48
Canada 48
Asia 48
PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS AROUND THE WORLD 48
TABLE 14 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION RANKING OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS, TOP 50,
2000 50
CHAPTER 5 INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION 52
OVERVIEW 52
ACUTE CARE SETTINGS 52
TABLE 15 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF REGISTERED HOSPITALS BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 2010
ESTIMATES 52
TABLE 16 TOTAL NUMBER OF REGISTERED U.S. HOSPITALS BY TYPE, 2010 53
FOR-PROFIT AND NOT-FOR-PROFIT HOSPITALS 53
TABLE 17 U.S. COMMUNITY HOSPITAL COMPARISONS BY PROFIT TYPE, 2010 53
TABLE 18 EXAMPLES OF LEADING FOR-PROFIT U.S. HOSPITAL CHAINS, 2010 ($ BILLIONS) 54
LONG-TERM CARE SETTINGS 54
TABLE 19 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES, 2010 54
CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES 55
TABLE 20 U.S. STATE AND FEDERAL PRISION POPULATIONS BY SELECT CHARACTERISTICS,
2010 55
COST ANALYSIS OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT 55
TABLE 21 COST ANALYSES OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT/PHARMACY
AUTOMATION SETUP USED IN INPATIENT APPLICATIONS 56
CASE STUDIES 58
EVERGREEN HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER (KIRKLAND, WA) 58
LEESBURG REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER (LEESBURG, FL) 58
MIAMI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL (MIAMI, FL.) 58
MOUNTAIN VIEW HOSPITAL (LAS VEGAS, NV) 58
MADERA MEDICAL PHARMACY (MADERA, CA) 58
LUCILE PACKARD CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL (STANFORD, CA) 59
UCSF MEDICAL CENTER (SAN FRANCISCO, CA) 59
ST. JOSEPH HOSPITAL (SAVANNAH, GA) 59
PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS 59
AUTOMATED DISPENSING/STORAGE SYSTEMS 59
Narcotics and Anesthesia Management Systems 62
AUTOMATED PACKAGING SYSTEMS 63
OTHER AUTOMATED SYSTEMS 67
LEVEL OF AUTOMATION WITHIN INPATIENT PHARMACY SETTINGS 68
TABLE 22 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN INPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED
LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 68
FIGURE 10 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN INPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED
LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 68
TABLE 23 SUMMARY OF INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BY
MANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE AND COST ($) 69
FIGURE 11 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPEANâ??DEVELOPED REGIONSâ??INPATIENT
PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 69
INPATIENT AUTOMATION COST BY EQUIPMENT TYPE 70
TABLE 24 SUMMARY OF INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BY
MANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE AND COST ($) 70
MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH 73
OVERVIEW 73
MARKETS BY PRODUCT TYPE 74
TABLE 25 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 74
FIGURE 12 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 74
Product Sales by End User 75
FIGURE 13 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY END
USER, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 76
MARKETS BY WORLD REGION 76
TABLE 26 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BY
WORLD REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 77
FIGURE 14 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET SHARES
BY WORLD REGION, 2012 (%) 77
COMPETITIVE STRUCTURE AND MARKET SHARE 77
TABLE 27 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT
MANUFACTURER REVENUES, ESTIMATED 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 79
FIGURE 15 INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER MARKET
SHARES, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 79
CHAPTER 6 OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION 81
OVERVIEW 81
TABLE 28 U.S. RETAIL PRESCRIPTION DRUG SALES BY OUTLET, 1995â??2010 (NUMBER/$) 81
FIGURE 16 U.S. RETAIL PRESCRIPTION DRUG SALES BY OUTLET, 1995–2010 ($ BILLIONS) 81
OUTPATIENT/FAST-TRACK CLINIC SETTINGS 82
TABLE 29 U.S. OUTPATIENT/FAST-TRACK CLINICS BY SELECTED TYPE OF FACILITY, 2007*
(NO/$ MILLIONS) 82
HOSPITAL RETAIL SETTINGS 83
TABLE 30 U.S. HOSPITAL OUTPATIENT AND EMERGENCY ROOM VISITS BY PATIENT AGE,
2008* (MILLIONS) 83
PHARMACY BENEFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES AND OTHER MAIL-ORDER SETTINGS 83
TABLE 31 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. PHARMACY BENEFIT MANAGEMENT
ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER MAIL-ORDER GROUPS' SALES ACTIVITY, 2011 (NO/$
BILLIONS)
84
PBM Acquisition and Merger Activity 84
Express Scripts and Medco Health Solutions 84
SXC Health Solutions and Catalyst Health Solutions 85
Walgreens and Drugstore.com 85
RETAIL PHARMACY CHAINS 85
TABLE 32 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. RETAIL PHARMACY CHAINS' SALES ACTIVITY, 2011
(NO./$ BILLIONS) 85
TABLE 33 U.S. RETAIL PHARMACY CHAINS: NUMBER OF LOCATIONS BY STATE, 2011 86
FIGURE 17 DISTRIBUTION OF WALGREEN PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 88
FIGURE 18 DISTRIBUTION OF CVS PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 88
FIGURE 19 DISTRIBUTION OF RITE AID PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 89
COST ANALYSIS OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT 90
TABLE 34 EXAMPLE COST ANALYSES OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT USED IN
OUTPATIENT APPLICATIONS 91
ADVANTAGES OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION FOR RETAILERS 91
CASE STUDIES 92
Ohio Department of Mental Health (Columbus, Ohio) 92
London Drugs (Canada) 92
Med-Fast Pharmacy (Bethel Park, Pa.) 92
U.S. Navy and ScriptPro's Telepharmacy Solution 92
PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS 92
Automated Dispensing Systems 92
Automated Packaging/Filling Systems 93
Other Automated Systems 95
LEVEL OF AUTOMATION WITHIN OUTPATIENT PHARMACY SETTINGS 96
TABLE 35 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED
LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97
FIGURE 20 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES AT
ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97
TABLE 36 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPE—DEVELOPED REGOIONS—OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES
AT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97
FIGURE 21 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPE—DEVELOPED REGIONS—OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES
AT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 98
COST OF OUTPATIENT AUTOMATION BY EQUIPMENT TYPE 98
TABLE 37 SUMMARY OF OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BY
MANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE, AND COST 98
MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH 100
Overview 100
Markets by Product Type 100
TABLE 38 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 101
FIGURE 22 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, 2009-2017 ($ MILLIONS) 101
Markets by World Region 101
TABLE 39 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BY
REGION, 2012 (%/$ MILLIONS) 102
FIGURE 23 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET
SHARES BY REGION, 2012 (%) 102
COMPETITIVE STRUCTURE AND MARKET SHARE 102
TABLE 40 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MANUFACTURER
REVENUES, ESTIMATED 2012 (%/$ MILLIONS) 103
FIGURE 24 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MANUFACTURER MARKET
SHARES, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 103
CHAPTER 7 WORLDWIDE MARKET BY SEGMENT 106
WORLDWIDE MARKET BY SEGMENT 106
TABLE 41 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET
BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106
FIGURE 25 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET
BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106
WORLDWIDE MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE 107
TABLE 42 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 107
FIGURE 26 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 107
WORLDWIDE MARKET SHARES BY SEGMENT 108
TABLE 43 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY SEGMENT,
THROUGH 2017 (%) 108
FIGURE 27 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY SEGMENT,
2009-2017 (%) 108
WORLDWIDE MARKET SHARES BY EQUIPMENT TYPE 109
TABLE 44 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
THROUGH 2017 (%) 109
FIGURE 28 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
2009-2017 (%) 109
WORLDWIDE MARKET BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION 110
TABLE 45 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BY REGION, 2012
(%/$ MILLIONS) 110
FIGURE 29 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET SHARES BY REGION,
2012 (%) 110
INDUSTRY PARTICIPANTS BY EQUIPMENT TYPE 111
TABLE 46 INDUSTRY PARTICIPANTS BY EQUIPMENT TYPE, 2011/2012 111
TABLE 47 PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT PROVIDER PRODUCT LIST 112
CHAPTER 8 TECHNOLOGY 117
OVERVIEW 117
CURRENT USES OF TECHNOLOGY 117
COMMUNICATION NETWORK TECHNOLOGY 117
BIOMETRIC-TYPE IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY 117
INFRARED TECHNOLOGY 117
AUTOMATED PARENTERAL DISPENSERS 118
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) TECHNOLOGY 118
BAR-CODE TECHNOLOGY 118
AUTOMATED PHARMACY INVENTORY MANAGEMENT (PIM) SYSTEMS 118
AUTOMATED DISPENSING CABINETS (ADCS) 119
ROBOTICS 119
Robotics in Medicine 120
Robotic Configurations 120
How Robots Mimic Human Movements 120
Robot Locomotion 121
Linear Tracks 121
Sensor Technology 121
Programming Languages 121
User Interfaces 122
Graphic Image Interfaces 122
Guidance Systems 122
Fluorescent Guidepaths 123
Solvent-Borne Guidepaths 123
Water-Borne Emulsion Guidepaths 123
PATENT EVALUATION 124
PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND PHARMACY ROBOT PATENTS 124
TABLE 48 NUMBER OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS ISSUED BY YEAR 125
FIGURE 30 NUMBER OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS ISSUED BY YEAR,
1995-2012* 125
TABLE 49 PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, AS OF JUNE 2012 126
FIGURE 31 PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, AS OF JUNE
2012 (NUMBER OF PATENTS) 131
PATENT HOLDER SUMMARY 132
Asteres Inc. 132
AutoMed Technologies 133
McKesson 133
Medco Health Solutions 133
ScriptPro 134
CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 136
AMERISOURCEBERGEN CORP. 136
TABLE 50 AMERISOURCEBERGEN'S SUMMARY FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 136
BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC. 136
TABLE 51 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 138
CAREFUSION CORP. 138
TABLE 52 CAREFUSION'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 139
CERNER CORP. 139
TABLE 53 CERNER'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 139
EUCLID SPIRAL PAPER TUBE CORP. 139
HEALTH ROBOTICS 140
TABLE 54 HEALTH ROBOTIC'S FINANCIALS, 2010 AND 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 140
INNOVATION ASSOCIATES 141
KIRBY LESTER LLC. 142
MCKESSON CORPORATION 142
TABLE 55 MCKESSON'S FINANCIALS, 2010-2012 ($ MILLIONS) 143
MEDICAL PACKAGING INC. 143
OMNICELL INC. 144
TABLE 56 OMNICELL'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 145
PARATA SYSTEMS LLC 145
SCRIPTPRO LLC 145
CHAPTER 10 APPENDICES 148
APPENDIX I: LEADING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS 148
ADVANCED PHARMACY 148
AMERISOURCEBERGEN CORP. 148
ASTERES INC. 148
BAXA CORP. 149
BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC. 149
BRIDGE MEDICAL INC. 149
CAPSA SOLUTIONS LLC 149
CAREFUSION CORP. 149
CERNER CORP. 149
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. 149
EUCLID SPIRAL PAPER TUBE CORP. 150
HEALTH ROBOTICS 150
INNOVATION ASSOCIATES 150
INTERMETRO INDUSTRIES CORPORATION 150
KIRBY LESTER LLC. 150
M.E.D.S. INC. 150
MCKESSON CORP. 150
MED-DISPENSE LLC 151
MEDICAL PACKAGING INC. 151
MEDITEC PTY LTD. 151
MTS MEDICATION TECHNOLOGIES INC. 151
OMNICELL INC. 151
PARATA SYSTEMS 151
PEARSON MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES LLC 151
RX SYSTEMS INC. 152
RXSAFE LLC 152
SCRIPTPRO LLC 152
TALYST INC. 152
TCGRX 152
TOSHO INC. 153
APPENDIX II: OTHER RELATED COMPANIES 153
ABBOTT LABORATORIES 153
ASSOCIATED PHARMACIES INC. 153
ASTRAZENECA PLC 153
BECKMAN COULTER INC. 153
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB CO. 153
CARDINAL HEALTH INC. 154
DIEBOLD INC. 154
FAULDING PHARMACEUTICAL CO. 154
FOREST LABORATORIES INC. 154
FULCRUM INC. 154
GE HEALTHCARE 154
GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC 154
IBM CORPORATION 155
IMPINJ INC. 155
KVM TECHNOLOGIES 155
LUCIANO PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES INC. 155
MEDSELECT INC. 155
MICROSOFT CORP. 155
MOTOROLA INC. 155
MULTUM INFORMATION SERVICES 156
NEVOCA.COM INC. 156
NOVARTIS INTERNATIONAL AG 156
NOVOPHARM LTD. 156
PERRIGO CO. 156
PFIZER INC. 156
PHARMITAS INC. 156
SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES 157
SYSTECH CORPORATION 157
TAGSYS 157
TELEPHARMACY SOLUTIONS INC. 157
APPENDIX III: HOSPITALS, RETAIL PHARMACIES, AND OTHERS 157
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS INC. 157
COSTCO WHOLESALE CORP. 157
CVS CAREMARK 157
EVERGREEN HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER 158
EXPRESS SCRIPTS INC. 158
FLAGLER HOSPITAL 158
GOLDEN LIVING 158
HCA MANAGEMENT SERVICES INC. 158
HCR MANOR CARE INC. 158
HEALTH MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES INC. 158
IASIS HEALTHCARE CORP. 159
JACKSON HOSPITAL 159
JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL, THE 159
KINDRED HEALTHCARE INC. 159
KROGER COMPANY, THE 159
LEESBURG REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER 159
LIFEBRIDGE HEALTH-SINAI HOSPITAL OF BALTIMORE 159
LIFEPOINT HOSPITALS INC. 160
LONDON DRUGS LTD. 160
LUCILE PACKARD CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 160
MEDCO HEALTH SOLUTIONS INC. 160
MEDICINE SHOPPE INTERNATIONAL, THE 160
MEDIMPACT HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS INC. 160
MIAMI CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL 160
MOUNTAIN VIEW HOSPITAL 161
OHIO DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH 161
RITE AID CORP. 161
SAVASENIORCARE LLC 161
TENET HEALTHCARE CORP. 161
SXC 161
UNITED SUPERMARKETS LTD. 161
UNIVERSAL HEALTH SERVICES INC. 162
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND MEDICAL CENTER 162
VANGUARD HEALTH SYSTEMS INC. 162
WALGREEN CO. 162
WAL-MART STORES INC. 162
APPENDIX IV: ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS 162
AGENCY FOR HEALTHCARE RESEARCH AND QUALITY 162
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES OF PHARMACY 163
AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION 163
AUSTRALIAN DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND AGING 163
AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF HEALTH AND WELFARE 163
CANADIAN INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH INFORMATION 163
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION 163
CENTERS FOR MEDICARE AND MEDICAID SERVICES 164
CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY 164
DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION 164
EUROPEAN FEDERATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES AND ASSOCIATIONS 164
EUROPEAN MEDICINES EVALUATION AGENCY 164
EUROPEAN PATENT OFFICE 164
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION 164
FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 165
HEALTH CANADA 165
INSTITUTE FOR SAFE MEDICATION PRACTICES 165
JAPANESE MINISTRY OF HEALTH, LABOR, AND WELFARE 165
THE JOINT COMMISSION JCAHO 165
MEDICINES AND HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS REGULATORY AGENCY 165
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BOARDS OF PHARMACY 166
NATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY AGENCY 166
OREGON STATE BOARD OF PHARMACY 166
ROYAL PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN 166
STATE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 166
THERAPEUTIC GOODS ADMINISTRATIONTHERAPEUTIC GOODS ADMINISTRATION 167
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 167
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 167
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 167
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 167
U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 167
LIST OF TABLESSUMMARY TABLE WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATIONMARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5TABLE 1 ELECTRONIC HEALTHCARE "MEANINGFUL USE" STAGES ESTABLISHED BY CMS 18TABLE 2 AVERAGE ANNUAL ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND MEDICATIONADMINISTRATION ERRORS 28TABLE 3 WIDELY REPORTED TYPES OF MEDICATION ERRORS 29TABLE 4 HEALTH EXPENDITURES AS PERCENTAGE OF GDP BY COUNTRY, 1980-2010 (%) 35TABLE 5 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENTAGE OF HEALTH EXPENDITURESAND PER CAPITA BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 37TABLE 6 ESTIMATED GLOBAL POPULATION AND ANNUAL GROWTH BY SELECTED AGEGROUP AND SELECTED YEARS, THROUGH 2030 (MILLIONS) 39TABLE 7 GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED COUNTRY, THROUGH 2015 (MILLIONS) 40TABLE 8 GLOBAL LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 1980 AND 2010(YEARS) 41TABLE 9 U.S. POPULATION ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY AGE GROUP, 1900-2050(THOUSANDS) 43TABLE 10 ESTIMATES OF EXPECTED U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH WITH PROJECTIONSBY SEX, 2000 AND 2020 (YRS) 44TABLE 11 AVERAGE YEARLY ADMISSIONS AND CURRENT RESIDENTS BY TYPE OFHEALTHCARE FACILITY IN THE U.S., 2010 45TABLE 12 NURSING HOMES RESIDENTS BY SELECTED U.S. STATE, 2009 (NO/%) 45TABLE 13 AVERAGE HOSPITAL USAGE STATISTICS, 2000-2010 46TABLE 14 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION RANKING OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS, TOP 50,2000 50TABLE 15 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF REGISTERED HOSPITALS BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 2010ESTIMATES 52TABLE 16 TOTAL NUMBER OF REGISTERED U.S. HOSPITALS BY TYPE, 2010 53TABLE 17 U.S. COMMUNITY HOSPITAL COMPARISONS BY PROFIT TYPE, 2010 53TABLE 18 EXAMPLES OF LEADING FOR-PROFIT U.S. HOSPITAL CHAINS, 2010 ($ BILLIONS) 54TABLE 19 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES, 2010 54TABLE 20 U.S. STATE AND FEDERAL PRISION POPULATIONS BY SELECT CHARACTERISTICS,2010 55TABLE 21 COST ANALYSES OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT/PHARMACYAUTOMATION SETUP USED IN INPATIENT APPLICATIONS 56TABLE 22 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN INPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATEDLEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 68TABLE 23 SUMMARY OF INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BYMANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE AND COST ($) 69TABLE 24 SUMMARY OF INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BYMANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE AND COST ($) 70TABLE 25 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 74TABLE 26 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BYWORLD REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 77TABLE 27 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERREVENUES, ESTIMATED 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 79TABLE 28 U.S. RETAIL PRESCRIPTION DRUG SALES BY OUTLET, 1995â??2010 (NUMBER/$) 81TABLE 29 U.S. OUTPATIENT/FAST-TRACK CLINICS BY SELECTED TYPE OF FACILITY, 2007*(NO/$ MILLIONS) 82TABLE 30 U.S. HOSPITAL OUTPATIENT AND EMERGENCY ROOM VISITS BY PATIENT AGE,2008* (MILLIONS) 83TABLE 31 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. PHARMACY BENEFIT MANAGEMENTORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER MAIL-ORDER GROUPS' SALES ACTIVITY, 2011 (NO/$ BILLIONS) 84TABLE 32 EXAMPLES OF LEADING U.S. RETAIL PHARMACY CHAINS' SALES ACTIVITY, 2011(NO./$ BILLIONS) 85TABLE 33 U.S. RETAIL PHARMACY CHAINS: NUMBER OF LOCATIONS BY STATE, 2011 86TABLE 34 EXAMPLE COST ANALYSES OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT USED INOUTPATIENT APPLICATIONS 91TABLE 35 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATEDLEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97TABLE 36 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPE—DEVELOPED REGOIONS—OUTPATIENT PHARMACIESAT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97TABLE 37 SUMMARY OF OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT BYMANUFACTURER, EQUIPMENT TYPE, AND COST 98TABLE 38 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENTTYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 101TABLE 39 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BYREGION, 2012 (%/$ MILLIONS) 102TABLE 40 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MANUFACTURER REVENUES,ESTIMATED 2012 (%/$ MILLIONS) 103TABLE 41 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BYSEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106TABLE 42 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE, THROUGH2017 ($ MILLIONS) 107TABLE 43 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY SEGMENT, THROUGH2017 (%) 108TABLE 44 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,THROUGH 2017 (%) 109TABLE 45 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS REVENUES BY REGION, 2012(%/$ MILLIONS) 110TABLE 46 INDUSTRY PARTICIPANTS BY EQUIPMENT TYPE, 2011/2012 111TABLE 47 PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT PROVIDER PRODUCT LIST 112TABLE 48 NUMBER OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS ISSUED BY YEAR 125TABLE 49 PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, AS OF JUNE 2012 126TABLE 50 AMERISOURCEBERGEN'S SUMMARY FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 136TABLE 51 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 138TABLE 52 CAREFUSION'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 139TABLE 53 CERNER'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 139TABLE 54 HEALTH ROBOTIC'S FINANCIALS, 2010 AND 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 140TABLE 55 MCKESSON'S FINANCIALS, 2010-2012 ($ MILLIONS) 143TABLE 56 OMNICELL'S FINANCIALS, 2009-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 145
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION
MARKET BY SEGMENT, 2009-2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5
FIGURE 1 HEALTH EXPENDITURES AS PERCENT OF GDP BY COUNTRY, 1980-2010 (%) 35
FIGURE 2 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENTAGE OF HEALTH
EXPENDITURES BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 (%) 38
FIGURE 3 PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA BY COUNTRY, 2005 AND 2010 ($) 38
FIGURE 4 ESTIMATED GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED AGE GROUP AND SELECTED
YEARS, 2000-2030 (MILLIONS) 39
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL POPULATION BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 2010 AND PROJECTED 2015 ($
MILLIONS) 41
FIGURE 6 GLOBAL LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH BY SELECTED COUNTRY, 1980 AND 2010
(YEARS) 42
FIGURE 7 U.S. POPULATION ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY AGE GROUP, 1900-2050
(THOUSANDS) 43
FIGURE 8 ESTIMATES OF EXPECTED U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH WITH PROJECTIONS
BY SEX, 2000 AND 2020 (YRS) 44
FIGURE 9 HOSPITAL USAGE STATISTICS, 2000-2010 (DAYS) 47
FIGURE 10 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN INPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED
LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 68
FIGURE 11 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPEANâ??DEVELOPED REGIONSâ??INPATIENT
PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 69
FIGURE 12 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 74
FIGURE 13 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY END
USER, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 76
FIGURE 14 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET SHARES
BY WORLD REGION, 2012 (%) 77
FIGURE 15 INPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER MARKET
SHARES, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 79
FIGURE 16 U.S. RETAIL PRESCRIPTION DRUG SALES BY OUTLET, 1995–2010 ($ BILLIONS) 81
FIGURE 17 DISTRIBUTION OF WALGREEN PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 88
FIGURE 18 DISTRIBUTION OF CVS PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 88
FIGURE 19 DISTRIBUTION OF RITE AID PHARMACIES IN THE U.S. BY STATE, 2011 89
FIGURE 20 PERCENTAGE OF U.S. AND CANADIAN OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES AT ESTIMATED
LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 97
FIGURE 21 PERCENTAGE OF EUROPE—DEVELOPED REGIONS—OUTPATIENT PHARMACIES
AT ESTIMATED LEVELS OF AUTOMATION, 2011 (%) 98
FIGURE 22 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT
TYPE, 2009-2017 ($ MILLIONS) 101
FIGURE 23 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET SHARES
BY REGION, 2012 (%) 102
FIGURE 24 WORLDWIDE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MANUFACTURER MARKET
SHARES, ESTIMATED 2012 (%) 103
FIGURE 25 WORLDWIDE INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET
BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106
FIGURE 26 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 107
FIGURE 27 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY SEGMENT,
2009-2017 (%) 108
FIGURE 28 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION MARKET SHARES BY EQUIPMENT TYPE,
2009-2017 (%) 109
FIGURE 29 WORLDWIDE PHARMACY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS MARKET SHARES BY REGION,
2012 (%) 110
FIGURE 30 NUMBER OF PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS ISSUED BY YEAR,
1995-2012* 125
FIGURE 31 PHARMACY AUTOMATION AND ROBOT PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, AS OF JUNE 2012
(NUMBER OF PATENTS) 131
To order this report:Pharmacies_and_Drug_Stores Industry: Pharmacy Automation: Technologies and Global Markets
Nicolas Bombourg
Reportlinker
Email: [email protected]
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Intl: +1 805-652-2626
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