Reportlinker Adds Electric car markets in Europe - 10 countries analysis and strategic review
NEW YORK, Oct. 26 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:
Electric car markets in Europe - 10 countries analysis and strategic review
INTRODUCTION
Background Electric cars have been around since 1832, when Robert Anderson of Scotland invented the first electric-driven horseless carriage. However, Henry Ford guaranteed their rapid decline in popularity when his efficient manufacturing processes and use of the internal combustion engine created a mass market for cars at relatively low prices. Two issues have now changed the game. The health hazards of limitless CO2 emissions, to ourselves and our planet, have been acknowledged and the high price of oil seems likely to continue its rise as cheaply accessible reserves decline. This means that the days of the internal combustion engine for transport purposes may be limited. Judgments about the growth and shape of the mass consumer market for electric vehicles are of necessity made against a background of vehicles that are effectively prototypes and not yet in full production, or are produced in relatively low quantities as specialized or niche market vehicles. The improvement of battery technology to the point that it truly offers a long-distance alternative comparable to a traditional internal combustion engine is also subject to debate. This helps to explain the widely differing views on how quickly the consumer market can be expected to re-adopt this technology, and it is worth noting that there are competing transportation models and technologies for "greening" the atmosphere including the use of bio-fuels, hydrogen fuel cells, hybrids and rapidly improving internal combustion engines with much reduced carbon emissions.
There is also an argument that suggests that there is little gain in using zero emission electric cars if the power generated for their use comes from fossil fuels rather than renewable sources. Thus the rapid deployment of renewable energy goes hand-in-hand with the development of this market. The costs associated with the adoption of electric cars include a high initial price that takes account both of the early stage of this market with its battery requirements and a low running cost. While levels of car pricing will decrease as technology developments take place and production volumes rise, it seems likely that, in time, methods will be found to ensure that taxation levied on current fuels will be transferred to usage of "green" power.
This market is dynamic and while Europe is presently lagging behind other parts of the world in these developments there is no doubt that the continent has the will, the motivation and the technological capability to retain its position as a major competitive power. This Report This Report addresses the European market for plug-in electric cars, both battery and plug-in hybrid (serial configuration). Market forecasts include both types of vehicle, as these feature similar infrastructure requirements and are generally subject to the same adoption incentives in most European countries. In addition, our assumption is that vehicles will be able to operate under freeway conditions for performance and crash safety. Countries reviewed in detail, which between them account for almost 90% of European new car registrations in the EU, are: • Belgium • Denmark • France • Germany • Italy • Netherlands • Portugal • Spain • Sweden • UK
Currency rates used are: UK Pound1 = US$ 1.51 Euro 1 = US$ 1.26 SEK 1 = US$ 0.13 DKK 1 = US$ 0.17
Key forecasting assumptions made within this Report include:
- Unit sales: based on a sales switch to electric cars as a proportion of all cars
- Sales growth: based on industry information on vehicle launches, EV production capacities, and supra-national and national activity relating to EVs
- Pricing: based on industry information on launch and current pricing of EVs, and averaged base data on national levels of car pricing (taken over a range of models)
Information gathered in the course of our research for this Report came from multiple sources including:
- - European Commission and national governments
- Supra-national and national automotive trade associations and other trade bodies
- -Car and automotive component manufacturers, dealers and designers
- Infrastructure developers and power industry sources
- Trade, specialist and general e-publications
- Confidential sources within the industry
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF EXHIBITS8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY10
1. INTRODUCTION12
Background12
This Report13
2. TECHNOLOGY14
Electric Cars14
Batteries15
Charging Infrastructure15
Power Supply16
3. EUROPEAN UNION: LEGISLATION AND STRATEGIES17
Implementing Agreement on Hybrid and Electric Vehicles17
Emissions Reductions17
CO2: Auto Emissions18
European Green Cars Initiative19
4. STRATEGIC OVERVIEW: EUROPEAN MARKETS21
Markets and Trends21
Strategic Rationale for Electric Vehicle Adoption21
Innovation & Competitiveness21
CO2 emissions23
Moving forward23
Market Forecasts23
5. BELGIUM30
Markets and Forecasts30
Market Background30
Market Forecasts30
National Programmes33
Consumer Incentives34
Infrastructure Development34
Market Activity34
Cars and Batteries34
ELEKTROMOTIVE34
GREEN PROPULSION35
IMPERIA AUTOMOBILES / GREEN PROPULSION35
LEASEPLAN BELGIUM35
PANASONIC35
THE PLUGIN COMPANY35
REVA36
TOYOTA36
Infrastructure and Power37
ELECTRABEL37
Conclusions and Opportunity37
6. DENMARK38
Markets and Forecasts38
Market Background38
Market Forecasts38
Government Programmes41
Renault/Better Place42
Edison Project42
Market Activity43
Cars and Batteries43
LITHIUM BALANCE A/S43
LYNX ELECTRIC44
BYD44
Infrastructure and Power45
DONG ENERGY45
In co-operation with Project Better Place, the company has taken the initiative of installing recharging stations and battery charging facilities ahead of the Project's launch in 2011.45
Conclusions and Opportunity45
7. FRANCE46
Markets and Trends46
Market Background46
Market Forecasts46
National Programmes49
Market Activity52
Cars and Batteries52
BOLLORE52
DAIMLER52
HEULIEZ52
PSA PEUGEOT CITROEN52
RENAULT53
SAFT53
OTHERS53
Infrastructure and Power53
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC53
DBT54
EDF54
Conclusions and Opportunity54
8. GERMANY55
Markets and Trends55
Market Background55
Market Forecasts55
National Programmes58
National Electromobility Development Plan58
Federal Assistance for Electromobility Development59
Economic Stimulus Package II59
Existing Programmes for Electromobility Development61
Battery Development61
E-Energy Technology61
Infrastructure Programmes62
Market Activity62
Cars and Batteries62
BMW62
DAIMLER63
GM64
MERCEDES64
OPEL (GM)64
PORSCHE64
VOLKSWAGEN/AUDI (VAG)64
EDAG65
MAGNA65
Infrastructure and Power Supply65
FORD/RHEIN-ENERGIE65
RWE/DAIMLER65
E.ON66
Conclusions and Opportunity66
9. ITALY67
Markets and Forecasts67
Market Background67
Market Forecasts67
National Programmes70
National policies70
Regional policies70
Lombardy70
Lazio70
Infrastructure development71
e-mobility Italy71
e-moving72
Current R&D programmes72
The MOVE team, Politecnico di Milano72
POMOS (Centre for Sustainable Transport)73
Centro Ricerche Fiat (CRF) (Fiat Research Centre)73
Market Activity74
Cars and Batteries74
DAIMLER74
ECOLORI ENERMOVE74
ECOMISSION74
EFFIDI AUTOMOTIVE GROUP75
FIAT75
PININFARINA76
REVA76
TAZZARI GROUP77
Infrastructure and Power Supply77
A2A77
ENEL77
Conclusions and Opportunity78
10. NETHERLANDS79
Markets and Trends79
Market Background79
Market Forecasts79
National Programmes82
Action Plan for Electric Vehicles82
Development Projects84
e-laad.nl84
Amsterdam84
Friesland85
Research and Development85
D-INCERT85
c.mm.n86
Market Activity86
Cars and Batteries86
CENTRIC AUTOMOTIVE.86
DURACAR HOLDING B.V.87
ELECTRIC CARS EUROPE87
FORMULA ZERO87
PHILIPS APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES87
SPYKER88
Infrastructure and Power Supply88
ENEXIS B.V.88
EPYON POWER89
Conclusions and Opportunity89
11. PORTUGAL90
Markets and Forecasts90
Market Background90
Market Forecasts90
National Programmes93
Mobi-E Network93
Consumer incentives94
Integrated Electric Mobility Model94
Market Activity95
Cars and Batteries95
RENAULT-NISSAN95
NISSAN-NEC95
THE U-CAR96
Infrastructure and Power96
EDP S.A. (ENERGIAS DE PORTUGAL)96
MOBI.E TECH96
IT_EV GROUP97
INTELI97
CEIIA-CE97
CRITICAL SOFTWARE97
EDP INOVAÇAO97
EFACEC97
NOVABASE97
Conclusions and Opportunity98
12. SPAIN99
Markets and Trends99
Market Background99
Market Forecasts99
National Programmes103
Proyecto Movele103
Strategy to Promote Electric Vehicles in Spain103
Consumer incentives104
Research Programmes105
IREC105
Market Activity106
Cars and Batteries106
DAIMLER-ACCIONA106
FORD106
MICRO-VETT107
RENAULT107
RENAULT/NISSAN107
SEAT107
THINK108
Infrastructure and Power108
ACCIONA108
ENDESA109
IBERDROLA109
INDRA110
INGETEAM110
TELEFONICA110
Conclusions and Opportunity111
13. SWEDEN112
Markets and Forecasts112
Market Background112
Market Forecasts112
National Programmes115
Green Highway115
Legacy Infrastructure116
Stockholm116
Swedish Electric Mobility Initiative117
Research117
ETC Battery and Fuel Cells Sweden AB117
PowerCircle117
Test Site Sweden118
Market Activity118
Cars and Batteries118
ALELION BATTERIES AB118
ELECTROENGINE IN SWEDEN AB119
SAAB119
VOLVO CARS119
Infrastructure and Power Supply120
VATTENFALL120
Conclusions and Opportunity121
14. UNITED KINGDOM122
Markets and Trends122
Market Background122
Market Forecasts123
National Programmes126
Vehicle Incentive Scheme126
Consumer subsidy126
Manufacturer Requirements126
Infrastructure Development128
Plugged In Places128
Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Grant Programme129
Plug-In Vehicle Economics and Infrastructure project/Joined-Cities Plan129
Low Carbon Vehicle Projects129
Low Carbon Vehicles Innovation Platform129
Ultra Low Carbon Vehicle Demonstrators130
Low Carbon Economic Areas130
Other pilot schemes131
University-based Research131
Cranfield University131
Durham University Centre for Automotive Research132
Manchester University Aerospace Research Institute132
Oxford Brookes University Sustainable Vehicle Engineering Centre132
Sheffield University Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering – Electrical Machines and Drives Research Group132
University of Southampton School of Engineering Sciences133
Strathclyde University Institute for Energy and Environment133
University of Warwick133
Market Activity133
Cars and Batteries133
ALLIED VEHICLES GROUP133
BEE AUTOMOBILES134
CITROËN134
DELTA MOTORSPORT134
ECOTRICITY134
FIAT134
FORD135
GORDON MURRAY DESIGN/ZYTEK135
GREEN MOTORSPORT LTD.135
JAGUAR/LANDROVER136
JJAD LTD.136
LIBERTY ELECTRIC CARS136
LIGHTNING CAR COMPANY136
LOTUS ENGINEERING137
NISSAN137
PRODRIVE137
RICARDO CONTROL AND ELECTRONICS TECHNICAL CENTRE137
TOYOTA137
VAUXHALL138
Infrastructure and Power Supply138
ELEKTROMOTIVE138
IBERDROLA RENOVABLES138
E.ON138
SCOTTISH AND SOUTHERN ENERGY138
Conclusions and Opportunity139
15. CONCLUSIONS140
Vehicle sales140
Integration of renewable energy/smart grid technology141
Personal transport management141
Investment in/partnerships for technology development141
Revived automotive industry141
APPENDIX A144
PROFILES OF MARKET PARTICIPANTS144
APPENDIX B188
INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANCY GROUP LTD188
TABLE OF EXHIBITS
Tables
Table 1: National Data
Table 2: Europe – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 3: Belgium – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 4: Denmark – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 5: Denmark ¬¬– Edison Project Work Programmes
Table 6: France – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 7: France – Plan for Electric Vehicle Development
Table 8: Germany – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 9: Germany – Research Priorities and Projects
Table 10: Italy – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 11: Netherlands – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 12: Netherlands – Strategy for Electric Vehicle Adoption
Table 13: Portugal – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 14: Spain – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 15: Sweden – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 16: UK – Forecast Market Development 2010-2020
Table 17: UK – Requirements for Vehicle Incentive Scheme 2011
Figures
Figure 1: Configurations of BEV and PHEV
Figure 2: National Comparisons – Forecast Annual Market Size
by Value 2020
Figure 3: National Comparisons – Forecast Annual Unit Market 2020
Figure 4: National Comparisons – Forecast Total Unit Sales
2011-2020
Figure 5: National Comparisons – Estimated % of Total New Car
Registrations 2011-2020
Figure 6: Belgium – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 7: Belgium – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 8: Denmark – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 9: Denmark – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 10: France – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 11: France – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 12: Germany – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 13: Germany – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 14: Italy – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 15: Italy – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 16: Netherlands – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 17: Netherlands – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 18: Portugal – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 19: Portugal – Forecast Build-up of Unit Marker 2011-2020
Figure 20: Spain – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 21: Spain – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
Figure 22: Sweden – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 23: Sweden – Forecast Build-up of Unit market 2011-2020
Figure 24: UK – Estimated % of Total Annual Car Sales 2011-2020
Figure 25: UK – Forecast Build-up of Unit Market 2011-2020
PROFILED MARKET PARTICIPANTS
Profiles are alphabetically listed
A2A
ACCIONA
ACI CONSULT
ALELION BATTERIES
ALLIED VEHICLES
BEE AUTOMOBILES
BETTER PLACE
BMW
BOLLOR?
BYD COMPANY
CE11A CE
CENTRIC AUTOMOTIVE
CRITICAL SOFTWARE
DAIMLER GROUP
DBT
DELTA MOTOSPORT
DONG ENERGY
DURACAR HOLDING
ELECTRIC CARS EUR
ECOLORI
ECOTRICITY
EDAG
EDF
EDP
EFACEC
EFFEDI AUTOMOBILE
ELECTROENGINE
ELEKTROMOTIVE
ELECTRASUN
ENDESA
ENEL ENEXIS
E.ON
EPYON POWER
ETC
FIAT
FORD MOTOR CO
FORMULA ZERO
GORDON MURRAY
GM EUROPE
GREEN PROPULSION
HEULIEZ
IBERDROLA
IMPERIA AUTOMOBILE
INDRA
INGETEAM
INTELI
JAGUAR/LANDROVER
JJAD
LEASEPLAN CORP
LIBERTY ELECTRIC
LIGHTNING CAR CO
LITHIUM BALANCE
LOTUS ENGINEERING
LYNX ELECTRIC
MAGNA INT. INC
MERCEDES-BENZ
MICRO-VETT
MITSUBISHI
MOBI.E TECH
NISSAN
NOVABASE PANASONIC
PHILIPS APPLIED TECH
PININFARINA
PORSCHE AUTOMOBIL
POWERCIRCLE
PRODRIVE
PSA
RENAULT
REVA ELECTRIC CAR
RHEINENERGIE
RICARDO CONTROL
RWE
SAAB
SAFT
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
SEAT
SPYKER
SYSTEAM
TATA MOTORS
TAZZARI GROUP
TELEFONICA
TEST SITE SWEDEN
THE PLUGIN COMPANY
THINK
TOYOTA
VAG GROUP
VOLVO
ZYTEC
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Clean Vehicle Industry: Electric car markets in Europe - 10 countries analysis and strategic review
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