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新研究发现隐匿性头皮炎症可能有助于解释穿掘性蜂窝组织炎复发和扩散的原因

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Dr. U Hair and Skin Clinic

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Dr. U Hair and Skin Clinic

Aug 05, 2026, 09:16 ET

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配对头皮活检在所有 12 例外观正常的头皮样本和所有三个静止期结节中均发现了 PIILIF(毛囊周围淋巴细胞性炎症和纤维化),而活动性病变则在 PIILIF 背景上表现出额外的化脓性炎症和组织损伤

加利福尼亚州曼哈顿海滩2026年8月5日 /美通社/ -- 洛杉矶地区 Dr. U Hair and Skin Clinic 的研究人员报告称,头皮穿掘性蜂窝组织炎的影响可能不仅限于表面可见的疼痛肿块、渗液和窦道。他们的开放获取、经同行评审的论文《穿掘性蜂窝组织炎中的毛囊周围淋巴细胞性炎症和纤维化:一致组织病理学模式的证据》于 7 月 17 日发表在《临床、美容和研究皮肤病学》期刊上。

穿掘性蜂窝组织炎是一种慢性头皮疾病,可导致疼痛性肿块、脓液、皮下窦道和永久性瘢痕性脱发。该研究考察了 PIILIF,这是一种围绕毛囊上部的隐匿性免疫炎症和早期瘢痕形成模式。在活动性病变、静止期结节和外观正常的头皮中均发现了 PIILIF。

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研究显示隐匿性毛囊周围炎症与穿掘性蜂窝组织炎有关
研究显示隐匿性毛囊周围炎症与穿掘性蜂窝组织炎有关

“穿掘性蜂窝组织炎通常在出现疼痛、排脓或形成窦道后才被发现,”委员会认证皮肤科医生、主要作者 Sanusi Umar 医学博士表示,“我们的研究结果表明,这些可见的急性发作之下,可能是累及外观正常头皮的更隐匿、更广泛的炎症过程。这改变了我们的观察部位和活检时机,也指明了未来治疗研究需要解决的问题。”

研究设计和主要发现

研究人员对 12 名连续就诊且经临床和活检确诊为穿掘性蜂窝组织炎的男性患者进行了回顾性分析。在高倍率头皮成像技术的引导下,对外观正常的头皮以及活动性病变或静止期结节进行了配对活检。两位获得委员会认证的皮肤病理学家在设盲状态下独立审查了样本。

主要发现包括:

  • 在所有 12 例外观正常头皮的活检样本和所有三个静止期结节中均发现了 PIILIF。
  • 所有九例活动性病变均显示出叠加在 PIILIF 之上的穿掘性蜂窝组织炎典型化脓性炎症和组织损伤。
  • 三名患者此前曾因疑似脂溢性皮炎(即头皮屑)接受治疗,但研究中的活检结果均不支持这一诊断。这表明细微的 PIILIF 相关变化有时可能被误认为是头皮屑。

研究结果的重要性

在外观正常的头皮、静止期结节和活动性皮损中均存在 PIILIF,这表明它可能是穿掘性蜂窝组织炎更广泛的潜在组成部分,而不仅局限于可见的急性发作期表现。这可能有助于解释为何该病在急性发作看似平息后仍会复发、扩散至邻近头皮区域,或与其他瘢痕性脱发疾病重叠。

该论文建立在 Umar 博士团队此前关于项部瘢痕疙瘩性痤疮和雄激素性脱发中 PIILIF 的研究基础之上,提示在不同类型的脱发疾病中,普遍存在一种以毛囊为中心的共性病理模式。

“这种反复出现的模式提示 PIILIF 可能是多种难治性脱发疾病共有的基础性炎症成分,”Umar 表示,“这仍然是一个假设,但它为研究指明了重点方向:确定在治疗活动性炎症的同时针对 PIILIF 进行干预是否可以改善长期控制效果。”

作者提醒,这是一项小型的回顾性研究,需要更大规模的对照研究来确定 PIILIF 是否可以预测新发病灶、复发、进展或治疗反应。

###

关于 Sanusi Umar 博士

Sanusi Umar 医学博士是一位获得委员会认证的皮肤科医生和 Dr. U Hair and Skin Clinic 的创始人,同时也是 UCLA 和 Harbor-UCLA 的临床讲师,专攻复杂脱发和瘢痕性脱发。

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Xuran Huang
公关协调员
Dr. U Hair and Skin Clinic
电话:+1-310-318-1500
电子邮件:[email protected]

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