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Agomelatina: nuove evidenze dimostrano l'efficacia significativa nel trattamento dell'ansia nei pazienti depressi


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Servier

Sep 05, 2011, 06:00 ET

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PARIGI, September 5, 2011 /PRNewswire/ --

Correlazione positiva tra l'efficacia di Agomelatina ed il grado di severità della patologia

Nuovi dati, presentati oggi al 24mo Congresso del Collegio Europeo di Neuropsicofarmacologia (ECNP), sottolineano ulteriormente il profilo di efficacia unico di agomelatina nel trattamento dell'ansia nei pazienti depressi confrontato con gli antidepressivi più comunemente utilizzati.

In aggiunta, l'efficacia ansiolitica di agomelatina è addirittura superiore nei pazienti depressi con elevato grado di ansia.

I dati presentati oggi si riferiscono ad una meta-analisi di 6 grandi studi multicentrici, ognuno dalla durata di 6-8 settimane, che ha coinvolto quasi 2.000 pazienti con disturbo depressivo maggiore (DDM). Tra questi, più di 900 pazienti avevano un grado di ansia elevato, definito dal punteggio di almeno 5 relativo alla sottoscala per l'ansia della Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).

Tre degli studi analizzati, hanno messo a confronto agomelatina con inibitori selettivi del reuptake di Serotonina (SRRIs) sertralina e fluoxetina, e con un inibitore selettivo del reuptake di serotonina e noradrenalina (SNRIs), venlafaxina, mentre gli altri 3 studi hanno confrontato agomelatina con placebo.

"Questi nuovi dati cono importanti, perché la compresenza di ansia nel quadro depressivo è spesso associata ad una peggiore prognosi, aumentato grado di invalidità e maggiore utilizzo di farmaci", ha spiegato prof. Dan Stein, responsabile del dipartimento di Psichiatria all'ospedale per le malattie mentali all'Università di Cape Town, Sudafrica. "Queste nuove evidenze posizionano il nuovo antidepressivo agomelatina come un trattamento promettente per la gestione dei sintomi ansiosi in pazienti che soffrono di depressione".

Confrontata con placebo, agomelatina ha dimostrato di ridurre significativamente il punteggio relativo ai sintomi ansiosi sulla scala HAM-D a partire già dalla seconda settimana (p<0,004). Questo miglioramento precoce conduce all'efficacia significativa di agomelatina anche nel corso dello studio (p<0,001), che è addirittura superiore in pazienti con grado di ansia maggiore. (p<0,001).

Agomelatina ha dimostrato di essere più efficace nel ridurre i sintomi ansiosi anche rispetto alle molecole di confronto. Infatti agomelatina ha portato ad una differenza significativa sulla scala Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) di 1,39 (p=0,006). I maggiori benefici di agomelatina rispetto alle molecole più comunemente utilizzate erano addirittura superiori in pazienti con alto grado di ansia, con una differenza pari a 1,72 sulla scala HAM-A. (p=0,032).

Prof. Sidney Kennedy, Professore di Psichiatria all'Università dio Toronto (Canada), ha sottolineato: "Oltre a consistenti evidenze sull'efficacia antidepressiva, questi nuovi dati rinforzano la potente efficacia antidepressiva di agomelatina nella gestione dell'ansia, rispetto agli antidepressivi comunemente utilizzati. In aggiunta, questa efficacia è stata confermata dai riscontri clinici dei pazienti che riportano "la sensazione di benessere" e di essere "meno ansiosi" già dalla seconda settimana di trattamento.[i.ii]"

Agomelatina è il primo antidepressivo melatoninergico che agisce contemporaneamente come agonista  sui recettori MT1 e MT2 meltoninergici e come antagonista del recettore 5HT2c. Questo conferisce all'agomelatina le proprietà di risincronizzazione dei ritmi circadiani che sono marcatamente alterati nei pazienti depressi, pertanto, agomelatina rappresenta un approccio completamente innovativo al trattamento della depressione.[iii,iv]

Agomelatina è il primo antidepressivo con caratteristiche non-monoamminergiche.[v] Questo è il motivo per cui agomelatina rappresenta un reale passo avanti nel trattamento e quindi offre ai clinici uno strumento più efficace sia nella riduzione dei sintomi depressivi che sintomi d'ansia nei pazienti depressi, anche nelle forme di ansia più grave.[i]

Agomelatina ha ottenuto l'autorizzazione europea all'immissione in commercio nel Febbraio 2009 e ora è disponibile in più di 40 Paesi in tutto il mondo per il trattamento degli episodi di Depressione Maggiore negli adulti.

Note per gli editori

Programma internazionale di sviluppo di Agomelatina

L'efficacia di agomelatina nel Disturbo Depressivo Maggiore (DDM) è stata dimostrata in numerosi trials clinici all'interno di un programma internazionale di sviluppo del farmaco. Questo programma di sviluppo che ha coinvolto quasi 6.000 pazienti depressi, documenta un profilo farmacologico e di efficacia unico di agomelatina confrontata con placebo, con SSRI e SNRI.

I risultati di questi studi hanno dimostrato che Agomelatina :

  • E' più efficace degli antidepressivi tradizionali in ogni fase della depressione, portando ad un maggiore miglioramento dei pazienti già dalla prima settimana di trattamento, e qualunque sia l'intensità della sintomatologia depressiva anche nelle forme più gravi di depressione.[vi,vii,viii]
  • Riduce significativamente l'incidenza di ricadute depressive a lungo termine[vi]
  • Preserva la funzionalità sessuale, è neutrale sul peso corporeo e offre un profilo di tollerabilità favorevole, pertanto contribuisce ad una maggiore aderenza al trattamento e alla remissione dei pazienti depressi [ix,x]
  • E' facile da usare: 1 compressa da 25 mg prima di coricarsi, senza causare sintomi da sospensione al momento dall'interruzione del trattamento [xi,xii]

Note bibliografiche

[i] Leproult R, Van Ondergergen A, L'Hermite-Balériaux M et al.Phase-shifts of 24-h hormonal release and body temperature following early evening administration of the melatonin agonist agomelatine in healthy older men. Clin. Endocrinol. 2005;63:298-304

[ii] Hale A, Corral R, Mencacci O, Saiz Ruiz J, Severo A, Gentil V. Superior efficacy of agomelatine vs fluoxetine in severe MDD patients: a randomised, double-blind study. J. Eur. College of Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009;19(suppl 3):S418

[iii] Leproult R, Van Ondergergen A, L'Hermite-Balériaux M, Van Cautert E, Copinschi G. Clin. Endocrinol. 2005;63:298-304

[iv] Hale A, Corral R, Mencacci O, Saiz Ruiz J, Severo A, Gentil V. Superior efficacy of agomelatine vs fluoxetine in severe MDD patients: a randomised, double-blind study. J. Eur. College of Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009;19(suppl 3):S418

[v] De Bodinat C, et al. Agomelatine , the first melatonergic antidepressant : discovery, characterization and development. Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery 2010; 9:628-642

[vi] Goodwin G et al, Agomelatine Prevents Relapse in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Without Evidence of a Discontinuation Syndrome: A 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2009;70(8):1128-1137

[vii] Stahl SM, Fava M, Trivedi MH, Caputo A, Shah A, Post A. Agomelatine in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: An 8-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2010;71(5):616-626

[viii] Kasper S et al. Efficacy of the Novel Antidepressant Agomelatine on the Circadian Rest-Activity Cycle and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison with Sertraline. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2010;71(2):109-120

[ix] Kennedy S, Rizvi S. Agomelatine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: potential for clinical effectiveness. CNS Drugs 2010 Review Article

[x] Kennedy SH, Rizvi S, Fulton K, Rasmussen J. A Double-Blind Comparison of Sexual Functioning, Antidepressant Efficacy, and Tolerability Between Agomelatine and Venlafaxine XR. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28:329-333

[xi] Montgomery SA, Kennedy SH, Burrows GD, Lejoyeux M, Hindmarch I. Absence of discontinuation symptoms with agomelatine and occurrence of discontinuation symptoms with paroxetine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004;19:271-280

[xii]Agomelatine® Summary of Product Characteristics

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