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China puede alcanzar técnica y económicamente cero emisiones netas de carbono y ser y una economía rica en 2050
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News provided by

Rocky Mountain Institute; The Energy Transitions Commission

Nov 22, 2019, 09:17 ET

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- Es técnica y económicamente posible para China alcanzar cero emisiones netas de carbono y convertirse en una economía desarrollada y rica en 2050

PEKÍN, 22 de noviembre de 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- La Comisión de Transiciones Energéticas (ETC, por sus siglas en inglés) ha publicado hoy su informe "China 2050: A Fully Developed Rich Zero-Carbon Economy" (China 2050: una economía libre de carbono, rica y completamente desarrollada) en asociación con el Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI). El informe indica que es técnica y económicamente posible para China convertirse en una economía completamente desarrollada y, a su vez, alcanzar cero emisiones netas de carbono para mediados de siglo.

Según el informe, la inversión necesaria para alcanzar este objetivo es fácil de conseguir dadas las elevadas tasas de ahorro y de inversión de China, y teniendo en cuenta que el impacto en el producto interior bruto (PIB) per cápita de China será mínimo en 2050. El compromiso de alcanzar cero emisiones para 2050 estimulará las inversiones y la innovación, también mejorará enormemente la calidad del aire local y permitirá a China establecerse como líder tecnológico en múltiples sectores.

El informe muestra cómo China puede reducir la demanda final de energía mientras el nivel de vida sigue creciendo. Una menor demanda de acero y cemento, un uso más circular de todos los materiales (especialmente del plástico) y las propias ventajas de eficiencia energética alcanzadas a través de la electrificación del transporte de superficie y la calefacción de los edificios permitirán a China disfrutar de un PIB per cápita y unos niveles de vida tres veces más altos que los existentes, así como reducir la demanda final de energía de los 88 EJ (exajulios) actuales a 64 EJ en 2050. En consecuencia, la demanda total de energía primaria de China podría caer un 45%, de los 132 EJ actuales a 73 EJ en 2050. Esto implicaría un cambio drástico de las fuentes de energía: la demanda de combustibles fósiles caería alrededor de un 90% y la energía de origen no fósil se multiplicaría por 3,4.

Con respecto a la cadena de suministro, alcanzar cero emisiones netas exigirá la descarbonización completa de los procesos de generación de electricidad y la expansión masiva del uso de electricidad, que pasaría de los 7000 teravatios-hora (TWh) de 2018 a los 15.000 teravatios-hora (TWh) en 2050. Cerca del 70% de la producción total de electricidad podría proceder de los recursos eólicos y solares, con una cartera de flexibilidad de red y opciones de almacenamiento que ayuden a equilibrar la oferta y la demanda. Esto también implicaría un aumento de más del triple en la producción y el uso de hidrógeno, de 25 millones de toneladas a más de 80 millones de toneladas en 2050. Otras alternativas también desempeñarán un papel importante, pero más limitado, como el aumento de la producción de bioenergía y la captura de carbono, y su posterior uso o almacenamiento.

El informe también destaca acciones clave a nivel sectorial y sugiere políticas públicas para alcanzar el objetivo de cero emisiones de carbono.

Para leer el informe completo, visite: http://www.energy-transitions.org/china-2050-fully-developed-rich-zero-carbon-economy

Contacto:
Nick Steel
(347) 574-0887
[email protected]

Related Links

http://www.rmi.org

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