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European Hematology Association - Mutationen im PIGA-Gen verursachen eine neue Form der juvenilen Hämochromatose
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European Hematology Association (EHA)

Jun 11, 2021, 03:00 ET

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DEN HAAG, Niederlande, 11. Juni 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Die Eisenüberladungsstörung hereditäre Hämochromatose ist die häufigste genetische Störung in der kaukasischen Bevölkerung. Unbehandelt führt die Eisenüberladung bei älteren Patienten zu fortschreitenden Organschäden wie Herzversagen, Diabetes, Leberzirrhose und Krebs. Neben dem häufigen spät auftretenden Subtyp der Hämochromatose wurden seltene Formen mit schwerer Eisenakkumulation bei Kindern beschrieben. Unsere Arbeit identifiziert einen neuen Subtyp der juvenilen Hämochromatose, dessen Ursache Mutationen im Phosphatidylinositolglykan Klasse A (PIGA)-Gen sind, einem Gen, das Proteine an der Zellmembran verankert. Systemische Eisenüberladung und PIGA-Mutationen wurden bei drei juvenilen Patienten mit neurologischen Defiziten diagnostiziert. Wir haben CRISPR/Cas-vermittelte Gendeletion von PIGA in einer Leberzelllinie angewendet, um den Pathomechanismus der Eisenüberlastung zu untersuchen. Wir zeigen, dass die PIGA-Deletion verhindert, dass die Zellmembran an Hemojuvelin gebunden wird, einem Protein, das die Bildung eines aktiven Knochenmorphogenetischen Rezeptorkomplexes erleichtert, der die Erhöhung des Hepcidin signalisiert, einem hepatischen Hormon, das den systemischen Eisenspiegel reguliert. Daher reduziert der Mangel an PIGA die Hepcidin-Expression und trägt so zur beobachteten Eisenüberlastung bei unseren Patienten bei. Desweiteren ist Ceruloplasmin, eine Ferroxidase, die am zellulären Eisenexport beteiligt ist, ebenfalls über Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol (GPI) verankert. Die PIGA-Deletion senkt die Ceruloplasmin-Spiegel stark, was zur intrazellulären Eisenakkumulation und zur Freisetzung toxischer Eisenformen beitragen kann. Dadurch verschlimmert sich die Eisenüberlastung noch mehr.

Zusammengenommen identifizieren unsere Ergebnisse eine neuartige Form der juvenilen hereditären Hämochromatose und ihren molekularen Mechanismus, indem sie zeigen, dass die Funktion von zwei GPI-verankerten Proteinen, die an der Aufrechterhaltung der Eisenhomöostase, des Hämospiegels und des Ceruloplasmins beteiligt sind, durch PIGA-Mutationen beeinträchtigt wird. Diese neue Verbindung spricht für die Notwendigkeit einer klinischen Bewertung einer möglichen Eisenüberladung bei Patienten mit Keimbahn-PIGA-Mutationen.

Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie wird Dr. Oriana Marques im Rahmen des Presidential-Symposiums vorstellen.

Vortragende(r): Dr. Oriana Marques

Zugehörigkeit: Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

Kurzdarstellung: #S100 PIGA-KEIMBAHNMUTATIONEN VERURSACHEN EINE VERMINDERTE HEPCIDIN-EXPRESSION UND EINEN NEUEN SUBTYP DER HEREDITÄREN HÄMOCHROMATOSE

Informationen zum EHA Jahreskongress: Jedes Jahr im Juni veranstaltet die EHA ihren Jahreskongress in einer europäischen Großstadt. Aufgrund der anhaltenden COVID19-Pandemie organisiert die EHA in diesem Jahr zum zweiten Mal einen virtuellen Kongress. Der Kongress richtet sich an medizinisches Fachpersonal, das auf dem Gebiet der Hämatologie arbeitet oder daran interessiert ist.

Website: www.ehaweb.org

(Logo - http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/622259/EHA_Logo.jpg) 

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