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耶鲁医学院获得了近2500万美元的拨款,用于绘制发育中的大脑和推进自闭症研究

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Aug 31, 2026, 14:43 ET

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康涅狄格州纽黑文2026年8月31日 /美通社/ --  “调整研究以影响自闭症”(ARIA)计划向耶鲁医学院(YSM)提供了近2500万美元的拨款。该奖项是ARIA  人类发育神经生物学研究中心的一部分,重点是 构建发育中的人脑的基础地图和模型,并阐明自闭症如何以及何时不同于典型发育。

耶鲁医学院让和大卫•华莱士院长 南希•布朗说:“我们非常感谢ARIA对耶鲁的投资。” “他们的慈善事业正在推动自闭症研究的新时代,我们希望这将使人们了解自闭症研究在大脑发育中的最早起点。他们拨款的影响将远远超出耶鲁医学院,创造的知识可以指导自闭症患者及其家庭的早期检测、更清晰的生物标志物和更精确的干预措施。” 

该补助金由医学博士、哈维和凯特•库欣神经科学教授、YSM比较医学、遗传学和精神病学教授内纳德•塞斯坦以及哈佛大学戈卢布家族干细胞和再生生物学教授 保拉•阿洛塔博士共同领导,旨在通过建立检测所需的基础模型,应对其起源——早期大脑发育——的科学挑战解释和解决发展问题差异。

塞斯坦说:“我和我的同事们对ARIA富有远见的支持深表感谢。” “这个奖项使我们能够推进对人脑神经回路发展的研究。通过汇集跨学科和机构的专家,我们的目标是更好地了解大脑发育是如何展开的,以及自闭症是如何出现的。最终,我们希望这项工作能加速发现,改善早期发现,并为更有效的干预措施提供信息。”

自闭症是一种神经发育疾病,会影响沟通、社交互动和行为,通常包括学习、注意力、感官处理、睡眠或运动技能的差异。根据疾病控制中心的数据,在美国,每31名儿童中就有1名患有自闭症。世界卫生组织估计, 全球大约每100名 儿童中就有  1名受到影响。

早期大脑发育的科学 “登月”

尽管神经科学取得了数十年的进步,但研究人员缺乏发育中的人类大脑的高分辨率、延时 “地图”。塞斯坦说:“我们有详细的星球地图,但我们的大脑地图,尤其是发育中的大脑地图,仍然不完整。”

大脑的最早发育阶段很难直接研究, 因为大脑的成熟持续了近二十年 ,发育中的人体组织的研究机会有限。同时,自闭症相关差异首次显现的时期也是大脑变化最快的时期。 许多神经元和大多数突触回路是在生命的最初几年形成的,这意味着不能简单地缩小成人大脑模型以了解婴儿或幼儿。

如果没有精确的发育参考资料,科学家们就会努力查明机制,识别早期生活中的偏差,或者设计能够反映特定人物在特定时间生物学的干预措施。在耶鲁大学越来越多的ARIA支持工作的基础上,这笔拨款将整合实验、成像、计算和临床合作伙伴关系,以建立该参考并将其转化为发现,从而实现协调一致的方法。

ARIA对YSM的投资支持两个旨在提供具体工具和资源的项目,包括:

  • 发育中的大脑布线的高分辨率地图
  • 自闭症与典型发育的不同之处的细胞和分子模型

这些项目是与哈佛大学更广泛的四个项目合作的一部分,其中还包括:

  • 患者衍生的大脑类器官,用于连接遗传学、发育和临床特征
  • 生成式 AI 用于预测干预措施并确定治疗靶点的优先顺序

要了解更多信息,请访问 medicine.yale.edu。

耶鲁医学院简介

耶鲁医学院培养医学和科学领域的领导者,培养好奇心和批判性探究能力。它是生物医学研究、临床护理和医学教育领域的全球领导者。耶鲁拥有1,700多名医生,为全球患者提供富有同情心的护理。耶鲁医学教育系统强调批判性思维和独立研究,培养学术医学领域的领导者。

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