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Resumen del Congreso de Memoria Nacional en Varsovia
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News provided by

Institute of National Remembrance

Apr 20, 2023, 10:00 ET

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Historia como profesor de la vida y la muerte

VARSOVIA, Polonia, 20 de abril de 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- "La historia es un profesor de la vida y, para los Polacos, también profesor de la muerte", así es como el presidente del Instituto de Memoria Nacional, Dr. Karol Nawrocki, anunció el antiguo proverbio en uno de los paneles del Congreso de Memoria Nacional, celebrado en Varsovia los días 13 a 15 de abril de 2023. El evento atrajo a 13.000 participantes, incluidos 7.000 jóvenes.

Como resultado de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Polonia perdió aproximadamente 12 millones de ciudadanos. De este número, casi 6 millones de ciudadanos polacos fueron asesinados, especialmente por los alemanes, pero también recordamos a las víctimas de los crímenes soviéticos, por ejemplo, a las de Katyn. El profesor Stéphan Courtois, coautor del "Libro Negro del Comunismo", dijo en el Congreso que "los polacos experimentaron una doble ocupación durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, pero el pacto Soviético-Alemán que condujo a ello es una verdadera brecha en la historia y en la memoria europea. Esta es la principal causa de los problemas europeos de hoy, como se revela especialmente por la guerra en Ucrania".

Otros 6 millones de polacos se encontraron fuera del país como resultado de la deportación a Alemania y a la Unión Soviética, la emigración forzada o los cambios fronterizos.

El viceministro de Relaciones Exteriores Arkadiusz Mularczyk recordó que Polonia está exigiendo reparaciones de parte de Alemania por la exterminación de polacos y otros delitos y destrucción. Recordó, por ejemplo, que "los alemanes robaron 200.000 niños polacos, que no fue de interés al Tribunal de Nuremberg después de la guerra". 

Entre otros eventos, el Congreso incluyó el Festival Internacional de Cine sobre el Totalitarismo "Ecos de Katyn". Los principales premios fueron al director letón Viesturs Kairiss por su película "January" y al director polaco Miłosz Kozioł por su película "Captain Pilecki", sobre un polaco que se ofreció como voluntario para ser encarcelado en el campo de concentración alemán de Auschwitz para enviar información sobre este trágico lugar.

El Instituto de Memoria Nacional inauguró en el Congreso una nueva exposición multimedia, llamada "Trails of Hope. The Odyssey of Freedom". Muestra la lucha de los polacos en muchos frentes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, así como el destino de la población civil evacuada de la URSS con el ejército del general Anders y luego dispersada por todo el mundo. Cuando Alemania invadió la Unión Soviética en 1941, Stalin acordó organizar entre los exiliados polacos un ejército de casi 100.000 soldados que fueron evacuados a través de Irán. La exposición será presentada en alrededor de 50 países.

FUENTE Institute of National Remembrance

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