Gas Sensors and Gas Metering: Applications and Markets

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Sep 04, 2014, 02:49 ET

NEW YORK, Sept. 4, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Gas Sensors and Gas Metering: Applications and Markets

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0297997/Gas-Sensors-and-Gas-Metering-Applications-and-Markets.html

This BCC Research report deals with gas metering and gas sensors/monitoring, including instrumentation, process control, and automation systems for different applications. It also describes and analyzes developments in the markets for commercial gas meters and gas sensors/monitors since 2010 and developing revised market projections that reflect these developments.

Use this report to:

- Learn about the current status and the future supply and demand issues for gas meters and sensors/monitors, providing consumers with insight into the dynamics of the business.

- Examine the applications enveloping various gas flow metering technologies.

- Gain information on design criteria and the importance of accuracy in gas sensors and metering technologies

Highlights

- BCC Research estimates the global market for gas flow meters, sensors, monitors, and secondary flow instrumentation totaed $4.5 billion in 2013 and $4.8 billion in 2014. Growing at a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.9%, the market should exceed $6.4 billion by 2019.- Gas flow sensors/monitors market accounted for nearly $2.2 billion in 2013. The market segment is predicted to increase to $2.3 billion by 2014, and with a CAGR of 6.7% from 2014 to 2019, it is expected that the market will reach $3.2 billion by 2019.- BCC Research estimates that the gas flow meters segment of the market will reach nearly $2.4 billion by 2019 up from $1.9 billion in 2014, a CAGR of 5.1% from 2014 to 2019.

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

This report is an update of an earlier (2010) BCC Research study on gas metering and gas sensors/monitoring, including instrumentation, process control, and automationsystems for different applications. This updated report builds on the earlier work by describing and analyzing developments in the markets for commercial gas meters andgas sensors/monitors since 2010 and developing revised market projections that reflect these developments. Specific objectives of this report thus include the following:

- Understanding metering requirements

- Appreciating design criteria and the importance of accuracy

- Understanding measurement concepts and types of error

- Understanding the basic concepts, principle of operation, and equipment used for gas metering, gas sensing/monitoring, secondary gas flow instrumentation, and sampling

- Understanding the typical operations, control functions and record keeping requirements

- Evaluating the application envelopes of the various gas flow metering technologies

- Providing a critical evaluation of the current status of gas meter and sensor/monitor commercial markets

- Analyzing the role of gas metering and sensing/monitoring in various applications segments, including custody transfer of natural gas, stack and flare systems, utilities, crude oil and natural gas production/ processing, and low gas flow rates (e.g., chemical manufacturing, and metal fabrication and processing)

- Discussing and analyzing the current status and future supply and demand issues for gas meters and sensors/monitors and thus providing consumers with an insight into

the dynamics of the business

- Identifying future business opportunities

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

AND

INTENDED AUDIENCE

The market for gas flow meters and gas flow sensors and monitors has experienced considerable changes in the last four years, including internal changes (e.g., as a resultof technological developments) and external shifts, particularly the global economic weakness that has persisted since the 2008-2009 recession. This report provides information useful to anyone concerned with the manufacturing, marketing, operation, and maintenance of gas metering and gas sensing/monitoring systems, including thefollowing:

- Operations engineers

- Graduate engineers

- Supervisors

- Operators

- Metering specialists/technicians

- Project developers

- Government experts from developed and developing countries

- Technology providers

- Verifiers/certifiers and validators

- Financial intermediaries (banks, insurance companies)

- Brokers and traders interested in metering and sensing/monitoring market developments and regulatory trends

- Law firms

- Accounting and auditing firms

- Marketing managers

- Senior petrochemical executives

SCOPE OF REPORT

This report presents data on demand for gas metering and gas sensors/monitors for different applications in current U.S. dollars for the major global regions. Market shareis presented for all major products, applications, gases, players/regions, and at the global level. Profiles are included for leading suppliers worldwide. The report begins with an overview of gas sensing and monitoring technologies, including a brief history, major products, and a market summary. Subsequent sections describe major gas sensing and monitoring technologies in greater detail, identify key suppliers, and present comprehensive market estimates and projections. A separate chapter examines the geographical structure of the market.

METHODOLOGY

Both primary and secondary research methodologies were used in preparing this report. BCC Research conducted an extensive international user survey in preparing the previous edition of this report. Users in the following countries were interviewed:

North America

- U.S.

- Canada

Europe

- U.K.

- Germany

- France

Asia

- China

- Japan

- Singapore

Rest of the World

Central and South America

Africa and the Middle East

BCC Research supplemented the earlier survey's findings with a literature review and key-informant interviews. The results of this process were combined with BCC Research's analysis of historical trends in carbon dioxide (CO2) demand and projected trends in major market drivers to obtain the market estimates and projectionscontained in this report.

INFORMATION SOURCES

Information sources include trade data (national and international), company publicity literature, conference reports, world trade technical journals, and interviews with

company representatives.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 2

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY AND INTENDED AUDIENCE 2

SCOPE OF REPORT 3

METHODOLOGY 3

INFORMATION SOURCES 4

ANALYSTS' CREDENTIALS 4

RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4

BCC RESEARCH WEBSITE 5

DISCLAIMER 5

CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 7

SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERS, SENSORS/MONITORS,

AND SECONDARY FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY PRODUCT TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($

MILLIONS)

SUMMARY FIGURE TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERS,

SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY FLOW, 2013-2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7

CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW 10

HISTORY OF GAS FLOW METERING AND GAS SENSING/MONITORING 10

GAS FLOW METERS 10

GAS ANALYZERS 12

SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION 12

TECHNOLOGIES 12

APPLICATIONS 13

TABLE 1 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR GAS FLOW METERING, GAS

SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY MARKET

SEGMENT

MARKET SUMMARY 17

PRODUCT CATEGORY 17

TABLE 2 MARKET FOR GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY

FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, THROUGH 2019 (%) 17

FIGURE 1 GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY FLOW

INSTRUMENTATION MARKET PRODUCT SEGMENTS, 2013-2019 (%) 17

APPLICATION SEGMENTS 18

TABLE 3 MARKET FOR GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY

FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY TYPE OF APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 18

FIGURE 2 GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY FLOW

INSTRUMENTATION MARKET APPLICATION SEGMENTS, 2013-2019 (%) 18

GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS 19

TABLE 4 MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND

SECONDARY FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 19

FIGURE 3 GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY FLOW

INSTRUMENTATION MARKET GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS, 2013-2019 (%) 19

CHAPTER 4 GAS SENSING AND MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES 22

DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES 22

EXTRACTIVE MANUAL TECHNIQUES 22

Nitrogen Oxides 22

CO 23

Oxygen 23

Sulfur Dioxide 23

VOCs 23

INSTRUMENTED TECHNIQUES 23

CEMS 24

FIGURE 4 TYPICAL SAMPLING SYSTEMS FOR AN ONSTREAM ANALYZER 24

Sample Transport and Conditioning 25

Sample Gas Analysis 26

Wet-Basis Gas Analysis 26

Dry-Basis Gas Analysis 26

Data Acquisition System 26

Cross-Duct (or Cross-Stack) Monitoring Technology 27

System Integration 27

CEMS Applications 28

TABLE 5 CEMENT INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 28

TABLE 6 COAL FIRED POWER PLANT APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 28

TABLE 7 IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 29

STACK GAS/SOURCE SAMPLING 29

Stack/Source Sampling Procedure 29

Selection of Sampling Position in the Stack/Source 30

TABLE 8 MINIMUM NUMBER OF TRAVERSE POINTS ACROSS THE STACK 30

Measurement of Gas Flow Rate (Pollutant Emission Rate) 30

Measurement of Stack Gas Velocity 30

Determination of Temperature of Gas 31

TABLE 9 PROBES USED FOR DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE RANGES 31

Determination of Pressure 31

Bourdon 31

Bellows 31

Diaphragm 32

Capacitive or Inductance 32

Resistive, Strain Gauge 32

Piezoelectric 32

Types of Temperature Transmitters 32

FIXED VS. PORTABLE GAS SENSORS AND MONITORS 33

The Basic Fixed System 33

Key Considerations 33

Intrinsically Safe 34

Explosion Proof 34

Fixed Systems Best Practice 34

Basic Portable Gas Detectors 34

Key Considerations 35

Portables Best Practice 36

Advanced Sensors for Multi-Sensor Instruments 36

Other Types of Direct Reading Sensors 36

MICRO- AND NANOSENSORS 37

MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SENSORS 37

MEMS Gas Sensing Technologies 37

Electrochemical Sensors 37

Mass Sensors 37

Applications 38

TABLE 10 POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF MEMS CHEMICAL AND GAS SENSORS 38

Automotive 38

Life Sciences 39

Environmental Protection 39

Military/Public Safety 39

Industrial Leak Detection and Process Control 39

NANOSENSORS 39

Nano-Gas Sensing Technologies 39

Nanotubes 40

Carbon Nanotubes 40

Other Types of Nanotubes 40

Nanoribbons 41

Nanowires 41

Nano-Cantilevers 42

Nanoparticles 43

Nanoceramics 43

Graphene 44

CHAPTER 5 GAS FLOW METERING: TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS 47

TECHNOLOGIES 47

TABLE 11 FLOW METER TECHNOLOGIES 47

DP FLOW METERS 47

Orifice Plate 47

Flow Nozzles 48

Venturi Tube 48

FIGURE 5 VENTURI FLOW METER 48

Elbow Meter 49

FIGURE 6 ELBOW FLOW METER 49

PD FLOW METERS 49

Diaphragm Meters 49

Rotary Meters 50

TURBINE FLOW METERS 50

THERMAL MASS FLOW METERS 51

Direct-Heat Flow Meters 52

Externally Heated Flow Meters 52

Heated-Tube Design 52

Bypass-Type Design 53

Air Velocity Probes 53

VARIABLE AREA FLOW METERS 54

Slotted Tube Flow Meters 55

Vane and Piston Flow Meters 55

MFC 55

ANNUBAR 56

CORIOLIS FLOW METERS 57

Tube Designs 57

ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS 58

VORTEX FLOW METER 59

OTHER TECHNOLOGIES 60

Optical Flow Meters 60

Sonar-Based Flow Meters 60

SELECTING A FLOW METER 61

Performance Comparisons 61

TABLE 12 COMPARISON OF SELECTED GAS FLOW METER OPTIONS AND COSTS 61

Flow Meter Advantages and Disadvantages 62

TABLE 13 FLOW METER ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 62

The Importance of Accuracy 63

TABLE 14 IMPORTANCE OF DEGREE OF ACCURACY IN GAS FLOW METERING (%) 63

What is Reliability? 64

TABLE 15 IMPORTANCE OF RELIABILITY IN SPECIFYING/PURCHASING GAS FLOW

METERS (%) 64

Other Gas Flow Meter Selection Criteria 64

Installed Base 65

SUPPLIERS 65

TABLE 16 GAS FLOW METER VENDOR LEADERS AND PRODUCTS OFFERING 66

MARKETS 66

APPLICATION SEGMENTS 66

TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH

2019 ($ MILLIONS) 67

FIGURE 7 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS FLOW METERING BY MARKET SECTOR

APPLICATION, 2013-2019 (%) 67

TABLE 18 GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE/APPLICATION CHART 68

Custody (Ownership) Transfer 68

TABLE 19 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CUSTODY TRANSFER GAS FLOW METERING BY

METER TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69

Stack Gas Monitoring 69

TABLE 20 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR STACK GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 70

Flare Gas Flow Metering and Monitoring 70

TABLE 21 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR FLARE GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 71

Utility Applications 71

TABLE 22 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR UTILITY GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 71

CNG 72

TABLE 23 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CNG FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE, THROUGH

2019 ($ MILLIONS) 72

Low Flow Gas Flow metering 73

TABLE 24 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LOW GAS FLOW RATE METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 73

TECHNOLOGY SEGMENTS 74

TABLE 25 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS FLOW METERS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 74

FIGURE 8 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS FLOW METERING BY TECHNOLOGY SEGMENT,

2013-2019 (%) 74

DP 75

TABLE 26 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR DP GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 75

PD 75

TABLE 27 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR PD GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76

Turbine 76

TABLE 28 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR TURBINE GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 77

Thermal Mass 77

TABLE 29 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR THERMAL MASS GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 77

MFCs 78

TABLE 30 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR MFCS GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 78

Annubar 78

TABLE 31 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ANNUBAR GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 78

Ultrasonic 79

TABLE 32 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ULTRASONIC GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79

Coriolis 79

TABLE 33 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CORIOLIS GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 80

Doppler Vortex 80

TABLE 34 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR DOPPLER VORTEX GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 80

CHAPTER 6 GAS SENSOR/MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES 82

TECHNOLOGIES 82

IR SENSING/MONITORING TECHNOLOGY 82

FTIR 82

NDIR Technology 83

SOLID-STATE SENSING/MONITORING TECHNOLOGY 83

CATALYTIC BEAD SENSING/MONITORING TECHNOLOGY 84

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY 84

Flame Ionization Detection Technology 84

TC Analyzers 85

Electron Capture Detector 85

PIDs 86

Flame Photometric Detector 86

UV Sensing/Monitoring Technology 87

Chemiluminescent Analyzers 87

ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSING/MONITORING TECHNOLOGY 87

PARAMAGNETIC ANALYZERS 87

OTHER TECHNOLOGIES 88

Mass Spectrometry 88

Hot-Wire Anemometers 89

Air Duct Traversing 89

MEMS Sensors 90

Nano-Gas Sensors 90

TABLE 35 NANO-GAS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES 91

Nanotubes 91

Nanoribbons 91

Nanowires 92

Nano-Cantilevers 92

Nanoceramics 93

Graphene Sensors 93

SUPPLIERS 93

TABLE 36 GAS FLOW SENSORS/MONITORS SUPPLIER LEADERS AND PRODUCTS

OFFERING 94

MARKETS 94

APPLICATION SEGMENTS 95

TABLE 37 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSING/MONITORING BY APPLICATION,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 95

FIGURE 9 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSING/MONITORING BY MARKET SECTOR

APPLICATION, 2013-2019 (%) 95

Custody Transfer 96

TABLE 38 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CUSTODY TRANSFER SENSOR/MONITORING BY

PRODUCT SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 96

Stack Gas Monitoring 97

TABLE 39 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR STACK GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 97

Flare Gas Monitoring 98

TABLE 40 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR FLARE GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 98

Utility Applications 98

TABLE 41 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR UTILITY SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 99

CNG 99

TABLE 42 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CNG SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 100

Low Flow Rate Gas 100

TABLE 43 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LOW GAS FLOW RATE SENSOR/MONITORING BY

PRODUCT SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 100

TECHNOLOGY SEGMENTS 101

TABLE 44 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY TYPE OF PF

TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 101

FIGURE 10 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY TECHNOLOGY

SEGMENT, 2013-2019 (%) 101

IR Gas Sensors/Monitors 102

TABLE 45 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR IR SENSOR/MONITORING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 103

Solid-State Gas Sensors 103

TABLE 46 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SOLID-STATE SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 103

Catalytic Gas Sensors 104

TABLE 47 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYTIC SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 104

Gas Chromatography Sensors 104

TABLE 48 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GC SENSOR/MONITORING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 104

Electrochemical Gas Sensors 105

TABLE 49 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 105

Paramagnetic Gas Sensors 105

TABLE 50 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR PARAMAGNETIC SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 106

Chemiluminescence Gas Sensors 106

TABLE 51 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CHEMILUMESCENCE SENSORS/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 106

UV Gas Sensors 107

TABLE 52 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ULTRA-VIOLET SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 107

CHAPTER 7 SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING TECHNOLOGIES 109

TECHNOLOGIES 109

TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT 109

TABLE 53 OVERVIEW OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS 109

DENSITY MEASUREMENT 110

PRESSURE MEASUREMENT 111

TABLE 54 OVERVIEW OF PRESSURE SENSORS 111

SUPPLIERS 112

TABLE 55 SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION SUPPLIER/VENDOR 112

MARKETS 113

APPLICATION SEGMENTS 113

TABLE 56 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING

INSTRUMENTATION BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 113

FIGURE 11 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING

INSTRUMENTATION BY MARKET SECTOR APPLICATION, 2013-2019 (%) 113

Custody (Ownership) Transfer of Natural Gas 114

TABLE 57 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN CUSTODY TRANSFER OF NATURAL GAS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH

2019 ($ MILLIONS)

115

Stack Gas Monitoring 115

TABLE 58 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY AS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION FOR

STACK GAS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 115

Flare Gas Monitoring 115

TABLE 59 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN FLARE METERING BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 116

Utility Applications 116

TABLE 60 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN UTILITY APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 117

CNG 117

TABLE 61 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN CNG APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 118

Low Gas Flow Rate Applications 118

TABLE 62 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN LOW GAS FLOW RATE APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019

($ MILLIONS)

118

TECHNOLOGY SEGMENTS 118

TABLE 63 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING

INSTRUMENTATION BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 119

FIGURE 12 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING

INSTRUMENTATION BY TECHNOLOGY SEGMENT, 2013-2019 (%) 119

Temperature Sensors 120

TABLE 64 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR TEMPERATURE SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION

BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 120

Pressure Sensors 120

TABLE 65 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR PRESSURE SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 120

Density Measurement 121

TABLE 66 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR DENSITY SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 121

CHAPTER 8 MAJOR GEOGRAPHICAL MARKETS 123

TABLE 67 MARKET FOR GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY

FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 123

CHAPTER 9 APPENDIX A: PURCHASING CRITERIA 125

FLOW METERS 125

TABLE 68 IMPORTANT FACTORS IN SPECIFICATION/PURCHASING OF FLOW METERS

(SCALE IS 1 TO 5) 125

GAS SENSORS/MONITORS 126

TABLE 69 IMPORTANT FACTORS IN SPECIFICATION/PURCHASING OF GAS

SENSORS/MONITORS (SCALE IS 1 TO 5) 126

CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX B: COMPANY PROFILES 128

THE ABB GROUP (ABB ANALYTICAL) 128

ACCULEX 128

ALICAT SCIENTIFIC INC. 128

ALTECH ENVIRONMENT USA 129

AMALGAMATED INSTRUMENTS CO. PTY, LTD. 129

AMETEK INC. 129

ASIA PACIFIC MICROSYSTEMS INC. (APM) 130

AUTOMATIC FLARE SYSTEMS, LTD. 131

BACHARACH INC. 131

BASELINE-MOCON INC. (BASELINE) 131

BROOKS INSTRUMENT 132

CASELLA USA 132

CIDRA 132

CIMTECHNIQUES INC. 133

CITY TECHNOLOGY, LTD. 133

COUNTRONICS 134

DAVIDSON INSTRUMENTS 134

DRAGER SAFETY AG 135

DRSCADA AUTOMATION 135

ELSTER-INSTROMET N.V. 135

EMERSON PROCESS MANAGEMENT 135

ENDRESS+HAUSER INC. 136

FIGARO ENGINEERING INC. 136

FLORITE INTERNATIONAL INC. 137

FREHNIG INSTRUMENTS & CONTROLS 137

GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE (GTI) 137

GE SENSING 137

GENERAL MONITORS 138

HEDLAND IN-LINE FLOWMETERS 138

HONEYWELL INC. 138

HORIBA, LTD. 139

IFM EFECTOR INC. 140

IMPCO TECHNOLOGIES INC. 140

INNOVA AIRTECH INSTRUMENTS A/S 141

INSTRUMART 141

INTERNATIONAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY 141

INVENSYS 142

J-TEC ASSOCIATES INC. 142

KEP-KESSLER-ELLIS PRODUCTS 142

LAND INSTRUMENTS INTERNATIONAL 143

MCCROMETER INC. 143

MICRO SYSTEMS & CONTROLS 143

MSA INSTRUMENTS DIVISION 143

QUEST TECHNOLOGIES 144

R2 CONTROLS INC. 144

SAGE METERING INC. 144

SERVOMEX CO. INC. 144

SIEMENS ENERGY & AUTOMATION INC. 145

SITRON USA INC. 145

SOUTH WEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SWRI) 145

SPINK CONTROLS 146

SYNECTIC DESIGN, LTD. 146

TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS 146

TOKY ELECTRICAL CO., LTD. 147

VARIAN INC. 147

YOKOGAWA CORP. OF AMERICA 148

CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX C PATENT ANALYSIS 150

FIGURE 13 U.S. GAS SENSOR/MONITOR PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1975, BY

PRODUCT TYPE (% OF PATENTS IDENTIFIED) 150

GAS FLOW METER PATENTS 150

FIGURE 14 U.S. GAS SENSOR FLOW METER PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1975 BY

TECHNOLOGY TYPE (% OF PATENTS IDENTIFIED) 151

GAS SENSOR AND MONITOR PATENTS 151

FIGURE 15 U.S. GAS SENSOR AND MONITOR PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1975 BY

TECHNOLOGY TYPE (% OF PATENTS IDENTIFIED) 151

SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION PATENTS 152

FIGURE 16 U.S. SECONDARY GAS INSTRUMENTATION PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1975,

BY PARAMETER MEASURED (% OF PATENTS IDENTIFIED) 152

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERS, SENSORS/MONITORS,

AND SECONDARY FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY PRODUCT TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($

MILLIONS)

TABLE 1 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR GAS FLOW METERING, GAS

SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY MARKET

SEGMENT

TABLE 2 MARKET FOR GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY

FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, THROUGH 2019 (%) 17

TABLE 3 MARKET FOR GAS METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND SECONDARY

FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY TYPE OF APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 18

TABLE 4 MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERING, SENSORS/MONITORS, AND

SECONDARY FLOW INSTRUMENTATION BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 19

TABLE 5 CEMENT INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 28

TABLE 6 COAL FIRED POWER PLANT APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 28

TABLE 7 IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS OF CEMS 29

TABLE 8 MINIMUM NUMBER OF TRAVERSE POINTS ACROSS THE STACK 30

TABLE 9 PROBES USED FOR DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE RANGES 31

TABLE 10 POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF MEMS CHEMICAL AND GAS SENSORS 38

TABLE 11 FLOW METER TECHNOLOGIES 47

TABLE 12 COMPARISON OF SELECTED GAS FLOW METER OPTIONS AND COSTS 61

TABLE 13 FLOW METER ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 62

TABLE 14 IMPORTANCE OF DEGREE OF ACCURACY IN GAS FLOW METERING (%) 63

TABLE 15 IMPORTANCE OF RELIABILITY IN SPECIFYING/PURCHASING GAS FLOW

METERS (%) 64

TABLE 16 GAS FLOW METER VENDOR LEADERS AND PRODUCTS OFFERING 66

TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GAS FLOW METERS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH

2019 ($ MILLIONS) 67

TABLE 18 GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE/APPLICATION CHART 68

TABLE 19 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CUSTODY TRANSFER GAS FLOW METERING BY

METER TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69

TABLE 20 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR STACK GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 70

TABLE 21 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR FLARE GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 71

TABLE 22 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR UTILITY GAS FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 71

TABLE 23 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CNG FLOW METERING BY METER TYPE, THROUGH

2019 ($ MILLIONS) 72

TABLE 24 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LOW GAS FLOW RATE METERING BY METER TYPE,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 73

TABLE 25 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS FLOW METERS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 74

TABLE 26 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR DP GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 75

TABLE 27 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR PD GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76

TABLE 28 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR TURBINE GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 77

TABLE 29 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR THERMAL MASS GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 77

TABLE 30 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR MFCS GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 78

TABLE 31 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ANNUBAR GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 78

TABLE 32 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ULTRASONIC GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79

TABLE 33 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CORIOLIS GAS FLOW METERING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 80

TABLE 34 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR DOPPLER VORTEX GAS FLOW METERING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 80

TABLE 35 NANO-GAS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES 91

TABLE 36 GAS FLOW SENSORS/MONITORS SUPPLIER LEADERS AND PRODUCTS

OFFERING 94

TABLE 37 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSING/MONITORING BY APPLICATION,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 95

TABLE 38 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CUSTODY TRANSFER SENSOR/MONITORING BY

PRODUCT SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 96

TABLE 39 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR STACK GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 97

TABLE 40 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR FLARE GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 98

TABLE 41 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR UTILITY SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 99

TABLE 42 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CNG SENSOR/MONITORING BY PRODUCT SEGMENT,

THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 100

TABLE 43 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LOW GAS FLOW RATE SENSOR/MONITORING BY

PRODUCT SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 100

TABLE 44 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GAS SENSOR/MONITORING BY TYPE OF PF

TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 101

TABLE 45 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR IR SENSOR/MONITORING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 103

TABLE 46 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SOLID-STATE SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 103

TABLE 47 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYTIC SENSOR/MONITORING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 104

TABLE 48 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GC SENSOR/MONITORING BY APPLICATION

SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 104

TABLE 49 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 105

TABLE 50 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR PARAMAGNETIC SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 106

TABLE 51 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CHEMILUMESCENCE SENSORS/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 106

TABLE 52 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR ULTRA-VIOLET SENSOR/MONITORING BY

APPLICATION SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 107

TABLE 53 OVERVIEW OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS 109

TABLE 54 OVERVIEW OF PRESSURE SENSORS 111

TABLE 55 SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION SUPPLIER/VENDOR 112

TABLE 56 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW METERING

INSTRUMENTATION BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 113

TABLE 57 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SECONDARY GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION USED

IN CUSTODY TRANSFER OF NATURAL GAS BY TYPE OF INSTRUMENT, THROUGH 2019