Phthalic Anhydride and Derivatives (Plasticizers, Unsaturated Polyester Resins, and Alkyd Resins) Market by Application & Geography - Trends & Forecast to 2018

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Sep 09, 2014, 08:48 ET

LONDON, Sept. 9, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportbuyer.com has added a new market research report:

Phthalic Anhydride and Derivatives (Plasticizers, Unsaturated Polyester Resins, and Alkyd Resins) Market by Application & Geography - Trends & Forecast to 2018

https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/2116810/Phthalic-Anhydride-and-Derivatives-Plasticizers-Unsaturated-Polyester-Resins-and-Alkyd-Resins-Market-by-Application--Geography---Trends--Forecast-to-2018.html

Phthalic anhydride is an important compound derived from the oxidation reaction of naphthalene. On the basis of application areas, the market of phthalic anhydride can be broadly segmented into plasticizers, unsaturated polyester resins, alkyd resins, and others. Plasticizer is the main phthalic anhydride application and serves an array of industries due to its various properties and performance advantages. Among the important plasticizers, DOP and DINP are more commonly used phthalate plasticizers.

The Asia-Pacific region is the largest market for phthalic anhydride, consuming more than three-fifth of its total global demand. The region has potential for the product due to increasing demand for its end-user products. However, with the increasing focus on environmental as well occupational safety, the use of phthalic anhydride in its end-user applications is being restricted or banned in some applications. In some cases, phthalic anhydride is also being replaced by suitable substitutes. Thus, the growth in demand of the anhydride is estimated at a slower pace in European and North American markets during the forecast period.

The important end-user industries of phthalic anhydride include construction, automotive, electrical & electronics, and paints & coatings, which are growing at a good pace. The key drivers for the increasing demand of phthalic anhydride is majorly due to increasing demand from Asia-Pacific region and relatively higher estimated growth rate in alkyd resins application.

This study on phthalic anhydride market estimates its global demand and its market value for 2012, and projects the expected demand and market value of the same by 2018. As a part of quantitative analysis, the study segments the global market by derivatives and geography with current market estimation and forecast till 2018. The countries covered in the report are India, China, Japan, U.S., Italy, Germany, and France. The segmentation by derivatives includes plasticizers, unsaturated polyester resins (UPR), and alkyd resins.

Further, as a part of the qualitative analysis, the research provides report with a comprehensive review of important drivers, restraints, opportunities, winning imperatives, and key issues in the market. It also includes the company profiling and competitive strategies adopted by various market players including BASF (Germany), Shandong Hongxin (China), Nan-Ya Plastics (Taiwan), ExxonMobil Chemical (U.S.), Aekyung Petrochemical (Japan), IG Petrochemicals (India), Polynt SPA (Italy), and Koppers Industries (U.S.).

The global phthalic anhydride market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 3.40% over the next five years, to reach a demand of 4,828.80 KT by 2018. The Asia-Pacific region, with its thriving economies and rapidly expanding population, is expected to remain the largest market for phthalic anhydride from 2013 to 2018.

Scope of the report

• Phthalic anhydride market on the basis of geography:
o Asia-Pacific
o Europe
o North America
o Rest of the World

• Phthalic anhydride market on the basis of derivatives:
o Plasticizers
o Unsaturated Polyester Resins
o Alkyd resins
o Others

• Derivatives market:
o Plasticizers: Regional analysis with country level breakup
o Unsaturated Polyester Resins: Regional analysis with country level breakup
o Alkyd Resins: Regional analysis with country level breakup

1 INTRODUCTION 15

1.1 KEY DELIVERABLES 15
1.2 REPORT DESCRIPTION 16
1.3 STAKEHOLDERS 16
1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 16
1.4.1 MARKET SIZE 16
1.4.2 IMPORTANT SECONDARY SOURCES USED 18
1.4.3 KEY DATA POINTS TAKEN FROM SECONDARY SOURCES 18
1.4.4 KEY DATA POINTS TAKEN FROM PRIMARY SOURCES 19
1.4.5 ASSUMPTIONS 19

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 20

3 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 22

3.1 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SEGMENTATION 22
3.2 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET DYNAMICS 23
3.3 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET OUTLOOK 25
3.4 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET TREND 27

4 MARKET OVERVIEW 29

4.1 INTRODUCTION 30
4.2 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 31
4.2.1 RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS 31
4.2.2 MANUFACTURERS 32
4.2.3 DERIVATIVES MANUFACTURERS 32
4.2.4 DISTRIBUTORS 32
4.2.5 END USE 33
4.3 MARKET DYNAMICS 34
4.3.1 DRIVERS 34
4.3.1.1 Increasing Demand in the Asia-Pacific Region 35
4.3.1.2 Growth in Alkyd Resins 35
4.3.2 RESTRAINT 36
4.3.2.1 Toxicity of Phthalates 36
4.3.3 OPPORTUNITY 37
4.3.3.1 Increasing Demand for Polyester Polyols 38
4.3.4 BURNING ISSUE 38
4.3.4.1 Rebuilding the Faith in PA 38
4.3.5 WINNING IMPERATIVES 39
4.3.5.1 Product Innovation 39
4.4 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 40
4.4.1 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 40
4.4.2 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 41
4.4.3 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 41
4.4.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 42
4.4.5 DEGREE OF COMPETITION 42
4.5 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS 43

5 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET, BY DERIVATIVES 44

5.1 INTRODUCTION 45
5.2 PLASTICIZERS 48
5.3 UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESINS 51
5.4 ALKYD RESINS 53

6 PHTALIC ANHYDRIDE DERIVATIVES MARKET 56

6.1 INTRODUCTION 57
6.2 PLASTICIZERS 58
6.2.1 OVERVIEW 58
6.2.2 PLASTICIZERS REGIONAL ANALYSIS 61
6.2.2.1 North America 61
6.2.2.2 Europe 63
6.2.2.3 Asia-Pacific 65
6.2.2.4 ROW 67
6.3 UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN (UPR) 69
6.3.1 OVERVIEW 69
6.3.2 UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESINS, REGIONAL ANALYSIS 72
6.3.2.1 North America 72
6.3.2.2 Europe 74
6.3.2.3 Asia-Pacific 76
6.3.2.4 ROW 78
6.4 ALKYD RESINS 80
6.4.1 ALKYD RESINS, REGIONAL ANALYSIS 83
6.4.1.1 North America 83
6.4.1.2 Europe 85
6.4.1.3 Asia-Pacific 87
6.4.1.4 ROW 89

7 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET, BY GEOGRAPHY 91

7.1 INTRODUCTION 92
7.2 NORTH AMERICA 95
7.2.1 U.S. 97
7.2.2 MEXICO 100
7.2.3 CANADA 102
7.3 EUROPE 104
7.3.1 GERMANY 107
7.3.2 THE NETHERLANDS 109
7.3.3 ITALY 111
7.3.4 FRANCE 113
7.3.5 TURKEY 115
7.3.6 POLAND 117
7.3.7 U.K. 119
7.4 ASIA-PACIFIC 121
7.4.1 CHINA 124
7.4.2 INDIA 126
7.4.3 SOUTH KOREA 128
7.4.4 TAIWAN 130
7.4.5 JAPAN 132
7.4.6 THAILAND 134
7.5 ROW 136
7.5.1 RUSSIA 139
7.5.2 BRAZIL 141
7.5.3 ARGENTINA 143

8 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 145

8.1 INTRODUCTION 146
8.2 CAPACITY EXPANSION 146
8.3 MAINTENANCE & PRODUCTION RESUMPTION 147

9 COMPANY PROFILES 148 (Overview, Financial*, Products & Services, Strategy, and Developments)

9.1 BASF S.E. 148
9.2 SHANDONG HONGXIN CHEMICALS CO. LTD. 151
9.3 NAN YA PLASTICS CORP. 153
9.4 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION 155
9.5 AEKYUNG PETROCHEMICAL CO. LTD. 158
9.6 ASIAN PAINTS LTD. 160
9.7 C-CHEM CO. LTD. 162
9.8 I.G. PETROCHEMICALS LTD. 163
9.9 KOPPERS INC. 165
9.10 MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICALS CO. LTD. 167
9.11 POLYNT SPA 169
9.12 STEPAN COMPANY 171
9.13 THIRUMALAI CHEMICALS LTD. 173
9.14 UPC TECHNOLOGY CORP. 175
*Details might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY DERIVATIVE, 2011-2018 (KT) 46
TABLE 2 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY DERIVATIVE, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 47
TABLE 3 PLASTICIZERS PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 49
TABLE 4 PLASTICIZERS PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 50
TABLE 5 UPR PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY,
2011-2018 (KT) 51
TABLE 6 UPR PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 52
TABLE 7 ALKYD RESINS PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 54
TABLE 8 ALKYD RESINS PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 55
TABLE 9 PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 59
TABLE 10 PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 60
TABLE 11 NORTH AMERICA: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 61
TABLE 12 NORTH AMERICA: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 62
TABLE 13 EUROPE: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 63
TABLE 14 EUROPE: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 64
TABLE 15 ASIA-PACIFIC: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 65
TABLE 16 ASIA-PACIFIC: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 66
TABLE 17 ROW: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 67
TABLE 18 ROW: PLASTICIZERS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 68
TABLE 19 UPR MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 70
TABLE 20 UPR MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 71
TABLE 21 NORTH AMERICA: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 72
TABLE 22 NORTH AMERICA: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 73
TABLE 23 EUROPE: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 74
TABLE 24 EUROPE: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 75
TABLE 25 ASIA-PACIFIC: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 76
TABLE 26 ASIA-PACIFIC: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 77
TABLE 27 ROW: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 78
TABLE 28 ROW: UPR MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 79
TABLE 29 ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 81
TABLE 30 ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 82
TABLE 31 NORTH AMERICA: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 83
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 84
TABLE 33 EUROPE: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 85
TABLE 34 EUROPE: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 86
TABLE 35 ASIA-PACIFIC: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 87
TABLE 36 ASIA-PACIFIC: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 88
TABLE 37 ROW: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 89
TABLE 38 ROW: ALKYD RESINS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 90
TABLE 39 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 (KT) 93
TABLE 40 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 94
TABLE 41 NORTH AMERICA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 96
TABLE 42 NORTH AMERICA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 97
TABLE 43 U.S.: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 98
TABLE 44 U.S.: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 99
TABLE 45 MEXICO: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 100
TABLE 46 MEXICO: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 101
TABLE 47 CANADA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 102
TABLE 48 CANADA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATIONS, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 103
TABLE 49 EUROPE: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 105
TABLE 50 EUROPE: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 106
TABLE 51 GERMANY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 107
TABLE 52 GERMANY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 108
TABLE 53 THE NETHERLANDS: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE,
BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 109
TABLE 54 THE NETHERLANDS: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE,
BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 110
TABLE 55 ITALY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 111
TABLE 56 ITALY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 112
TABLE 57 FRANCE: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 113
TABLE 58 FRANCE: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 114
TABLE 59 TURKEY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 115
TABLE 60 TURKEY: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 116
TABLE 61 POLAND: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 117
TABLE 62 POLAND: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 118
TABLE 63 U.K.: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 119
TABLE 64 U.K.: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 120
TABLE 65 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 (KT) 122
TABLE 66 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 123
TABLE 67 CHINA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 124
TABLE 68 CHINA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 125
TABLE 69 INDIA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 126
TABLE 70 INDIA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 127
TABLE 71 SOUTH KOREA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 128
TABLE 72 SOUTH KOREA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 129
TABLE 73 TAIWAN: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 130
TABLE 74 TAIWAN: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 131
TABLE 75 JAPAN: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 132
TABLE 76 JAPAN: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 133
TABLE 77 THAILAND: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 134
TABLE 78 THAILAND: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 135
TABLE 79 ROW: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 (KT) 137
TABLE 80 ROW: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 138
TABLE 81 RUSSIA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 139
TABLE 82 RUSSIA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 140
TABLE 83 BRAZIL: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 (KT) 141
TABLE 84 BRAZIL: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 142
TABLE 85 ARGENTINA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 (KT) 143
TABLE 86 ARGENTINA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2011-2018 ($MILLION) 144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS (VOLUME), 2012 20
FIGURE 2 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SEGMENTATION 22
FIGURE 3 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET DYNAMICS 23
FIGURE 4 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 24
FIGURE 5 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE, BY GEOGRAPHY,
2011-2018 ($MILLION) 25
FIGURE 6 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE (VOLUME), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2012 26
FIGURE 7 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SIZE (VALUE), BY DERIVATIVE 27
FIGURE 8 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET TREND, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2013-2018 28
FIGURE 9 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 31
FIGURE 10 IMPACT OF KEY DRIVERS ON PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET,
2013-2018 34
FIGURE 11 IMPACT OF KEY RESTRAINT ON PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET,
2013-2018 36
FIGURE 12 IMPACT OF KEY OPPORTUNITY ON PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET, 2013-2018 37
FIGURE 13 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 40
FIGURE 14 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE, BY KEY MANUFACTURERS, 2013 43
FIGURE 15 NORTH AMERICA: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE (VOLUME), BY COUNTRY, 2012 95
FIGURE 16 EUROPE: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE (VOLUME),
BY COUNTRY, 2012 104
FIGURE 17 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE (VOLUME),
BY COUNTRY, 2012 121
FIGURE 18 ROW: PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET SHARE (VOLUME), BY COUNTRY, 2012 136
FIGURE 19 BASF: SWOT ANALYSIS 150
FIGURE 20 SHANDONG: SWOT ANALYSIS 152
FIGURE 21 NYPC: SWOT ANALYSIS 154
FIGURE 22 EXXON MOBIL: SWOT ANALYSIS 156
FIGURE 23 AEKYUNG: SWOT ANALYSIS 159

Read the full report:
Phthalic Anhydride and Derivatives (Plasticizers, Unsaturated Polyester Resins, and Alkyd Resins) Market by Application & Geography - Trends & Forecast to 2018

https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/2116810/Phthalic-Anhydride-and-Derivatives-Plasticizers-Unsaturated-Polyester-Resins-and-Alkyd-Resins-Market-by-Application--Geography---Trends--Forecast-to-2018.html