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Struktur von wichtigem Diabetes-Rezeptor durch internationale Zusammenarbeit bestimmt
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News provided by

ShanghaiTech University

May 17, 2017, 13:00 ET

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Von Shanghai geführtes Konsortium fertigt hochauflösende 3D-Abbildung von GLP-1R an

SHANGHAI, 17. Mai 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Ein vom iHuman Institute der ShanghaiTech University angeführtes internationales Team hat die Molekularstruktur vom menschlichen glukonartigen Peptid-1-Rezeptor (Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor, GLP-1R) bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse werden im Artikel „Human GLP-1 Receptor Transmembrane Domain Structure in Complex with Allosteric Modulators" beschrieben, der am 17. Mai 2017 in der Zeitschrift Nature erscheint. Die Studie wird in Nature zusammen mit einem Begleitartikel veröffentlicht, der von Kollegen am Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM) stammt und den Glucagon-Rezeptor in seiner vollen Länge beschreibt.

Structures of human GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, important drug targets for diabetes and obesity.
Structures of human GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, important drug targets for diabetes and obesity.

GLP-1R ist ein anerkanntes Wirkstoffziel für Typ-II-Diabetes, was durch mehrere peptidische Therapeutika auf dem Markt mit einem gemeinsamen Umsatz von mehreren Millionen Dollar jährlich verdeutlicht wird. Weltweit wird der Kostenaufwand für die Behandlung von Diabetes und seinen Komplikationen auf über 200 Milliarden US-Dollar jährlich geschätzt. Das Auftreten von Diabetes wächst weltweit mit alarmierender Geschwindigkeit, wobei China die beachtlichste und jüngste Wachstumsrate aufweist.

Die GLP-1R-Struktur wurde im Komplex mit negativen allosterischen Modulatoren (NAMs) bestimmt. Die NAMs blockieren die Aktivierung von GLP-1R, indem sie sich in den Hohlraum zwischen den Helices VI und VII schieben, während PAMs sich vorwiegend an den Platz zwischen Helices V und VI binden und somit eine Aktivierung ermöglichen. „Diese Struktur ist ein Heiliger Gral in der GPCR-Wirkstoffentdeckung", erklärte Professor Raymond Stevens am iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Co-Leiter der Studie. 

Oral verfügbare kleinmolekulare Therapeutika waren von vielen Pharmakonzernen für mehrere Jahrzehnte stark gefragt, um die Peptide zu ersetzen. GPCRs, die Peptide binden, können sich angesichts der zahlreichen Verbindungspunkte für die kleinmolekulare Wirkstoffentdeckung als besonders schwierig erweisen", sagte Gaojie Song, außerordentlicher Professor am iHuman Institute.

„Dieses große Vorhaben begann 2002, als wir nach kleinmolekularen GLP-1R-Agonisten suchten", erläuterte Professor Ming Wang vom SIMM und der Fudan University, Co-Leiter der Studie. „Unsere vergeblichen Bemühungen, den ersten oral aktiven GLP-1R-Agonisten Boc5 herzustellen, führten uns zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass hochauflösende strukturelle Biologie die bevorzugte Lösung für Arzneitauglichkeit sein muss."

Zu den kooperierenden Institutionen zählen die Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, die University of Southern California und Novo Nordisk. Finanzielle Unterstützung für diese Arbeit kommt vom Shanghai Municipal Government, der ShanghaiTech University, dem nationalen „1000 Talents Program for Foreign Experts", von Shanghai „Pujiang Talents", dem GPCR Consortium und der Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Verwandte Links
http://ihuman.shanghaitech.edu.cn/
http://english.simm.cas.cn

Foto - http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/512246/ShanghaiTech_University.jpg

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